As before, media culture continues to play a leading role in the formation, spread and diversity of youth subcultures. On modern stage she also plays a dual role, but this role is different from the previous one. In addition, media culture itself directly gives rise to new, previously unknown and even impossible varieties of youth subcultures. And modern youth subcultures of the 21st century are no longer so oppressive.

We are talking about the so-called gamers, hackers, bloggers.

Modern youth subcultures of the 21st century:

At first glance, the named groups are difficult: they do not have such expressive external signs and behavior like hippies, punks, goths, emo or skinheads, etc. But the absence of external manifestations in cyber subcultures will not prevent us from seeing modern, new youth subcultures in these social layers.

Representatives of cyber subcultures do not have the same ideological orientation as white skinheads or a romantic worldview like the Goths, but a behavioral orientation towards virtuality, mediated by multimedia technologies, to a greater or lesser extent means a departure from real life, a tendency towards self-realization not in the traditional (virtual) one. form, slang language, specific interests, isolation of oneself, one’s group of like-minded people from the public, certain status relations, etc. point to them precisely as a subculture.

Cyber ​​subcultures, accordingly, have characteristic features. First of all, this is multimedia competence. Often these groups are precisely leisure subcultures. Let us recall, for example, rockers and bikers, whose representatives in life can engage in activities usual for society, but in their leisure time (rock concert, bike rally) they profess other values, realize interests and ideas that differ from traditional ones, and, so to speak, release a share of their essence.

Likewise, for example, bloggers or hackers: in real life they can do ordinary things, but assert themselves, declare and implement their ideas through Internet technologies - in virtual reality. And here it is appropriate to recall the next sign of cyber subcultures - the inconsistency of their manifestation.

If the behavior/activity of groups of white skinheads, professing national-racist views or football fans with an orientation towards fights and riots in stadiums, is clearly antisocial, and the behavior of emo, goths is antisocial, then the activities of the same bloggers themselves can be both constructive and destructive .

So, we can state that the subcultures of youth at the beginning of the third millennium differ significantly from the subcultures of the second half of the 20th century. And not only in form, functions, ideas and goals, but also in the method of education, determined by means mass communication, which in different times influenced their appearance in different ways.

Summarizing all that has been said, we can say that media culture is a natural result of development general culture of humanity, mediated by the technical development of mass media, broadly covers the production and consumption of media products and is closely related to popular culture through its value system, it forms, maintains the existence and gives rise to new subcultures, and youth subcultures in particular.

Subcultures, as a sociocultural phenomenon, have always been, are and will be, because their emergence is determined by objective psychological and social factors. In our opinion, they are precisely the social broth from which new forms of socio-cultural groups are born.

It is traditionally believed that youth subcultures distract young people from solving problems of society, their own, and provoke them, bringing them into the ranks of unusual, non-traditional groups(small social groups). But today you can hear a slightly different opinion about subcultures, not so clear and negatively colored.

If the main function of youth subcultures is socialization young man into society and the formation of oneself as an individual at a certain stage of development, then youth subcultures, in particular, can be treated as various forms of manifestation of a person’s knowledge of the world and his place in it. Youth subcultures are a stepping stone towards the individual development of a young being as a member of a mini-society.

To summarize, we can say that media culture, as a social phenomenon of information production and consumption, significantly influences the formation of youth subcultures.

Along with the social and psychological reasons that determine the emergence and spread of youth mini-societies, media culture plays a very important role, which is to disseminate information about the emergence of informal youth movements.

Let's watch the video - a friendly festival of modern subcultures.

Modern youth subcultures of the 21st century

Modern subcultures youth of the 21st century Modern subcultures of youth of the 21st century Modern subcultures of youth of the 21st century

Event for Knowledge Day on the topic:

« Youth subcultures of the 21st century." Grade 10

Target : Convince students that gang activity has a negative impact on others.

Progress of the event.

Slide No. 1. Name

Teacher : We often hear these words now: skinheads, hippies, punks, and so on. Some think, some don’t: “After all, this doesn’t concern me.” But we all meet strangely dressed young people on the street, with strange hairstyles and behavior. They always cause a feeling of fear and discomfort; you expect something bad from them. Probably not without reason.

Historically, in Russian - European culture black color symbolizes evil, death, a frightening other world, remember the colors of mourning robes, the clothes of black magicians, the color of the uniform of soldiers of the SS group - an elite unit of the fascist army.

For example, a shaved head has long been a sign of a professional warrior, since long hair is a dangerous obstacle in hand-to-hand combat, and therefore it is not surprising that it is still perceived by most people as a sign of potential aggression.

Many teenagers themselves do not understand the meaning of the symbols they use. They see a person in front of them with a comb on their head or a shaved head, and they have conflicting thoughts.

The subcultures of hippies, skinheads and others were created as a protest of young people against some phenomena in society and the state. Representatives of these subcultures demonstrated their uniqueness not only through their philosophy and behavior, but also through external attributes, as if saying: “We are not like everyone else, we are special.”

I believe that every person should know at least a little, in general terms, what a subculture is. Informals live among us, and they are people like us, just with their own hobbies, maybe even oddities. By understanding subcultures, you will understand who you need to fear and avoid, who you shouldn’t be influenced by, and who, on the contrary, is very interesting to communicate with. Every subculture has different people. Some are bad, some are good, some were forced by life to become part of the underground, and some went there on purpose. Every year, more and more teenagers become informals; your friend, child, neighbor can join any of the movements...

