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Venerable Savva of Storozhevsky (†1407). Venerable Sergius of Radonezh and his disciples |
Storozhevsky Savva the Rev. - (Savva of Zvenigorod) - reverend of the Russian Church, founder and first abbot of the Mother of God of the Nativity (Savvino-Storozhevsky) Monastery in Zvenigorod; Zvenigorod miracle worker. One of the most famous Russian saints, spiritual ascetic of Russia, “patron of kings” and “defender of Moscow,” healer, seer, “refuge for all sinners.” He is considered one of the “first” (in terms of time and position) disciples of St. Sergius of Radonezh. It is known that Saint Savva lived most of his life in the Trinity Monastery with Sergius of Radonezh. He was elected confessor of the Trinity brethren, including Sergius himself, and after the death of Sergius of Radonezh (1392), he was for some time abbot of the Trinity Monastery (for the period when Nikon of Radonezh, to whom St. Sergius transferred the abbotship, went into seclusion). He was the spiritual father of the widow of Prince Dmitry Donskoy - Evdokia (in monasticism - Euphrosyne) and their third son (second by right of inheritance) Yuri of Zvenigorod. The assumption that the Monk Savva could have been the abbot of the Dubensky Assumption Monastery, founded with the blessing of the Monk Sergius, is controversial, since its abbot at that time was another Savva, Stromynsky. Go, faithful prince, may the Lord be with you, helping you, and you will overcome your enemies, and by the grace of Christ you will return to your homeland in good health. (to Prince George) Storozhevsky Savva the Venerable Saint According to new information, the first construction of the wooden Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary on Mount Storozhi near Zvenigorod was carried out in the early 1390s with the blessing of Savva and under the patronage of Prince Yuri Dmitrievich, who called for him to move to his estate. Also most likely (according to the chronicles) in 1395 (and not in 1399) the Monk Savva blessed Prince Yuri for a campaign in Volga Bulgaria, which ended in complete victory and the capture of 14 cities, including the Great Bulgar, Dzhuke-Tau and Kazan. Immediately after the campaign, funds appeared for the grandiose construction that was carried out in Zvenigorod from 1396 to 1405. The foundation of the monastery on Storozhi can be dated back to the period 1396-1398. It was in the midst of construction and after the death of Vladyka Daniel of Zvenigorod, in 1398, that the Monk Savva left the Trinity Monastery and, at the invitation of Prince Yuri of Zvenigorod and Galich, came to Zvenigorod with the Smolensk Icon Mother of God. At the same time, construction is in full swing stone temple on Gorodok in the Zvenigorod Kremlin, and later (after the death of Savva) the Trinity Cathedral in the Sergius Monastery (where the relics of the saint are still located) and the Nativity Cathedral in Savvino-Storozhevsky. A young icon painter Andrei Rublev was invited to paint these churches, built in the so-called early Moscow (or it would be more correct to call it “Zvenigorod”) style. With the blessing of Savva, he created a unique Zvenigorod rank, part of which was found in 1918-1919. on Gorodok, including the famous “Spas Zvenigorodsky” (“Russian Spas”), now kept in Tretyakov Gallery). Presumably, Elder Savva could bless the Monk Andrei Rublev to create famous icon"Trinity" for Trinity Cathedral. The Monk Savva of Storozhevsky reposed on December 3 (16 according to the new style), 1407. The Zvenigorod wonderworker was revered locally, and then he was canonized on the initiative of the monastery brethren and Metropolitan Macarius at a church council in 1547. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich attached particular importance to the monastery; on January 19 (February 1), 1652, on his initiative, the relics of the abbot were discovered. During these same years, the monastery was rebuilt, appearance which has been preserved from that time to the present day. The Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery was the first in the history of Rus' to receive Lavra status. Many miracles are associated with the monastery and the name of Savva, two of which became historical. The first is Elder Savva’s rescue of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich from a bear during a hunt, and the second is the appearance of the Reverend to Napoleon Bonaparte’s stepson Eugene Beauharnais during the days of the French capture of Moscow in 1812. The last event is famous for the fact that Beauharnais, without destroying the monastery at the request of the elder, was the only one among Napoleon’s main commanders who remained alive (as Savva predicted), and his descendants became related to the Russian royal family and lived in Russia. Nowadays the monastery is in third place in terms of pilgrim attendance after the Trinity-Sergius Lavra and the Seraphim-Diveyevo Monastery. After October Revolution On March 17, 1919, the relics of Savva in the Zvenigorod monastery were opened