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The image of Chichikov in N.V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls” Chichikov - main character poems by N.V. Gogol

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Portrait of Chichikov Not handsome, but not bad-looking either, neither too fat nor too thin; One cannot say that he is old, but not that he is too young.

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Chichikov's clothes The gentleman took off his cap and unwound from his neck a woolen scarf of rainbow colors, which the wife prepares for married people with her own hands, providing decent instructions on how to wrap themselves up, and for single people - I probably can’t say who makes them, God knows, I’ve never worn them such scarves... Then he put on his shirtfront in front of the mirror, plucked out two hairs that had come out of his nose, and immediately after that he found himself in a lingonberry-colored tailcoat with a sparkle.

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Manners and Speech The newcomer somehow knew how to find his way around everything and showed himself to be an experienced socialite. Whatever the conversation was about, he always knew how to support it. He argued, but somehow extremely skillfully, so that everyone saw that he was arguing, and yet he was arguing pleasantly. He never said: “you went,” but: “you deigned to go,” “I had the honor to cover your deuce,” and the like. He spoke neither loudly nor quietly, but absolutely as he should. In a word, no matter where you turn, he was a very decent person.

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Origin: Dark and humble origins of our hero. His parents were nobles, but whether they were private or private, God knows. At the beginning, life looked at him somehow sourly and unpleasantly...no friend, no comrade in childhood!

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Father's instructions Father's instructions, according to which the hero built his whole life: “Look, Pavlusha, study, don’t be stupid and don’t act out, but most of all please your teachers and bosses... Don’t hang out with your comrades, they won’t teach you any good; and if it comes to that, then hang out with those who are richer, so that on occasion they can be useful to you... Most of all, take care of a penny, this thing is more reliable than anything in the world - a penny will not give you away, no matter what trouble you are in.”

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Studying at the school: Already here Pavlusha showed talents “from the practical side”: He suddenly realized and understood the matter and behaved in relation to his comrades in exactly the same way that they treated him, and he not only never, but sometimes even hid them the received treat, then sold it to them.

Chichikov's appearance in the poem "Dead Souls"

“... gentleman, not handsome, but not bad-looking, neither too fat nor too thin; I can’t say that I’m old, but I can’t say that I’m too young...”

“... the same as Chichikov, that is, not too thick, but not thin either...”

“...on your snow-white cheek!...” (Sobakevich to Chichikov)

“... Chichikov’s plumpness and middle age...”

“.. having shaved in such a way that the cheeks became real satin in terms of smoothness and gloss...”

“... his face, which he sincerely loved and in which, it seems, he found the chin most attractive, for he very often boasted of it to one of his friends [...] “Here, look,” he usually said, stroking it hand, what a chin I have: completely round!..."

“...The ladies were very pleased and not only found a lot of pleasantries and courtesies in him, but even began to find a majestic expression in his face, something even Marsian and military, which, as you know, is very popular with women...”

“...however, in many living rooms they began to say that, of course, Chichikov was not the first handsome man, but he was as a man should be, that if he were a little fatter or fuller, it would not be good...”

“...besides his appearance, which in itself was already well-intentioned, there was nothing in his conversations that would show a person with violent actions...”

“...Suddenly, despite his pleasantness, the boss did not like his face...”

Chichikov's clothes in the poem "Dead Souls" (suit, tailcoat)

“... from then on I began to stick to more brown and reddish colors with a sparkle...”

“... putting on a lingonberry-colored tailcoat with a sparkle and then an overcoat on big bears...”

“... I put on my shirtfront in front of the mirror, plucked out two hairs that had come out of my nose, and immediately after that I found myself in a lingonberry-colored tailcoat with a sparkle...”

“...The gentleman took off his cap and unwound a woolen scarf of rainbow colors from his neck...”

“... put on morocco boots with carved decorations of all sorts of colors, which the city of Torzhok quickly sells...”

“... he changed his Scottish suit to a European one, buckled his full belly tighter, sprayed himself with cologne, picked up a warm cap...”

“... the visitor showed such attentiveness to the toilet that has not even been seen everywhere...”

“... he changed his underwear every two days, and in the summer, during hot weather, even every day: every bad smell already insulted him..."

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Describing central character of his work, N.V. Gogol completely abandoned any specific details, comparisons and certainty.

The entire portrait of Pavel Chichikov is based on average characteristics and opinions: the hero himself, who considers himself attractive, and those around him, who also find him appearance pleasant.

Characteristics of the appearance, clothing and manners of Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov

Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol about the portrait of Pavel Chichikov

• “Not handsome, but not bad-looking either...”;
• “You can’t say that you’re old, but you can’t say that you’re too young.”