Let's look at the history of each group, and find out what each group brings, positive or negative, for the younger generation.

Slide No. 2 -3 diagrams

On the slide I presented some of the most popular subcultures among young people your age.

1. Musical subculture.

It is represented by 3 types: trance culture, metalheads and rockers.

(student performance)

Trance culture. Slide No. 4 trans

There is a musical direction that does not spread on TV and only Lately goes on the radio, but is not underground in pure form. It is not announced, but at the same time it easily attracts several thousand people to its events. This music is listened to and played all over the world from Japan to England, but at the same time it remains “terra incognita”. This is trance music.. The foundations of trance music were laid when completely different peoples had very similar rituals. All of them were accompanied by loud, rhythmic music and fiery flashes of a fire or torches. The goals of this process were different: to appease the gods, to mark an event in the life of the tribe, and so on. But one thing was constant: under the influence of all the actions described above, all those present fell into a trance (hence the name), became one, dancing around the fire, and this united the tribe even more. Moreover, such rituals are found among all peoples and races without exception: among the ancient Indians, and among African tribes, and among northern peoples.

The first trance parties were held, naturally, in Goa, and it was from there that some of the characteristic features of this subculture came - Indian motifs in decoration and design, fluorescent paints, aromatic incense.

The circle of trance music fans is very wide. On average, these are people from 15 to 30 years old.

The negative side of the trans movement is that its followers often use drugs for a more complete “trance” or are seriously interested in shamanism and paganism.

Metalheads.

Slide No. 5

Metalheads are one of the largest “informal” subcultures.

Once upon a time, heavy music was either the hobby of a few music lovers, or the elite entertainment of the intelligentsia... and even the momentary hobby of gopniks. Today almost everyone listens to heavy music.

The history of heavy music is primarily the history of “dirty” sound. Everyone knows that rock and roll gave birth to modern guitar music, but it is less known that until about the beginning of the 60s, guitarists did not use an overloaded sound in rock. It was believed that an electric guitar should sound like a regular guitar - just louder, richer and brighter. Any background or distortion was perceived as a defect when adjusting the sound.

Little by little, with the development of guitar and sound reinforcement technology, innovative guitarists began to experiment with the volume and frequency knobs of their instruments and “amps.” And this, in turn, led to a change in the methods of the game.

The accompanying composition of the groups also began to adapt to the new sound and techniques, then the guitar gradually came to the fore and from an inconspicuous accompanying instrument turned into the queen of the ball, sometimes even pushing aside the vocalist.

The term itself, which is often used to designate all the “heaviness”, metal, came from spheres quite distant from music. For the first time in a cultural context, the phrase heavy metal was used in the novel “Naked Lunch” (1959) by the legendary William Burroughs. He called it hard, aggressive, assertive music (the fact is that even during the Second World War, in American soldier's jargon, heavy metal meant artillery cannonade.

Their appearance is defiant, aggressive: black clothes with a lot of metal, images of skulls, blood, the inscription “Satan” on English language. Although the clothes are clean and tidy. Classic metalheads wear tight black jeans tucked into high boots or “cossacks”, leather jackets with oblique zippers - “leather jackets”, “kosovorots”, earrings in the left ear, rings with images of skulls or other black magical symbols (pentagram, skeleton, etc.) .d.) Those who are over 25 years old are engaged in serious work, as a rule, are peace-loving, although sometimes they can misbehave with those who are younger.
are well versed in musical styles not only of modern, but also classical music.

Rockers. Slide No. 5

The rocker movement first appeared in the mid-1960s in the USA and England. The rockers are mainly young people from 13 to 30 years old, dissatisfied with the foundations of society and wanting to “change the world.” Most often, these were people from dysfunctional families, deprived of the state. The rockers' clothes had an atypical appearance (for that time): a leather jacket with all kinds of badges and inscriptions, a torba (a backpack made of rough fabric, tied like a bag with a rope at the top), worn, frayed jeans.
Among rockers, both then and now, masculinity is emphasized, which was then associated with a loud voice, obscene speech and rude behavior. Rockers attached particular importance to motorcycles and driving. Those who had a more expensive motorcycle and more driving experience were considered the coolest. This leads to another subculture - bikers.
Clubs, bars and pubs were considered favorite hangouts for rockers. Rockers were very prejudiced against those subcultures that did not accept this lifestyle.

Metalheads and rockers are, in fact, one subculture. It's just that rockers listen to less “heavy” music, and there is less metal and leather in their appearance. Rocker canlook, for example, like this: jeans tucked into high boots, a black shirt and a chain suspended from a black belt.
But the rest of the musicmetal and rock have the same roots, so I thought it was possible to combine these two subcultures.

2. Antique subcultures.

Fashion slide No. 6

Mods from Modernism, Modism ) is a British youth subculture that formed in the late 1950s. among the London petty bourgeoisie and reached its peak in the mid-1960s.

Fashions chose motor scooters as transport, and there were frequent collisions with rockers and bikers (motorcycle owners). The Mods typically met in clubs and seaside resorts such as Brighton, where the infamous street clashes between rockers and Mods took place in 1964.