by the VIII (liquidation) Department of the People's Commissariat of Justice and confiscated. The monastery itself was closed. Until the early 1930s, the relics of St. Savva were kept in Lubyanka, then they were transferred to Zvenigorod resident M.M. Uspensky, who bequeathed to return them to the Church. His heirs in 1985 transferred the relics to the Moscow Danilovsky Monastery, in August 1998 they were solemnly transferred to their native monastery - to the Nativity Cathedral of the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, where they are currently kept. Savva Storozhevsky - reverend of the Russian Church, founder and first abbot of the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery in Zvenigorod; Zvenigorod miracle worker. One of the most famous Russian saints, spiritual ascetic of Russia, “patron of kings” and “defender of Moscow,” healer, seer, “refuge for all sinners.” He is considered one of the “first” (in terms of time and position) disciples of St. Sergius of Radonezh. It is known that Saint Savva lived most of his life in the Trinity Monastery with Sergius of Radonezh. He was elected confessor of the Trinity brethren, including Sergius himself, and after the death of Sergius of Radonezh (1392), he became abbot of the Trinity Monastery instead (despite the will of Sergius of Radonezh in which he bequeathed the abbotship to Nikon of Radonezh). He was the spiritual father of the widow of Prince Dmitry Donskoy - Evdokia (in monasticism - Euphrosyne) and their third son (second by right of inheritance) Yuri of Zvenigorod. From his youth, having loved a pure and chaste life and rejecting the vain delights of the world, Savva came to the desert to the Monk Sergius and received monastic vows from him. Guided by his God-bearing mentor, he remained in perfect obedience to him, learning the rules of monastic life at the Trinity Monastery. Venerable Savva takes monastic vows from Saint Sergius of Radonezh The Monk Savva spent his life in strict abstinence and unceasing vigil, taking care to maintain spiritual and physical purity, which is the adornment of monastic life. The monk came to the church for the Divine service first and left after everyone else. With the fear of God, he stood in the church in prayer; in his tenderness he could not restrain himself from strong crying and sobbing, so that he surprised all the monks of the monastery. He constantly practiced church singing and reading, and in his free time from prayer and church services spent time doing some kind of handicraft, fearing idleness - the mother of vices. The ascetic loved silence and avoided conversations with others. Therefore, he seemed to everyone to be a simpleton who knew nothing, but in fact he surpassed in wisdom many who consider themselves intelligent. He was not looking for ostentatious human wisdom, but for higher, spiritual wisdom, in which he succeeded. The Monk Sergius saw better than others the successes of the Monk Savva in spiritual life and appointed him confessor to the entire brethren of the monastery. In those days, the noble prince of Moscow, Dimitri Ioannovich, defeated the infidel Tatar khan Mamai and his hordes. Having returned with joy to Moscow, Grand Duke He immediately came to the Monk Sergius at the monastery to pray and receive a blessing from him. At the same time, the prince turned to the holy elder with the following words: “Holy God! When I wanted to speak out against the infidel Mohammedans, I promised to build a monastery in the name of Holy Mother of God and set up a hostel in it. And now, honest father, with the help of the Almighty God and the Most Pure Mother of God and your prayers, our desire has been fulfilled, our adversaries have been defeated. Therefore, I pray to your reverence: try in every possible way, for the Lord’s sake, so that our vow is soon fulfilled.” The prince went to Moscow, and the Monk Sergius began to fulfill his request with zeal. He walked around many deserted places, looking for where it would be more convenient to establish a monastery. Arriving at a river called Dubenka, he found a place there that he liked very much. There St. Sergius created a church, and with it a monastery in the name of the Most Holy Theotokos, Her venerable Dormition. Soon some of the brethren came here. The monk gladly accepted them and then established a hostel here. The Monk Sergius chose Blessed Savva from among his disciples as the rector of this monastery, considering him fully capable of independent leadership of the brethren. Having prayed for him, the great ascetic blessed him and said: “May God help you, child, may he give you zeal and strength and may he guide you in all that is good and useful.” Having accepted the blessing from the holy elder, the Monk Savva began to manage the Dubno monastery. He lived a pure life here, equal to the angels; he depressed himself with fasting and vigil, ate only desert plants, refusing all nourishing and tasty food; I never wore soft clothes. He often shed heartfelt tears, lamenting his sins, and indulged in the most severe monastic