The limitations of man in fiction. The problem of human limitations. Words from one thematic group

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To bring us to how the author himself sees the solution to the problem, he several times refers to the image of a miner working in “a certain space surrounded by thicknesses of impenetrable black stone.” This is his limitation. But another, less experienced miner is working nearby, and his limitations are greater.

Likewise, the limited number of people who have read a certain number of books is relative. There is no person who has read all the books, there is no “sage who knows as much as humanity knows.” Even such learned men as Aristotle, Archimedes, Leonardo da Vinci did not possess such knowledge, the “capsule” of which was close to the “capsule” of all humanity and, perhaps, even coincided with it.”

Consequently, the author concludes, “everyone can be said to be a limited person.” Limitedness is a relative concept. You can have a lot of specific knowledge and be a limited person. And you can meet a person who is not armed with a whole arsenal of precise knowledge, but with a breadth and clarity of ideas about the outside world.

V. Soloukhin’s point of view is quite clear to me, I cannot but agree with it. I think the ability to see the world not only within the framework of one’s own idea of it, but somehow more broadly, taking into account the vision of other people, is a special gift. I would like to add that it is good when a person is able to notice his “boundaries”.

This is the first step towards their expansion. And only the person himself can take this step. Any “help” from outside is usually not accepted. It still seems to me that every person can follow this path, if, of course, he has such a need.

In Russian classical literature one can find images of people who can be called limited, but there are heroes who are aware of their limitations and strive to expand their horizons. An example of images of people of the first type can, I think, be Chichikov from N.V. Gogol’s poem “Dead Souls”.

His little world is limited by the need to become richer. He follows his father’s behest: “And most of all, take care of the penny, a penny will ruin everything.” Aren’t Khlestakov, Skvoznik-Dmukhanovsky, Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky and other characters from Gogol’s “The Inspector General” narrow-minded people?!

Let's remember another Russian hero classical literature. Evgeny Bazarov in I. S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” strives to expand his knowledge; he is busy with science. But at the same time, we can call this hero a limited person: he does not recognize the beauty of nature, considers reading fiction a useless activity, claims that “Raphael is not worth a penny”... We know that this side of Bazarov’s worldview is wrong.

In Lyudmila Ulitskaya’s novel “The Kukotsky Case” there are reflections similar to what V. Soloukhin wrote about: “A profession is a point of view. A professional sees one piece of life very well and may not see other things that do not concern his profession.” But Ulitskaya herself emphasizes that one cannot limit oneself only to professional knowledge, the main thing is to always remain human.

Yes, a person cannot know everything, he is really limited in some ways, but one must strive to expand one’s horizons, and not consider oneself better and smarter than others. Then it will hardly occur to anyone to call you a limited person.

Essay on the topic “Limited Man” updated: October 4, 2019 by: Scientific Articles.Ru

To the hero of the story V.G. Korolenko " Blind musician", Peter, born blind, had to go through many obstacles on the path to happiness. The inability to see the light and the beauty of the surrounding world upset him, but he imagined it thanks to his sensitive perception of sounds.

At different points in history, people have had different attitudes towards people with disabilities. For example, in Sparta, newborn children with physical disabilities were killed.

In the esoteric thriller “The Fool’s Path,” S. Sekorisky writes that “physically strong by nature are rarely smart, since their mind is replaced by fists.”

The famous Russian writer and publicist V. Soloukhin writes in one of his essays that limitation is a relative concept. The space unknown to man is so vast that all of humanity as a whole can be considered limited.

Convincing proof of the validity of V. Soloukhin’s opinion can be the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". Pavel Petrovich Kirsanov was a very smart man with a huge life experience. But still, his knowledge was limited and gave rise to many contradictions.

*The brilliant psychiatrist A. Adler believed that this complex “is even useful, because a person, solving his problems, is forced to improve.”

* F. Iskander in the essay “Soul and Mind” writes that humanity can be divided into “wretched” and “beasts”. The fate of the former is to do good during a short life, since “they are doomed to perish.” The second has no choice but to admit loyalty life position“poor” and return back to the shell of self-defense.

* N. Gumilev in the poem “Excerpt” wrote:

Christ said: the poor are blessed,

The fate of the blind, the crippled and the poor is enviable,

I will take them to the villages above the stars,

I'll make them knights of the sky

And I will call them the most glorious of the glorious...

The problem of the moral health of the nation

*Famous writer and publicist V.P. Astafiev wrote in one of his essays that the moral health of the nation depends on each of us. People must understand that there is no need to look for the causes of vices on the outside. The fight against drunkenness, lies, etc. in society must begin with eradicating such things in oneself.

The problem of fathers and children

*Modern publicist A.K. Perevozchikova believes that the constant repetition of the generational conflict is inevitable. The reason most often lies in the fact that young people are trying to deny the experience accumulated by their fathers. The older generation should adopt a position of greater compromise due to the fact that they are better able to analyze the situation, since they have more life experience and more information about similar situations in human history.