In the second half of the 60s. The mod movement waned and has since been revived only sporadically. At the end of the 70s. the mod style was adopted by some punk bands.
What are they wearing?
Being a Mod means having a pair of heavy boots. The most common form of Mods are bleached jeans with red suspenders, heavy red boots with steel toes. They also wear Levis in brown corduroy or khaki.
Older generation Mods prefer blue mohair suits and are often called "Suits" for this reason. This is a more dangerous breed.
Particularly frightening are Suits who wear horn-rimmed glasses, as they give a false impression that they belong to the intelligentsia.
Short hair is a must. This gives an idea of ​​their owner as an “intellectual” - the art of striking with his outstanding skull.
The language is extremely limited. They use drugs - pills and dark beer.
Musical tastes: blue beat, reggae, rocksteady and ska - it is important that you can see how you stomp your boots to these rhythms.

Rockabilly people. Slide No. 6

Everyone has their own idols. But, for example, the crowd that imitates Elvis Presley is already a separate subculture. Rockabilly musicians live in Moscow and other cities, by the standards of 1957, and perceive reality through the prism of that era. They wear clothes of those times, dance dances that appeared at that time, keep in touch with similar communities in all countries of the world...

Their clothes are, accordingly, the same as those of the musicians they imitate, so it is impossible to single out one style.

3. Leaving into another reality. Slide No. 7

Gamers.

The gamer subculture has only recently emerged. With the advent of computer games, and later the Internet, young people began to actively communicate online. Computer network games for them are an opportunity to communicate in action: together with other, often foreign, peers, complete tasks and defeat enemies. But there are also non-network games that have a purely entertainment function; there are players who literally live in this “virtual reality”. Sometimes games have a negative effect on the psyche of teenagers, but most still know when to stop. The gamer is no different in appearance from ordinary person. You can understand that your interlocutor is a gamer only when it comes to computer games, and not only computer games - now there are a lot of varieties of game consoles: “Sony consoles”, “Game Boys”, etc. The gamer will immediately shower you with unfamiliar words, the meaning of which you can try to understand if you know English. But still, gamers have their own language, which few people understand. Games not only have a negative effect on gamers - they develop reaction speed and speed of thought, perseverance and determination, even dexterity. Games over the Internet help you learn English and expand your circle of friends. Recent American studies show that gamers who came into business (respectively, quite young guys) show unprecedented results, since business for them is the same game.

Gopniks. Slide No. 7

When speaking about criminally minded youth subcultures, or rather countercultures, it is first necessary to mention the “gopniks” and “group members”. This subculture flourished in the 80s. In the mid-90s, a new generation of “Gopniks” appeared, uncontrollable organized crime or controlled by her to a lesser extent.

They quickly proved themselves to be the “cultural enemies” of most youth subcultures: bikers, ravers, roller skaters, etc. Any teenager suspected of belonging to one or another subculture can be beaten, raped, or robbed. The confrontation between youth gangs also did not become a thing of history, but only moved to the periphery

Roleplayers. Slide No. 7

All role players are different people and they have only one thing in common: the guys have great respect for a certain era (sometimes historical, but more often fictional, described in endless fantasy books). It is wrong to call all role-players Tolkienists; this movement has many directions

It all started with books. The first is stunning popular writer fantasy was Tolkien. Later, books by other authors who created beautiful fairy-tale worlds began to appear in large quantities. Sami role-playing games invented by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson. They began developing a fantasy-based gaming system in 1970.

The scheme of the game is as follows: players choose their characters (roles, in fact) and engage in them throughout the game, and the DM manages and announces how to this moment the situation in the game. The duration of the game depends on the module - some stories last for several hours, others - sometimes even for a couple of years. Each player can pursue their own goals - some just like to gradually develop their character, some want to win at any cost, and some want to kill everything that moves.

Outwardly, role-players look absolutely normal, they live like all other people, not differing from them in any way. Apart from the passion for reading fantasy and, not everyone has problems with the ability to distinguish reality from unreality, but even gamers sometimes have more problems.

4. Worldview subcultures. Slide No. 8

Rastafarians (Rastafari).

Marcus Mosiah Garvey, expelled from the United States, actively preaches the idea that Jesus Christ was black, so we should wait for the coming of a great king from Africa - the savior of the black race.

On November 2, 1930, Prince Tafari Makonen (or Ras Tafari - hence the name of the movement) was crowned Emperor of Ethiopia. Thousands of people found the prophecies to come true. This is how Rastafarianism was born.

Rastafarians believe that everything valuable to humanity originated in Africa. Africa is a paradise on Earth where Rastafarians live, according to the will of the great Jah. They declare war on Babylon (white culture). From their point of view, you can: love people, smoke weed, sit back, understand the meaning of life, tell others about Rastafari, philosophize, play the drums, fight Babylon, wear dreadlocks and listen to reggae; you cannot: eat pork, shellfish, salt, vinegar, fish without scales, cow's milk, smoke tobacco, drink rum and wine, carry things from someone else's shoulder, eat food prepared by others, play gambling, touch the dead, preach to the unworthy.

5. Countercultures.

Slide No. 9

Skinheads.