deeds. Meanwhile, the brethren of the monastery began to multiply. The Monk Sava lovingly instructed them and served each one with humility and meekness. Thus the monk lived in the Dubno Monastery for more than 10 years. On September 25, 1392, the Monk Sergius reposed in the Lord. Preparing for his departure from earthly life, six months before his death he entrusted the management of the great monastery to his closest disciple, the Monk Nikon. But Nikon, after the repose of St. Sergius, first reigned over the monastery for a short time; Wanting to remain in complete silence, he soon secluded himself in a special cell. The Trinity brethren, after much prayer, elevated the Monk Savva of Dubensky to abbot. Having assumed the abbess of the Trinity-Sergius Lavra, the Monk Savva successfully managed the flock entrusted to him, assisted by the prayers of his great spiritual father and the founder of the Lavra, the Monk Sergius. An ancient legend dates back to the time of the leadership of the Monk Savva in the Lavra, the miraculous creation by his prayers of a water source outside the walls of the monastery, to the north, while the monastery was in need of water. After 6 years, the Monk Savva, seeking silence, left the management of the monastery, after which the brethren of the Sergius Lavra again elevated the Monk Nikon to the abbess. The Monk Savva remained to asceticize at the Trinity Lavra. Soon after this, the blessed Prince Georgy Dimitrievich arrived at the Trinity Monastery. Prince George was connected by spiritual ties with the Trinity Monastery. Saint Sergius was his godfather, Reverend Savva - spiritual father. Now he turned to his spiritual father with a request to visit his house and give a blessing to everyone at home. Encouraged by the prince, the Monk Savva went to him, thinking to soon return to the Sergius monastery. But the Christ-loving prince began to persistently ask venerable elder, so that he would never leave him, but so that he would build a monastery on his estate, near Zvenigorod, and abbot there. Seeing the good will of the prince, the Monk Savva did not refuse to fulfill his request. He wanted to search suitable place to build a monastery, but the prince of Zvenigorod had already chosen and chosen such a place on Mount Storozhevskaya, one and a half miles from Zvenigorod itself. This place seemed to the monk like a heavenly paradise, filled with fragrant flowers. Prayerfully falling before the venerable icon of the Most Holy Theotokos, which the ascetic carried with him, he cried out to the Intercessor: “Mistress of the world, Most Holy Theotokos! I place the hope of my salvation in You. Do not reject me, Your wretched servant, for You know the weakness of my soul. And now, Lady, look upon this place and keep it safe from enemies. Be my mentor and nurturer until the very end of my life, for I have no other hope but You.” Skeet Thus, having prayed and placed all his hope in the Mother of God, the Monk Savva settled in that place. In a short time he built a small wooden church in the name of the Most Holy Theotokos, Her honest and glorious Nativity. Not far from her he built himself a small cell. From this time on, the monk tormented his flesh even more with fasting labors and hardships, laboring in silence. Soon rumors of his holy life brought many to him, seeking a silent life, and the monk received everyone with love and was for them an example of humility and monastic labors. When enough brethren had gathered, the Monk Savva, following the model of the Trinity-Sergius Monastery that spiritually educated him, set up a hostel for them. In his relations with the brethren, he tried to imitate his great teacher, the Monk Sergius, whose precepts he kept in his heart and observed in his ascetic activity; The Monk Savva supported his orders and orders with his own example. Tradition has preserved the story about him that he himself, on his shoulders, overworked by his exploits and age, carried water up a steep mountain to the monastery, and tried to do everything he needed for himself in order to teach the brethren not to be lazy and not to waste their days in idleness. All this pleased the blessed Prince George; he had great faith in the Monk Savva, his spiritual father, and greatly revered him, patronized the newly created monastery and generously did good to it. By the grace of God and the prayers of St. Savva, the Storozhevsky monastery spread: the brotherhood increased with newcomers from neighboring cities and villages, seeking spiritual benefit and guidance in virtues. Like a loving father, the Monk Savva received everyone with love and in a fatherly manner constantly admonished them with soul-helping teachings. They, overcome by Divine love, kept the commandments of their mentor and bore the spiritual fruits of virtue. In 1399, Prince George, by order of his brother, the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily Dimitrievich, had to go to war against the Volga Bulgarians. Just before the campaign, the pious prince came to the Storozhevskaya monastery to ask his blessing