Why does he avoid specific descriptions? Why does it give the hero a certain facelessness?

Probably, in order to show all of us - the readers - that such “Chichikovs” live among us, but it is not at all easy to recognize them.

Chichikov is distinguished by his diversity, he can pretend to be whoever he wants, and that is why, by definition, he cannot have clear and expressive features.

It is interesting that even when talking about Chichikov’s childhood, Nikolai Vasilyevich refrains from mentioning the child’s appearance, dwelling only on general idea about the beginning of his life.

Appearance of the main character

And yet, what do we know for certain about appearance hero?

Chichikov is a middle-aged man; the owner of a round face, a beautiful chin.

The chin is a source of special pride for the main character. He never misses an opportunity to show it off, emphasizing that it is absolutely round.

Chichikov is always perfectly shaven; his cheeks are snow-white.

He cares a lot about his appearance:

• Uses expensive foreign soap;
• Makes sure that no hairs stick out from the nose;
• Scented with cologne.

His figure is somewhat plump, but overall not bad for his age.

By paying attention to his own appearance, a man attracts the fair sex, who see in his appearance something “majestic”, “Mars-like”.

Moreover, some of the ladies willingly believe that Chichikov is none other than Napoleon.

Clothing, manners of P. Chichikov

Even if the figure of the main character is not entirely ideal, his demeanor and posture more than compensate for external shortcomings.

Chichikov is holding up well; he has no equal in his ability to make the right impression.

His face has an expression that serves as a pass to absolutely any place. Pavel Ivanovich charms and puts you at ease in just a couple of minutes.

As for the character's clothing, he prefers an elegant tailcoat, high-quality shirts, excellent accessories and good-quality shoes.

3 things that he does not part with on his many travels - a tailcoat, a good carriage, a box. These things are with the hero throughout the poem.

To summarize, it should be said that for Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov, appearance is no less important than authority and reputation.

Chichikov - central image in the poem, given in development.

1. Character traits.
2. Acquisition and entrepreneurship.
3. Adaptability to life.
4. Cunning and cheating.
5. Caution and prudence.
6. Ability to handle and communicate with people.
7. Perseverance in achieving goals.

Gogol's mastery in portraying Chichikov.

1. Chichikov in the poem is like a living person (his portrait and manners).
2. Contrast is the main image technique.
3. General author's description.

The reasons that determined Chichikov's character.

1. Conditions for the formation and growth of capitalist relations.
2. Upbringing and education in these conditions.
3. Chichikov is a type of businessman-acquirer.

CHICHIKOV IN THE POEM “DEAD SOULS”. The main theme of Gogol’s “Dead Souls” is the theme of the paths of historical development of Russia. Gogol, with the keen eye of an artist, noticed that in Russian society of the mid-19th century, money began to play a role. decisive role: businessmen are trying to establish themselves in society, to become independent, relying on capital, and on the verge of two eras - capitalism and feudalism - such businessmen were a common phenomenon.

Chichikov - central character poem “Dead Souls”, the entire action of the poem takes place around him, all its characters are connected with him. Gogol himself wrote: “For whatever you say, this thought (about buying dead souls), this poem would not have come to light.”

Unlike the images of landowners and officials, the image of Chichikov is given in development: we know about the origin and upbringing of the hero, the beginning of his activities and the subsequent events of his life. Chichikov is a person who differs in many of his features from landed nobility. He is a nobleman by birth, but the estate is not the source of his existence. “The origins of our hero are dark and modest,” writes Gogol and gives a picture of his childhood and teaching. Chichikov remembered his father’s advice for the rest of his life. Most of all, save and save a penny. “You will do everything and ruin everything in the world with a penny,” his father told him. Chichikov set acquisitions as the goal of his life. Already at school, he showed extreme resourcefulness in terms of acquiring a penny: he sold gingerbread cookies and rolls, trained a mouse and sold it at a profit. And soon he sews 5 rubles into a bag and begins saving another one. Thus began his entrepreneurial life.

Chichikov also showed considerable ability in dealing with superiors. At school, he tried to be a model of obedience and politeness, deftly knew how to gain trust and evoked praise for his respectful and humble behavior.

After finishing his studies, he enters the government chamber, where he pleases the boss in every possible way and even looks after his daughter. And soon he himself receives the position of police officer and begins to take bribes.