Derived from English. skin head - shaved head. These are neo-fascist closed youth groups. Preaching a cult strong personality, racism, chauvinism, cult of black magic, systematically engage in physical training. They don't hide their views. The greeting is an outstretched hand. Often the head of such a youth group is an adult with pro-fascist views. Strangers are not allowed to attend meetings. Military-style organization. Ideology is the subordination of a strong personality; all the weak and infirm have no right to life. The ideology is based on the ideas of National Socialism and anti-Semitism. They hate grungers, rappers, hippies, ravers and people of a different skin color. Metalheads and most rockers are either indifferent or sympathetic. They are afraid of bikers. Average age skins 17-18 years old. They like to listen to military anthems and marches, “metal” of the mid-80s.

6. Sports and near-sports subcultures. Riders. Slide No. 10

Snowboarders.

The history of snowboarding is a classic example of the American dream come true. Of course, Sherman Poppen, a gas equipment design engineer, didn’t think about all this at all when, at Christmas 1965, he decided to please his kids with a new fun. He connected a pair of children's skis with wooden jumpers, rearranging the binding straps on them. This was the first time it was implemented simple idea- give a person the opportunity to slide sideways on the snow, as surfers did on the waves and skateboarders on the asphalt. Poppen's wife even came up with a name for the projectile - snurf, from the words snow and surf. The toy was a success with local children, and Sherman had to repeat the manipulations with skis for the neighboring children. Looking at the children's games, he thought about the parents. And he went to Goodwill, where he bought old equipment, and the snow-covered sand dunes of the coast became the first place to ride a water monoski on the snow. The idea was patented. Controlling the projectile was very problematic, falls were the norm rather than the exception, but the number of fans grew. In 1968, February 18, on ski resort Blockhouse Hill in Muskegon, Michigan, hosted the first ever competition in the new sport of snurf. Athletes descended in a straight line, competing for speed.

Parkour. Slide No. 10

Parkour - the art of efficient movement and overcoming obstacles - was founded in France David Bell and Sebastian Fuca. It combines a special philosophy (worldview), athletics, martial arts and building (climbing walls).

People who practice parkour are called tracers (Russian: tracers). Parkour became popular thanks to the films "Yamakashi" and "District 13". As an independent movement, parkour originated in France in the 90s. Parkour is a discipline that is a set of body control skills that, at the right time, can be used in any situation in our lives. The ability to get where you are needed faster than others is an indicator of your abilities and level.

Skateboard. Slide No. 11

Skateboarding originated in California, USA in the fifties of the last century. And already in 1959, the first Roller Derby skateboard went on sale. It vaguely resembled what in our time we are accustomed to calling a board. The only similarities were in the presence of wheels and a deck, which at that time was a regular board without bends.. In 1963, the Makaha company designed the first professional skateboard. This was the impetus for holding skateboarding competitions among teenagers. The mid-sixties are the peak of skateboarding's popularity. In three years, Makaha sold more than 50 million boards. Bennet and Tracker companies designed new type suspensions that allow you to practice skateboarding more professionally. Polyurethane wheels began to be used. In 1976, the first professional skatepark was built in Florida, which made it possible to ride a board in any weather. In the late seventies, the real estate crisis hit the United States, and hundreds of houses and swimming pools were abandoned. These pools were very convenient for boarding because they had rounded walls. This is how it was born a new style Pool Skating, i.e. skating in the pool, a little later they began to build ramps, which gave rise to vert skateboarding (ramp skating).

Bikers. Slide No. 11

The history of bikers began in 1901, when a company of twenty-year-old inventors from the American state of Milwaukee began working on the motorization of the bicycle. William Harley and Arthur Davidson worked on the creation of the first-born. The result was a constructively new phenomenon. By 1903, there were other motorcycle companies in the United States. And one of them, the Indian motorcycle company, founded in 1901, became the main competitor to Harley-Davidson for many years. But it can still be argued that bikers started with Harleys.

Among the bikers there are sincerely religious people. There are also atheists. But they are all united by one faith, and the worship of one idol - Speed. A biker lives and dies by striving for the beyond. Bikers are one of the most “severe” groups both here and in the West. Their ideology is characterized by the merging of man and the technology he creates into a single organism. A motorcycle in the eyes of bikers is a friend, protector, a symbol of strength, power and confidence, at the same time it is a means, reason and form of uniting like-minded people into a single fist, capable of withstanding the dangers of the metropolis, defending the collective, group and individual interests of bikers. Great importance in their environment there are symbols and rituals that promote the unity of community members, allowing them to find each other in the crowd. In addition to the ride itself, the biker naturally likes to discuss it with “his own kind.” That's why biker parties gather everywhere. Of course, not all people, even those who are passionate about the same thing, can find a common language.

They wear long hair combed back, a headscarf (bandana), tattoos, leather pants, and high-heeled cowboy boots.

Football fans. Slide No. 11

A group close to criminal subcultures are fans of football teams. Football fan communities are one of the most common forms of subcultural youth activity in modern Russia, which has a long origin. Many forms of support for teams by their fans developed back in the 30s, when football was amateur in the full sense of the word, and football players worked among their fans.

Later, as football professionalized in Russia, the modern practice of organized fan trips to support the team at games in other cities arose. The specificity of this subculture is that it requires a minimum of effort from participants and does not deeply affect the way of life. The game itself on the football field inspires fans, but more significant for them are the moments of general emotional release, the opportunity to “break away”, to express their feelings to the fullest (yell, rowdy). Sometimes their actions are downright criminal in nature.