for the war. spiritual father. He asked the Monk Savva to pray to the All-Merciful God, that he might give him strength against his opposing enemies. The saint prayed and, taking honest cross, overshadowed the prince and at the same time prophetically said: “Go, blessed prince, and the Lord will be with you, helping you. You will overcome your enemies and by the grace of God you will return healthy to your fatherland.” Having received the blessing from the holy elder, Prince Georgiy Dimitrievich gathered his troops and went against the Bulgarians, conquered many cities and regions and returned to his patrimony with great glory and victory, as the venerable elder prophesied. Upon returning with victory, Prince Georgiy Dimitrievich hurried to the Monk Sava thank him for his successful prayer and pray in the monastery. After thanksgiving prayer the prince said to the ascetic: “I have found in you a great prayer book and a strong helper in battles, for I clearly see that only through your prayers I defeated my enemies.” The monk humbly answered the prince: “The Good and Merciful God, seeing your pious reign and the humility of your heart and the love that you show to the poor, granted you such a victory over the infidels, for nothing can bring you closer to God than through mercy towards the poor. And if you remain merciful to them to the end, then you will acquire many good things in this life and you will be an heir to eternal blessings.” The prince made a generous donation to the monastery and established a meal for the brethren. After that, Prince George began to have even greater faith in the Monk Savva. Following this, the grateful and pious prince hastened to prove his gratitude even more clearly, diligently delivering various benefits, gifts and contributions to the monastery of St. Savva. Cells for the brethren were again built and the monastery was surrounded by a wooden fence. But the best monument labors of the Monk Savva and the charity of Prince Georgiy Dimitrievich remains existing and to this day a magnificent, majestic, extensive stone Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary , built on the site of the previous poor, inconvenient and too small wooden temple. Starting to build it, the pious prince gave the Monk Savva a lot of gold, villages and estates. The pious prince also made other rich offerings to the monastery of his spiritual father, whose holy, ascetic life he revered. Meanwhile, the humble elder excelled in virtues and spiritual gifts. While he was vigilant over others, he was even more, incessantly and unremittingly vigilant, vigilant over himself. His monastery was decorated, and the name of St. Savva was glorified everywhere around, as well as the name of the Storozhevsky monastery. Monks flocked to him from all sides, seeking guidance in spiritual life and monastic deeds. Lay people came to him asking for instruction and guidance. Fearing and running earthly glory, the Monk Savva went for his labors a mile from the monastery and there, in a deep ravine, under the shadow of a dense forest, he dug himself a cramped cave, where in complete solitude and silence, in repentance, he prayed to the Lord with tears. Prayer of Saint Sava The monk alternated prayer and contemplation of God with handicraft and, despite his advanced years, he did not cease to work for the monastery: with his own hands he dug a well under the mountain, which to this day supplies excellent water for the monastery. Cave of St. Savva of Storozhevsky Thus, growing day by day in spiritual life, the Monk Savva finally reached a ripe old age, never changing his statutory rule and having once rejected the world, he no longer cared about the worldly and vain; He never dressed in soft clothes and did not seek bodily rest, preferring a narrow and regrettable path to a long one. He loved poverty more than wealth, dishonor more than earthly glory, and endurance of sorrows more than vain joy. Finally the monk fell into a dying illness. Feeling the approach of his death, the elder called the brethren to his deathbed, taught them enough from the Divine Scriptures, urged them to maintain spiritual and physical purity, have brotherly love, adorn themselves with humility and strive in fasting and prayer, and at the same time appointed one of his own as his successor, abbot of the monastery. students named Savva. After this, having taught everyone peace and kisses, the venerable died December 3, 1407 . The brethren of the Storozhevsky Monastery shed many tears, having lost their “nurse and teacher.” The news of the blessed death of the Monk Sava quickly spread throughout the surrounding area and attracted to the monastery many reverent admirers of him from monastics and lay people. Princes, boyars and residents of Zvenigorod gathered for the funeral. The grief was universal; everyone went to the burial, as if to the burial of their father. Many brought their sick people to the saint’s tomb. Body of St. Savva was buried in the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, built under him, on the right side. Relics