The pictures of wealthy life that he encounters have an exciting effect on Chichikov. He is overwhelmed by the desire to become the owner of capital that will bring with it “life in all pleasures.” Chichikov patiently and persistently overcomes career barriers. “Everything turned out to be in him that is needed for this world: pleasantness in turns and actions, and agility in business affairs. With such funds, he obtained in a short time what is called a grain place, and took advantage of it in an excellent way.” Cunning and cheating become his characteristic features. Having become a member of the “commission for the construction of some kind of government-owned, but very capital building,” he acquires a good cook and an excellent pair of horses, wears thin, Dutch linen shirts, gets out from under the healthy laws of abstinence: the unexpected revelation of a scam with the construction of a government-owned building dispelled the blissful Chichikov's condition, everything turned out to be irretrievably lost, this upset, but did not shake Chichikov. He decided to start his career again and finds an even more profitable customs service. He undertakes very profitable operations: with a herd of Spanish sheep, he conducts an operation with Barbant lace and in a short time makes a fortune. Money floats into his hands. “God knows, to what enormous figure the blessed sums would have grown, if some difficult beast had not run across everything.” Once again exposed and expelled, Chichikov becomes an attorney, and here the idea of ​​​​searching for dead souls comes to him. And the main good thing, he says, is that “the subject will seem incredible to everyone, no one will believe it.”

The writer reveals the image of Chichikov gradually, as he talks about his adventures. In each chapter we learn something new about him. He comes to the provincial town to conduct reconnaissance and ensure the success of the planned enterprise. In city N he is extremely careful and strictly calculating. He asked the tavern servant about city officials, about the landowners closest to the city, about the state of the region, about endemic diseases. Not a single day is wasted by the active Pavel Ivanovich. He establishes friendly relations with city dignitaries, makes acquaintances with landowners and, thanks to his exceptional courtesy, forms a flattering opinion of himself. Even the rude Sobakevich said: “A nice man.”

The ability to deal with people and skillful conversation are Chichikov’s proven means in all fraudulent operations. He knows how to talk to whom. He conducts a conversation with Manilov in a sweetly polite tone, saying that “a pleasant conversation is better than a great dish.” He easily obtains dead souls from him for free, and even leaves the costs of drawing up the deed of sale to the owner. He does not stand on ceremony at all in his conversation with the club-headed Korobochka, he intimidates with shouts and gives only 15 rubles for all the dead, lying that he will come for flour, cereals and other foodstuffs.

He conducts a casual, cheeky conversation with the broken fellow Nozdryov and deftly extricates himself from all offers of exchange. Chichikov talks cautiously with the kulak landowner Sobakevich, calls the dead peasants non-existent and forces Sobakevich to greatly reduce the price he asked for.

Chichikov is respectfully polite to Plyushkin, he says that he decided to help him and show his personal respect. He cleverly pretended to be a compassionate person and received from him 78 souls for only 32 kopecks each.

Meetings with landowners show Chichikov’s exceptional persistence in achieving his goal, ease of transformation, extraordinary resourcefulness and energy, which hide the prudence of a predatory nature behind external softness and grace.

And now Chichikov is again among the city officials. He charms everyone with “the pleasantness of his secular address”, “some kind of compliment, very decent, to the governor’s wife.” All the ladies in the city are crazy about him. However, Nozdryov destroys all his plans. “Well, that’s it,” he thought to himself, “there’s no point in dawdling anymore, we need to get out of here as quickly as possible.”

So, “here is our hero in full view. What he is! - Gogol concludes. Chichikov appears before the readers alive. We see both Chichikov’s appearance and inner world. At first glance, there is something indefinite about him, this is “the gentleman is not handsome, but not of bad appearance, not too fat, not too thin; One cannot say that one is old, but one cannot say that one is too young.” We see a sedate, courteous, well-dressed man, always neat and clean, shaved and smoothed, but in what blatant contradiction is his appearance with his inner world! Gogol masterfully, in one phrase, gives him full description: “It’s most fair to call him the owner-acquirer,” and then the author speaks about him simply and harshly: “Scoundrel.”

A character like Chichikov’s could only arise in the conditions of the formation of capitalist relations, when entrepreneurs put everything on the line for the sake of profit and enrichment. Chichikov is a type of bourgeois businessman-acquirer who does not disdain any means to enrich himself.

Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky also noted the broad typicality of Chichikov. “The same Chichikovs,” he wrote, “only in a different dress: in France and England they do not buy up dead souls, but bribe living souls in free parliamentary elections!”

This knight of the “money bag” is terrible, disgusting, building his well-being on misfortunes large number people: mass epidemics, natural disasters, wars - everything that sows destruction and death, all this plays into the hands of Chichikov.