Football fans are a complex community to organize. Travel to other cities is very often associated with fights - often on the station square. The main means of distinguishing fans is a scarf (“rosette”, “rose”). A regular scarf is designed in the colors of the football team and can have various inscriptions.

Teacher : Guys, tell me how the fans behave?

BMX-era. Slide No. 11

Like most modern sports, BMX was created in America. At first it was just a small bike, not intended for any tricks. Soon the crazy guys, who were tired of just driving, began to jump and rush through the streets. And manufacturers began to develop and offer new designs for such bicycles.

In 1988, the first bikes appeared on which you could ride normally, without fear for your life, and do tricks. The steering wheel easily turned 360 degrees, the brakes worked almost flawlessly... In Russia, BMX began to develop only a few years ago. Nowadays bmxers can be found on the streets of large cities such as Moscow, St. Petersburg and smaller cities. The Flatland style was developed by Moscow circus performers who perform incredible tricks. There are several parks with springboards for DirtJumping. But still, we are 6-8 years behind America...what you could expect from your frame.

7. Musical – Worldview subcultures. Slide No. 12

Goths.

The goth movement is based on goth music that grew out of post-punk. Therefore, ready is still considered a musical direction. The look is ready - black outfits, the bats, vampire teeth and other symbols - everything that has at least some relation to the aesthetics of death.

Goths perceive their movement as a protest against mass consciousness, bad taste and diversity. While the pop music is composing its “three words, 2 chords” about love, the goth, whose whole appearance reminds of death, goes to the cemetery. It doesn’t matter what he will do there: think about the vanity of all things or just have fun with friends.

However, the meaning of life is Gothic - this is Gothic itself - as an angle of perception of life, and not at all a cult of death. Gothic is an aesthetic phenomenon, and dark images are nothing more than shocking.

Emo. Slide No. 12

Strange girls with black hair, shiny hairpins on their heads and a ring in their lower lip, thin guys with bangs covering half of their faces, wearing black and white sneakers and a “messenger” bag over their shoulders with a scattering of multi-colored badges and improvised patches - these are the children of emo.

The Emo movement - short for emotion (emotional) - began its existence in the 80s in the West. Characteristics musical style - Squealing, crying, moaning, whispering, breaking into a scream... texts about unhappy love, injustice, about a cruel and violent world. Expressionemotions is the main rule for emo-kids (emo-kids - those who consider themselves to be part of the emo subculture). An emo kid is often a vulnerable and depressed teenager. He stands out from the crowd with his bright appearance, is looking for accomplices and dreams of happy love.

In emo culture, the boundaries between the sexes are blurred, boys look like girls, girls look like boys, who look like girls... sometimes you can’t tell the difference.

Thin, tall teenagers with coarse, straight, black hair (torn bangs covering half of the face, hair sticking out in different directions at the back), girls can have childish, funny hairstyles - two small ponytails, bright hair clips - hearts on the sides. Both boys and girls can paint their lips to match their skin color. Their faces look pale, their thickly black-lined eyes look like a bright spot. Skinny jeans, possibly with holes or patches, a riveted belt with a chain, or maybe a pink one with cartoon characters.

Tight T-shirts with funny children's drawings (Mickey Mouse, SpongeBob), black with the names of emo groups, with crossed pistols (classic inscription: bang-bang)or with hearts torn to shreds on their chests. On your feet are sneakers or Vans, on your hands are multi-colored bracelets, on your neck are large bright beads or white pearls borrowed from your grandmother. Sweaters with a v-neck, jackets with badges, sweatshirts from the times of the USSR, a vest with diamonds like grandfather's, long striped scarves, pierced tongues, lips, ears, nose, bridge of the nose... Often emo kids make tunnels in their ears - large holes ( on average 12-16 mm), into which plugs (round earrings) or tunnels (donuts with a hole inside) are inserted. Emo kids carry bags over their shoulders or backpacks, on which they hang a lot of badges, soft toys, and patches. Some emo kids wear square glasses with clear lenses in black frames and striped leg warmers on their arms (the most common are black and pink), and black polish on their nails. Emo kids do not disdain clothes from stock and second-hand stores.

Hippie. Slide No. 13

Hippie culture is one of the most ancient and lasting in the underground. Hippies are famous for their gentleness and non-aggression. As you know, hippies were born in the turbulent 60s. They called on humanity to love each other and not fight. They called themselves “flower children,” got a kick out of Denis Joplin and The Doors, and were the first to begin “expanding consciousness” in all ways - from meditation to LSD. Hippie ideas are still alive. There are always individuals who are closer to the “flower” philosophy than the aggression of punks or rapper show-offs. Hippies have developed real traditions over time.

Punks. Slide No. 14

The word “punk” has entered the mainstream lexicon and today is used to mean “dirt,” “rotten,” “garbage.” It is quite easy to distinguish a punk from an ordinary person. He listens to punk music: Sex Pistols, Exploited, NOFX, Offspring, Iggy Pop, “The King and the Clown,” “Naive,” etc.