of St. Savva of Storozhevsky Reliquary with the incorruptible relics of St. Savva of Storozhevsky The incorrupt relics of the saint of God were discovered almost two and a half centuries after his death, during the reign of the most pious Alexy Mikhailovich, in 1652. The discovery of the holy and incorruptible relics of St. Sava was caused by numerous wondrous healings and miracles that took place at the tomb and through his prayerful intercession. The closest reason for the discovery of the relics of St. Savva, according to the ancient legend existing in the Storozhevsky Monastery, was appearance of the saint of God to Tsar Alexy himself . During one of his visits to the monastery, Alexy Mikhailovich went hunting in the surrounding Zvenigorod forests. When his retinue scattered through the forest to find the bear’s lair and he was left alone, a bear suddenly ran out of the forest thicket and rushed at him. The king, seeing the impossibility of defending himself, doomed himself to certain death. Suddenly an old man appeared near him, and with his appearance the beast fled from the king. Asked about his name, the elder replied that his name was Savva and that he was a monk of the Storozhevsky monastery. At this time, some of his retinue gathered to the king, and the elder went to the monastery. Returning to the monastery, Alexy Mikhailovich asked the archimandrite about the monk Savva, thinking that he was some ascetic still unknown to him who had settled in the monastery. The archimandrite answered the king that there was not a single monk in the monastery with the name of Savva. Then the king, looking at the image of the monk, realized that it was himself, and ordered a prayer service to be served and the coffin to be examined in order to prepare the holy relics of the venerable Savva for the grand opening. Many other miracles and appearances of the saint of God preceded the discovery of his relics. Solemn the discovery of the relics of St. Sava took place on January 19, 1652 in the presence of the sovereign Alexy Mikhailovich himself, his wife Tsarina Maria Ilyinichna, All-Russian Patriarch Joasaph, Novgorod Metropolitan Nikon, later the famous All-Russian Patriarch, and countless people not only from Zvenigorod, its environs and the entire Moscow district, but also from distant cities and the entire great Russian land. The relics of St. Savva were found incorrupt after a 245-year stay in damp earth and placed in an oak tomb on the right side of the cathedral, at the southern gate leading to the altar of the Church of the Nativity of the Mother of God of the monastery. Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, Zvenigorod And after the discovery of the holy incorruptible relics of the Monk Sava, many miracles were performed at his tomb. And to this day God preserves the Storozhevskaya monastery through the prayerful intercession of its founder, the Venerable Savva, and from his holy relics miracles flow from those who call with faith and love holy name him into grace-filled help and intercession. Prayer to Saint Sava
Troparion, tone 8
Monastery of St. Savva of Storozhevsky (2007)
The Monk Savva of Storozhevsky, Zvenigorod, left the world in his early youth, taking monastic vows from the Monk Sergius of Radonezh, and was one of his first students and associates. The monk loved a silent life, avoided conversations with people and remained in constant work, crying about the poverty of his soul, remembering the judgment of God. The Monk Savva was for all people an image of simplicity and humility; he acquired such deep spiritual wisdom that even “in the monastery of Sergius he was the confessor of the entire brotherhood, a venerable elder and very teaching.” When Grand Duke Dimitri Donskoy, in gratitude for the victory over Mamai, built the monastery of the Dormition of the Mother of God on the Dubenka River, Savva became its abbot, with the blessing of St. Sergius. Maintaining the simplicity of his ascetic life, he ate only plant foods, wore rough clothes, and slept on the floor. Rev. Savva Storozhevsky. Icon and Life In 1392, the brethren of the Sergius Lavra, after the removal of Abbot Nikon to silence, begged the Monk Savva to accept the abbess at the monastery. Here he “kindly shepherds the flock entrusted to him, as much as he could and as much as his father, Blessed Sergius, prayed to help him.” Tradition dates back to the time of his abbess the creation of a water source outside the walls of the Lavra. Prince Yuri Dimitrisvich of Zvenigorod treated St. Savva with great love and respect, godson Venerable Sergius. He chose the Monk Savva as his confessor and begged him to come and give a blessing to his house. The monk hoped to return to his monastery, but the prince begged him to stay and found a new monastery “in his fatherland, near Zvenigorod, where there is a place called Storozhi.” Striving for a solitary and silent life, the monk accepted the offer of the Zvenigorod prince Yuri Dimitrievich and before the icon of the Mother of God with tears he asked for Her protection in a deserted