* The problem of relationships between generations is one of the most important in the novel by I.S. Turgenev "Fathers and Sons". Generation change is always a complex and not painless process. “Children” receive from their “fathers” the entire spiritual experience of humanity as an inheritance. In this case, a certain revaluation of values occurs. Experience is reimagined. In the novel, the rejection of the experience of the “fathers” is embodied in Bazarov’s nihilism.

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The problem of defining the concept of limitation in his text is considered by V.A. Soloukhin, poet, prose writer, and publicist.

The author, reflecting on the problem, writes that a person who has read a hundred books considers those who have read twenty books to be limited people. He wonders: what will this person say to someone who has read a thousand? In addition, the narrator compares the most experienced miner, who has spent his entire life underground, and a less experienced miner, who has an idea of the external, above-ground world. By this he wants to say that each person is limited in his knowledge or in his idea of the world.

A person cannot limit himself to any one area of knowledge; he must be able to pay attention various issues, only then is a broad understanding of the reality around us possible.

The problem of defining the concept of limitation was considered by many Russian writers and cultural figures. The hero of A.P. Chekhov’s story “The Man in a Case,” teacher Belikov, lives by prohibitions, practically isolated from the world. He has a narrow circle of interests, he is afraid of everything that does not correspond to what is written in the circulars. Belikov has nothing to talk about with other people, he goes to visit only to sit in silence and leave.

It is symbolic that he teaches Greek, which is considered dead.

As a second argument, I would like to cite the example of I. S. Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons.” Evgeniy Bazarov is busy scientific activity, strives to expand his knowledge. Paying attention to science, he does not pay any attention to such things as love and art. This is its limitation. The theory of nihilism is erroneous, because it denies the things necessary for a full life.

In conclusion, I would like to note that a person needs to expand his horizons, and then he will live a full and rich life.

Text No. 44 According to V. Soloukhin. We sometimes say about other people: “ limited man»

(1) We sometimes say about other people: “Limited person.” (2) But what could this definition mean? (3) Each person is limited in his knowledge or in his idea of the world. (4) Humanity as a whole is also limited.

(5) Let us imagine a miner who has developed a certain space around himself in a coal seam, surrounded by thicknesses of impenetrable black stone. (6) These are his limitations. (7) Each person in the invisible, but nevertheless impenetrable layer of the world and life has developed around himself a certain space of knowledge. (8) He is, as it were, in a capsule, surrounded by a boundless, mysterious world. (9) The “capsules” are different in size, because one knows more and the other knows less. (10) A person who has read a hundred books arrogantly says about someone who has read twenty books: “A limited person.” (11) But what will he say to the one who read a thousand? (12) And, I think, there is no person who would read all the books.

(13) Several centuries ago, when the information side of human knowledge was not so extensive, there were scientists whose “capsule” was close to the “capsule” of all humanity and, perhaps, even coincided with it: Aristotle, Archimedes, Leonardo da Vinci ... (14) Now such a sage who would know as much as humanity knows as such cannot be found. (15) Therefore, we can say about everyone that he is a limited person. (16) But it is very important to separate knowledge and ideas. (17) To clarify my point, I return to our miner in the coal seam.

(18) Let us assume, conditionally and theoretically, that some of the miners were born there, underground, and never crawled out. (19) They haven’t read books, have no information, no idea about the external, beyond (located beyond their slaughter) world. (20) So he has developed a rather vast space around himself and lives in it, thinking that the world is limited to his slaughter. (21) Another, less experienced miner, whose mined-out space is smaller, also works underground. (22) That is, he is more limited by his slaughter, but he has an idea of the external, terrestrial world: he swam in the Black Sea, flew on an airplane, picked flowers... (23) The question is, which of the two is more limited?

(24) That is, I want to say that you can meet a learned person with great specific knowledge and soon become convinced that he is, in essence, a very limited person. (25) And you can meet a person who is not armed with a whole arsenal of precise knowledge, but with a breadth and clarity of ideas about outside world.

(According to V. Soloukhin)

1)		comparative turnover
2)	parcellation
3)	rows of homogeneous members
4)	irony
5)	metaphor
6)	individual author's words
7)	interrogative sentences
8)	dialectism
9)	Epithet Answers 7359 ???? 1 PROBLEM

Main problems:

1. The problem of human limitations. What kind of person can be considered limited?

1. Limitedness is a relative concept. A person can have a lot of concrete knowledge and remain limited if he does not have a clear understanding of the external world. At the same time, the space unknown to man is so vast that every person and humanity as a whole can be considered limited.

What kind of person can we call limited - this is the problem raised by V. Soloukhin in the text.

The author, discussing which of us is limited in our knowledge or in our understanding of the world, draws an interesting parallel. He believes that nowadays it is impossible to find a sage who would know everything, as it was in the times of Aristotle, Archimedes, Leonardo da Vinci, because the volume of human knowledge has grown immeasurably. So, everyone these days can be called a “limited” person? Yes. But one, according to V. Soloukhin, is limited by knowledge of a topic that interests only him, but the other, “not armed with a whole arsenal of accurate knowledge,” will have a broad and clear idea of the outside world.
V. Soloukhin believes that a “limited person” is one who is isolated in the study of only one science, not noticing anything other than it.