The basis for punk clothing can be the following things: hoodies and T-shirts, ripped jeans, leather jackets, patchwork jackets, sneakers, low shoes and high boots, belts and collars

Punks appeared in Great Britain, more precisely in Wales, in the first half of the 30s. This is what people who lived in poor areas of cities called themselves, as a rule, the children of coal miners. They drank "Indian moonshine" - hooch, smoked opium, snorted toxic substances. The means of livelihood was elementary banditry, entertainment - fights, breaking glass. Punk music in the 1930s was “black jazz,” performed by blacks. The ideology is based on anarchy and the complete negation of the state and society.

Gradually, the punks of those years turned into people who listen to “punk” and “punk rock.” Conventionally, two age groups of punks can be distinguished.

The ideology of punks is the philosophy of the “lost generation”: it is impossible to change the world for the better, life has lost its meaning, there is no future. Therefore, don’t give a damn about everything and yourself, do what you want now.

Rappers. Slide No. 15

Among many other subcultural forms based on musical styles, rap (English rap - light blow, knock) has gained wide popularity in Russia. Manner of performance ("reading"), appearance performers, their actions in rap come from the street life of teenagers in the black neighborhoods of America. On Russian soil, this style is imitative in nature and recently it has increasingly become part of what is called hip-hop culture. Her priorities, besides rap: breakdancing as a form of dance and body plasticity, graffiti as a type of special wall painting, extreme species sports, streetball (street football), etc. It is quite democratic and does not lose a direct connection with the “youth of the street,” although it is obvious that its identity is supported from the outside. IN major cities quite a lot of young people in clothes stylistically related to rap. But rap fans relate to " cool guys in wide pants" posing as rappers, with contempt. The fact that rapper clothing is found quite often in Moscow and some other Russian cities is largely influenced by the economic factor: such clothing is sold at wholesale clothing markets and is relatively inexpensive. But, of course, a certain part of young people are quite consciously oriented towards hip-hop culture.

Wear clothes that are wide and several sizes larger. Athletic. Favorite sport is basketball. Jewelry includes badges and earrings. The hair is cut short. Many rappers do not drink alcohol, not even beer, but prefer hard drugs. Rappers are not only those who listen to rap music, but also people who write rap, imbued with its idea. For the most part, rappers are not aggressive, except for those who consider themselves to be part of the “Gangsta” movement.

8. Art - culture. Slide No. 16

Graffitters.

(writers).

The word graffiti is Italian and originally means “scratched.” So this definition can include anything, including rock paintings, but this term is usually used to designate art on the walls of houses and in the subway using cans of paint (and occasionally markers), most often in the same style. Street artists are called writers, grafflers or graffitters.

Graffiti is still art. Some researchers officially consider it a fully established movement of modern avant-gardeism. Graffiti first appeared in America in the late 60s as part of street culture. It all started with simple tags (literally “mark”) in the New York subway, and they left these tags simply to indicate their presence. Today the same thing is happening in the Moscow metro, but real graffitters strongly condemn this.

Then taggers switched from vandalizer markers to spray paint, and the inscriptions became larger, brighter and more impressive. A fashion appeared, the business gained momentum, and “bombing” teams began to paint subway cars not only from the inside, but also from the outside at night. This kind street art called subway art.Reiter is dressed like an ordinary person...But not when he is working. It's important to wear something you don't mind getting dirty. Gloves will help protect your hands, and a breather or bandage will help prevent you from breathing in the paint. Graffiti artists often dress in rapper style, and many of them are actually rappers.

Teacher: Guys, let's think about why young people end up in such groups? What are the reasons?

Consequences of the actions of antisocial groups.

Slide No. 17

For its members.

Law violation

Detention

Serving a sentence in prison

Studying in special schools

Diseases of the neuropsychic sphere

Physical injury

Severe consequences of alcohol and drug use.

For the people around you. Slide No. 18

Fear

Violence

Causing moral damage

Damage to property

Beating

Murders

Kidnapping

Vehicle theft

For the territory where the group is located. Slide No. 19

Special risk area

Damaged pay phones

Constant thefts and robberies

Troubled situation on the street

Broken benches

Graffiti on the walls

Destroyed playgrounds

Teacher: The question arises: does anyone really need this?

Teacher: What unites all the groups?

We cannot harm others, including ourselves. We all need to benefit.

Do you think any subcultures are needed at all?

We draw a conclusion together.

They differ in close originality and originality. A limitless variety of heterogeneous movements was mainly formed due to musical trends.

Subcultures of the 21st century, in general, like any second, are designed to change the worldview of the inhabitants of our planet, by improving their own self.

Youth subcultures of the 21st century stand out for their originality and originality. An unlimited number of heterogeneous processes in the general were formed due to musical trends.

Subcultures of the 21st century, in general, like any other, are designed to change the worldview of the inhabitants of our planet, by improving their own self. But each movement has its own age. Within a couple of years, yesterday's rebels become normal people, and a new generation arrives to replace them, striving to understand the ideological concept.
Of course, any subculture is distinguished by class, age and gender. Distinctive features that define causes, highlight values ​​and demonstrate the similarity of entire representatives of the movement. These include: clothing, style of conduct and special signs. In the midst of this contrast, some youth movements express protest to the community, have an extreme character, or, on the contrary, strive for alienation and closeness from the outside world. There are few groups, one or the other includes subcultures that stand out for their worldview and specific enthusiasm. Deliver and inspect some of them.