place. On Mount Storozhevskaya, where the guards who guarded Moscow from enemies were once located, he founded a small wooden church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1377), and not far from it he erected a small cell for himself. In 1399, the monk established a monastery here, lovingly receiving all those seeking a silent life. The Monk Savva worked a lot in establishing his monastery. He himself dug a well under the mountain, from where he carried water on his shoulders, surrounded the monastery with a wooden fence, and a mile away, in a ravine, he dug himself a cell for silent living. In 1399, the monk blessed his spiritual son, Prince Yuri, who was leaving for a military campaign, and predicted his victory over his enemies. Through the prayers of the holy elder, the prince's troops were granted a quick victory. Through the labors of the Monk Sava, a stone cathedral church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary was built in the monastery. Veneration of the monk by local residents began immediately after his death. Miraculous healing power flowing from the saint’s tomb, his numerous appearances convinced everyone that Abbot Savva “is truly a never-setting luminary of Divine light, illuminating miracles with the rays of all.” In a charter of 1539, the Monk Savva is called a miracle worker. He was especially honored by Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, who repeatedly went on foot to worship at the monastery of the saint. Tradition has preserved for us a wonderful story about how the Monk Savva saved him from a ferocious bear. As the life of the Monk Savva, compiled in the 16th century, tells, at the end of the 15th century (1480 - 1490) to the abbot of the Savvinsky monastery Dionysius after evening rules The elder appeared and turned to him: “Dionysius! Get up and paint my face on the icon.” When asked by Dionysius who he was, the one who appeared answered: “I am Savva, the head of this place.” The old elder of the monastery, Avvakum, who saw the saint in his youth, described the appearance of the saint. This is exactly how he appeared to Abbot Dionysius, who fulfilled the command and painted an icon of the Monk Sava. The celebration of St. Savva was established in 1547, at the Moscow Council. On January 19, 1652, the incorruptible relics of the saint were found. (1407-12-16 ) | |
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Biography
It is known that Saint Savva lived most of his life in the Trinity Monastery with Sergius of Radonezh. He was elected confessor of the Trinity brethren, including Sergius himself, and after the death of Sergius of Radonezh (), he was for some time abbot of the Trinity Monastery (for the period when Nikon of Radonezh, to whom St. Sergius transferred the abbotship, went into seclusion). He was the spiritual father of the widow of Prince Dmitry Donskoy - Evdokia (in monasticism - Euphrosyne) and their third son (second by right of inheritance) Yuri of Zvenigorod. The assumption that the Monk Savva could have been the abbot of the Dubensky Assumption Monastery, founded with the blessing of the Monk Sergius, is controversial, since its abbot at that time was another Savva, Stromynsky.
According to new information, the first construction of the wooden Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary on Mount Storozhi near Zvenigorod was carried out in the early 1390s with the blessing of Savva and under the patronage of Prince Yuri Dmitrievich, who called for him to move to his estate. Also most likely (according to the chronicles) in 1395 (and not in 2005) the Monk Savva blessed Prince Yuri for a campaign in Volga Bulgaria, which ended in complete victory and the capture of 14 cities, including the Great Bulgar, Dzhuke-Tau and Kazan. Immediately after the campaign, funds appeared for grandiose construction, which was carried out in Zvenigorod from 1396 to 1405. The foundation of the monastery on Storozhi can be dated back to the period 1396-1398. It was in the midst of construction and after the death of Vladyka Daniel of Zvenigorod, in 1398, that the Monk Savva left the Trinity Monastery and, at the invitation of Prince Yuri of Zvenigorod and Galich, came to Zvenigorod with the Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God. At the same time, the construction of a stone church on Gorodok in the Zvenigorod Kremlin is in full swing, and later (after the death of Savva) the Trinity Cathedral in the Sergius Monastery (where the relics of the saint are still located) and the Nativity Cathedral in Savvino-Storozhevsky. A young icon painter Andrei Rublev was invited to paint these temples, built in the so-called early Moscow (or it would be more correct to call it “Zvenigorod”) style. With the blessing of Savva, he created a unique Zvenigorod rank, part of which was found in 1918-1919. on Gorodok, including the famous “Spas Zvenigorodsky” (“Russian Spas”, now kept in the Tretyakov Gallery). Presumably, Elder Savva could bless the Monk Andrei Rublev to create the famous “Trinity” icon for the Trinity Cathedral.