Sasha Cherny."Books"
There is a bottomless box of the world -

From Homer down to us.

To know at least Shakespeare,

It takes a year for smart eyes.

Quotes

1. We can as much as we know (Heraclitus, ancient Greek philosopher).

2. Not every change is development (ancient philosophers).

3. We were civilized enough to build a machine, but too primitive to use it (K. Kraus, German scientist).

4. We left the caves, but the cave has not yet left us (A. Regulsky).

5. Jack London. Martin Eden

Limited minds only notice limitations in others.

D. London "Martin Eden"

The main character of the novel of the same name American writer Jack London Martin Eden - a working guy, a sailor, coming from the lower classes, about 21 years old, meets Ruth Morse - a girl from a wealthy bourgeois family. Ruth begins to teach the semi-literate Martin the correct pronunciation. English words and awakens his interest in literature. Martin learns that magazines pay decent fees to the authors who publish in them, and firmly decides to make a career as a writer, earn money and become worthy of his new acquaintance, with whom he has fallen in love. Martin is putting together a self-improvement program, working on his language and pronunciation, and reading a lot of books. Iron health and unbending will move him towards his goal. In the end, having gone through a long and thorny path, after numerous refusals and disappointments, he becomes famous writer. (Then he becomes disillusioned with literature, his beloved, people in general and life, loses interest in everything and commits suicide. This is just in case. An argument in favor of the fact that fulfilling a dream does not always bring happiness)

6. Jack London.

I am simply timid when I see my human limitations, which prevent me from covering all sides of the problem, especially when we're talking about about the fundamental problems of life.

It was an eternal tragedy - when narrow-mindedness seeks to guide the path of the true mind, broad and alien to prejudice.

7. Miguel de Cervantes. There are people for whom knowledge of Latin does not prevent them from being ass.

8. Evgeny Zamyatin. Novel "We". I am not afraid of this word - “limitedness”: the work of the highest thing that is in a person - reason - comes down precisely to the continuous limitation of infinity, to the fragmentation of infinity into convenient, easily digestible portions - differentials. This is precisely the divine beauty of my element – mathematics.

9. M.V.Lomonosov. Evening reflection on God's Majesty...

…

A black shadow has ascended the mountains;

The rays bent away from us;

Opened abyss stars full;

To the stars numbers No, to the abyss bottom.

The early Middle Ages are commonly called the “Dark Ages.” The raids of barbarians and the destruction of ancient civilization led to a deep decline in culture. It was difficult to find a literate person not only among commoners, but also among people of the upper class. For example, the founder of the Frankish state, Charlemagne, did not know how to write. However, the thirst for knowledge is inherently human. The same Charlemagne, during his campaigns, always carried with him wax tablets for writing, on which, under the guidance of teachers, he painstakingly wrote letters.

The desire to learn new things lives in each of us, and sometimes this feeling takes over a person so much that it forces him to change. life path. Today, few people know that Joule, who discovered the law of conservation of energy, was a cook. The brilliant Faraday began his career as a peddler in a shop. And Coulon worked as an engineer on fortifications and devoted only his free time to physics. For these people, the search for something new has become the meaning of life.

Limited - SYNONYMS

silly; close; restrictive, finite, finite, one-sided, narrow, insufficient, connected, constrained, reduced; short-sighted, narrow-minded, narrow-minded; feeble-minded, narrowly professional, narrowly specific, narrowly branched, stupid, cut-down, narrow-minded, modest, compressed, local, sequestered, does not tear stars from the sky, highly specialized, sequestered, stupid, localized, limited, narrow-minded, narrow-minded, conditioned, does not invent gunpowder, short-sighted mind, small, narrowed, stupid, chicken brains, not enough stars in the sky, contingent, stupid, localized, limited, incomplete, Procrustean, infringed, reduced, not unlimited, servitude, oppressed, empty-headed, foolish, sequestered, rustic, conditional, rolled up, insignificant. Ant. wide, multifaceted, multifaceted

Problems

The problem of the relationship between the knowledge of an individual and human knowledge of the whole world.
The problem of the importance of the process of cognition in human life.

This problem has worried many generations. Even in the times of Herodotus and Homer, people thought about the universe, they realized the need for study for the development of the human personality.

Both during the golden age of Russian literature and today, many writers reveal in their works the problem of necessity scientific knowledge In human life.

An example of the inseparability of knowledge from man is the work of the Russian writer I.A. Goncharov "Oblomov" . One of the heroes of the work Andrei Stolts with early childhood persistently improved his knowledge. He developed his knowledge every minute. Understanding the world was his main goal. Thanks to his desire to uncover the secrets of the world, he became a person capable of solving any problem.
A very clear example - Evgeny Bazarov from the novel “Fathers and Sons” by I.S. Turgenev . The hero was formed as a person thanks to his thirst for knowledge; he became a man of a strong and deep mind.
Undoubtedly, a person must show a true desire and desire for knowledge, and not pretend to be a person cognizing the world, as is presented in the work D.I. Fonvizin “Undergrown” . Before society main character Mitrofanushka appears as a man thirsty for knowledge, but in reality he was simply ignorant.

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