Musical subcultures

From the name of this group, it becomes clear that it includes subcultures based on diverse styles of music.
fans, etc. Clothes for representatives of the movement are not a determining factor. The key is countless tattoos and piercings.
fans of gothic fusion, gothic rock and darkwave. The distinguishable ingredients are the dominance of dark clothing, countless silver decorations and signs of doom.
fans of heavy alloy varieties.
Rappers and break dancers fans of hip-hop and rap. They are distinguished by their clothes of clear colors, slang and worldview.
Emo fans of post-hardcore and emo. Dark and cattail colors predominate in clothing (colorful colors are also likely). Oblique bangs are a general attribute describing membership in a movement.
Indie fans of indie rock.
fans of the punk rock movement. A distinctive feature of movement lovers is that they adhere to their ideology, which is contained in anger towards the outside world and disregard for public norms.
Ravers fans are strong dance music and lovers of night discos. General collecting a fussy, carefree life and zeal for fashion.
Rivetheads fans of industrial music.
fans. In fact, it is an extraordinary subculture, with many varieties and distinctive features.

Image subcultures

Based on the name, it is clear that the subcultures included in it are distinguished by their behavior and clothing style.
. In fact, movement lovers do not have a specific ideology; they prefer electronic club music.
. Deceased Russian movement inspired Western way life.
, majors. The main element is the zeal for life advertised in glamorous men's and women's magazines (the pursuit of fashion, clothing and cosmetics).
Teddy boy. The subculture is based on teenagers imitating the golden youth.

Other subcultures

The provided group includes movements based on animation, entertainment, cinema or literature.
Players video game fans living nearby virtual world and avoiding close real communication with others.
fans of Japanese animation (anime).
Furry a movement based on an interest in animated or fairy-tale animals. Quite often, fans are embodied in costumes of anthropomorphic animals, and in this guise they appear before the public (they ride snowboards, bikes, or put on impromptu performances in front of the public).

At a greater level, youth connections in groups are nothing more than the realization of needs, the formation of one’s own self and one of the means for the release of internal activity, which is not typical only for children. This is probably precisely why almost all youth subcultures of the 21st century not only convert, but even rule modern youth. This allows us to prevent cultural stagnation and develop at the appropriate level.

Today on the streets (especially in big cities and megalopolises) you can meet young people who are not entirely normal looking. Long black clothes, scary makeup, or vice versa - flashy pink tones and funny hairstyles that turn young boys and girls into some kind of puppet characters from an unknown cartoon or movie. You may even feel like you are at some kind of costumed masquerade ball. But this is not at all true. Simply, you were lucky enough to meet a representative of a certain subculture.

About, what are subcultures, how do they influence the younger generation and why our children turn into goths and emo– and will be discussed in our publication today. Together with you, we will try not only to answer this question, but also figure out whether such a way of self-expression as belonging to a certain subculture has a beneficial or harmful effect on the psyche of the younger generation...

What are subcultures

Subcultures are a part of a society’s culture that differs in some way (and sometimes in many ways) from the dominant culture, and has its own scale of values, language of communication, behavior, clothing and, of course, its own concept of worldview.

So, for example, today the most famous youth subcultures are:

• bikers(with their constant motorcycles and leather clothes),
• glamor(fans of glamor and everything beautiful),
• goths(“men in black” with the corresponding gothic and even sometimes vampire ideology),
• graffiti artists(works of art called graffiti on the walls of your entrance are the work of their hands),
• metalheads (« iron men, listening to Metallica), punks(legends can be written about the height of their Iroquois),
• Rastmans(dandelion people who inherit hippies, but have their own point of view on this world),
• rappers(rap fans)
• skinheads(it’s better not to meet these shaven-headed boys in a dark alley),
• hippie(by the way, a dying subculture),
• emo(sad boys and girls, ready to cry with or without reason)…

Why is the 21st century called the peak of the dawn of subcultures?

Yes, yes, according to psychologists and sociologists,

It is the 21st century that can be called the peak of the flowering of all kinds of subcultures.

And, if you try to find the answer to the question “why?”, you can come to a rather bold conclusion. You can’t argue with the fact that, in principle, subcultures, as a phenomenon in society, have always existed. However, psychologists associate the peak of prosperity, which falls precisely in our time, with the phenomenon that society no longer has national ideas, and life values ​​are devalued, and all this together creates such favorable conditions for the development and even the emergence of new subcultures.

In other words, man is a rational being, and his mind constantly demands from him or. Thus, our ancient ancestors believed in pagan deities, our great-grandmothers and great-grandfathers believed in the power of the party. What do you and I believe in? What do our children believe? Unfortunately, many of us have a blank in the “faith” column, because there is nothing to believe in. Society is not distinguished by particularly high moral principles, religion seems to be no longer relevant and you still need to “grow up” to it, but subcultures - when you can hide yourself behind an emo or goth mask - this is exactly what you need and that which is convenient...

Why are subcultures so popular among young people?

Well, someone will say, a lack of faith pushes us towards subcultures, but not everyone becomes breakers or skinheads?

As a rule, it is young people between the ages of 15 and 25 who fall under the influence of subcultures and join the ranks of such social minorities.

Why? It is young people (according to their age-specific psychology of development and personality formation) that exhibit the most violent protest reaction, which is a claim to freedom, independence, independence, which lie at the basis of any subculture. This is such a teenage protest against the world and the laws of adults, their worldview, lifestyle and values.