The Monk Savva of Storozhevsky reposed on December 3 (16 according to the new style), 1407. The Zvenigorod wonderworker was revered locally, and then he was canonized on the initiative of the monastery brethren and Metropolitan Macarius at a church council in 1547. Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich attached particular importance to the monastery; on January 19 (February 1), 1652, on his initiative, the relics of the abbot were found. During these same years, the monastery was rebuilt, the appearance of which has been preserved from that time to the present day. The Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery was the first in the history of Rus' to receive Lavra status.
Miracles and veneration
Many miracles are associated with the monastery and the name of Sava, two of which (posthumous) became historical. The first is the rescue of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich from a bear by the Reverend Savva during a hunt, and the second is the appearance of the Reverend to Napoleon Bonaparte's stepson Eugene Beauharnais during the days of the French capture of Moscow in 1812. The last event is famous for the fact that Beauharnais, without destroying the monastery at the request of the elder, was the only one among Napoleon’s main commanders who remained alive (as Savva predicted), and his descendants became related to the Russian royal family and lived in Russia. Nowadays, the monastery ranks third in terms of pilgrim attendance after the Trinity-Sergius Lavra and the Seraphim-Diveyevo Monastery.
A monument to St. Savva was unveiled at the entrance to the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery in Zvenigorod in August 2007.
Literature
- Kovalev K. P. Savva Storozhevsky. Biography: facts and myths, legends and hypotheses. ZhZL series. M.: Young Guard, 2007. (New information and dating. 2nd edition: M., 2008).
- Kovalev K.P. Zvenigorod and Zvenigorod Rus'. Treasures of the Moscow region civilization. M.: Veche, 2009.
- Averyanov K. A. Rev. Savva Storozhevsky: “blank spots” of the biography // Bulletin of Church History. 2006. No. 4. pp. 212–2120.
Links
- Life of St. Savva (XVI century, author - Markell Bezborody) translated into modern Russian language
Categories:
- Personalities in alphabetical order
- Died December 16
- Died in 1407
- Saints by alphabet
- Russian Orthodox saints
- Christian saints of the 15th century
- Reverends of the Russian Church
- Canonized in the 16th century
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- (Zvenigorodsky), abbot (12/3/1406), in his early youth he left the world, took monastic vows from St. Sergius of Radonezh and was one of his first students and associates. He loved a silent life, avoided conversations with people, was in constant... ... Russian history
Savva Storozhevsky- Zvenigorod (d. 1406) holy venerable (memoried January 19/February 1 and December 3/16), abbot, disciple of St. Sergius of Radonezh. At the request of Prince Yuri of Zvenigorod, he founded a monastery near Zvenigorod on Storozhevskaya Mountain, abbot... ... Orthodox encyclopedic dictionary
Savva Storozhevsky, Zvenigorodsky- (d. 1406) venerable, abbot, disciple of St. Sergius of Radonezh. At the request of Prince Yuri of Zvenigorod, he founded a monastery near Zvenigorod on Storozhevskaya Mountain, of which he served as abbot for 30 years. Memory January 19 (February 1) and 3 (16) ... Orthodoxy. Dictionary-reference book
Venerable Savva Storozhevsky (Zvenigorodsky)- The Russian Orthodox Church celebrates the memory of St. Savva Storozhevsky on December 16 (December 3, old style), the day of his repose, and February 1 (January 19, old style), the day of the discovery of his relics. Rev. Savva Storozhevsky... ... Encyclopedia of Newsmakers
Savva Storozhevsky (icon, 19th century) died on December 16, 1407 and is venerated in the Russian Orthodox Church... Wikipedia
Y, male. Report: Savvich, Savvichna. Derivatives: Savvushka; Sava; Ava.Origin: (Aram. saba elder, grandfather)Name days: January 25, January 27, February 1, February 21, March 15, April 10, April 12, April 15, April 28, May 7, June 26, July 21, Aug. 2, Aug. 9, Sept. 9,… … Dictionary of personal names
They pray for strengthening faith, humility, ascetic work, piety, preservation of virginity, and healing for illnesses.
The wonderworker Savva was devout from childhood and loved Jesus Christ. Growing up, he made a decision and went to Sergius of Radonezh to become a monk.
Having become a monk, the Monk Savva strove to go to heaven, in an effort to please God, he performed pious deeds and fought temptations. Monk Savva did not seem particularly wise, although in fact he was superior to many in wisdom. He was the first to come to church and the last to leave. During the services, the monk could become emotional and cry, which greatly touched the other monks. Sometimes he could even roar, and the abbots glorified him as the Benefactor of God.
Because of his wise advice and his spirituality, Saint Sava was respected in the community. Thanks to this, he was appointed confessor of the brethren. Later he was asked to temporarily replace the abbot of the Trinity Monastery.
With his godly deeds, Savva earned himself a good reputation and the respect of the princes. Prince Georgy Dmitrievich was a very pious man. One day he came to Savva at the monastery of St. Sergius and asked him to build a monastery on his lands. Savva agreed to the proposal and left the monastery of St. Sergius and settled on the deserted Mount Storozhe. The mountain was located at the top of the Moscow River, near the city of Zvenigorod, approximately 50 km from the capital Moscow. He chose this mountain to found the monastery. He had to endure a lot on this mountain. He was lonely, he experienced cold and heat. But he didn't stay alone for long. The fame of the Monk Savva spread for many kilometers and people and monks came to him from each side. They wanted to see Savva as their superior in spiritual life. The monk could not refuse anyone and carried out any and even the most difficult work on an equal basis with everyone else. Through his work, he tried to instill in everyone a love of work and destroy laziness, which is one of the main vices of all humanity.
Having learned about this, the devout Prince Georgy Dmitrievich allocated money for the construction of the temple. The Monk Savva built a temple in honor of the great Birth of the Mother of God and founded a beautiful and comfortable monastery for monks. Savva became an excellent abbot, people came to him for advice and help, and he did not refuse anyone, further strengthening their faith.
The life of the Monk Sava consisted of deeds pleasing to God, and for this the Lord gave him the gift of prediction. During the war against the Bulgars in 1399, Prince George's brother ordered him to go to battle. Before leaving, Prince George came to the elder for a blessing. Savva received him in his monastery and listened. Having prayed, the monk gave a blessing and predicted victory for the prince over his enemy.
The prince, having listened to the elder, accepted the army and feeling that the Lord would not leave him and would help him, he set off. Battles with enemies were fought for three months, and in all battles George was victorious. After his return, Prince George immediately rushed to the monastery of Sava and prayed to the Lord for a long time. He prayed with the prayers of the saint and gave thanks for the victory and the lives saved.
In his old age, the monk was overcome by illness. I had a presentiment of his departure, he gathered all the monks and talked with them for a long time. He taught them righteousness and pious actions. He told us how important it is to fast, how important it is to strengthen your faith with prayers and to leave your worldly body clean and unblemished. Afterwards, he chose one of his novices and appointed him as abbot of the monastery in his place. He ordered the rest to be obedient and submissive.
Everyone immediately learned that the Monk Savva had left this world. Ordinary parishioners and many monks from other monasteries came to the funeral, and noble families also came. After the funeral service, he was buried in the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, which he himself built.
To this day, his incorruptible, miraculous relics provide healing and help to those in need. The miraculous relics of St. Sava were found for the first time on February 1, 1652. The second time this took place on August 23, 1998. In 1847, a new cover was built, and on July 30, the transfer of the miraculous relics of Savva to where they are located to this day is celebrated.
On the day of veneration, December 16, he is asked to strengthen faith, for integrity, for righteousness and for the healing of the sick.
The miraculous relics of St. Savva are located in the Savvino-Storozhevsky Monastery, Moscow region, Zvenigorod.
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