Over the years, when such youthful maximalism “calms down” a little, young people and teenagers no longer react so sharply to the manifestations of the world. The teenager understands that it is better to adapt and be flexible with the world than to resist it...

Video about youth subcultures:

The benefits of subcultures

If the ideology of a subculture does not destroy the psyche of the younger generation, does not pit the teenager against the entire world around him, does not provoke him to open conflict and does not carry suicidal motives, and also does not destroy the psyche and physical health of the younger generation - then there is no harm in such a subculture. On the contrary, it is a way of self-expression and self-display of one’s individuality, and the presence of interests and values ​​in life...

Today, there are many different subcultures in world society. Representatives of a particular subculture are called informals- they are distinguished by their originality, unusualness, and brightness. An informal person tries to demonstrate his individuality. We present a list of the main subcultures, and then we will talk about some of them in more detail.

• Alternatives
• Anime people
• Bikers
• Vanillas
• Glamor
• Gopniks
• Grangers
• Graffitiers
• Cyber ​​Goths
• Metalheads
• New Age
• Punks
• Fedots
• Rastafarians
• Ravers
• Rockers
• Rappers
• Skinheads
• Hipsters
• Straight-age
• Tolkienists
• Trash Models
• Freaks
• Football fans
• Hackers
• Hippie
• Hipsters

Alternatives

In the early 90s, an alternative subculture emerged, which included rappers, metalheads and punks. Representatives of this subculture are distinguished by their friendliness towards representatives of other directions. It is believed that the subculture was formed thanks to the group Rage Against The Machine.

The appearance of alternative artists is catchy; they are quite easy to distinguish from representatives of other subcultures. As a rule, they wear piercings and loose clothes. Representatives of this subculture do not have any special ideology.

Bikers

The biker subculture originated around the 60s and 70s. Representatives of the movement - bearded, long-haired men - cannot imagine their life without a motorcycle, beer and rock music. These attributes are the hallmarks of bikers.

As a rule, they ride in groups and each of the bikers belongs to a club. The stripes on his clothes determine which club he is a member of. This is a distinctive sign that makes bikers different from each other.

The biker subculture adheres to its own value system, which is strikingly different from the generally accepted norms of a “civilized society.”

Gopniks

The Gopnik subculture began its existence in last years before the collapse of the USSR. The ideology and behavior of representatives of this trend are similar to the behavior of hooligans. A distinctive feature of Gopniks is a penchant for violence, a low level of intelligence and prison slang, which in terms of difficulty of understanding can sometimes be compared with complex languages ​​of the world.

Gopniks, as a rule, like to listen to music in the style of prison chanson. They are often aggressive towards other subcultures. In particular, movements such as emo, goths, rappers, and gopniks are not recognized and conflict with their representatives.

Gopniks have short hair and wear tracksuits. These are the main distinguishing features of adherents of this subculture.

Goths

The formation of the Goth subculture originates from music. Distinctive features ready is the predominance of black clothing, girls wear dark makeup. Representatives of the subculture wear accessories that symbolize death - teeth, crosses, pentagrams, etc. The Goths do not have their own ideology.

The mood of adherents of this movement is dominated by decadence and a gloomy look. The Gothic movement gave rise to a separate subculture - Satanists.

Metalheads

The metal subculture originated in the 1960s and spread almost throughout the world. The impetus for the emergence of the subculture was music in the style of Heavy Metal. Metalheads, as a rule, are fans of heavy rock music and all types of metal.

The image of a representative of the subculture includes leather clothing, images of skulls, a lot of metal jewelry on the body (chains, spikes, bracelets, etc.), heavy boots, ear piercings, and bandanas. They have no ideology or philosophy as such; all beliefs and views are focused entirely on music.

Punks

The punk subculture began to form back in 1930 in England. The first punks were people from poor areas of Wales. They were engaged in robberies, fights, debauchery. The ideology and worldview of punks boils down to anarchy.

The distinctive features of punks are the “Mohawk” - a symbol of the punk movement, as well as leather jackets worn on a naked body, torn T-shirts, a large number of facial piercing.

Hipsters

The subculture of dudes was formed in the second half of the 40s - 50s. At this time, young people dressed in provocative clothes appeared on the streets of cities. Representatives of the movement were distinguished by cynicism in their judgments and indifference to Soviet norms of behavior.

The hipsters of those times protested against standard stereotypes of behavior and monotony in clothing. The subculture undoubtedly left a bright imprint on the Soviet era.

Men-dandies wore tight trousers (“pipes”), long double-breasted jackets, bright shirts combined with colorful ties, pointed boots and dark glasses.

The girls decorated their clothes with sewn bows and a lot of jewelry. Hipsters, as a rule, were the children of high-ranking officials or professors.

Freaks

The freak subculture formed in the 20th century in North America. Representatives of the movement adhere to the main idea - to stand out among the crowd of surrounding people. For these purposes, not only clothing is used, but also behavior and philosophy. The term "freak" comes from English word Freak, which means a strange person. Each follower of the subculture strives to create his own unique image.

Freaks are ardent supporters of piercing - they pierce themselves en masse in all sorts of places, and also cover their bodies with tattoos with images, inscriptions and patterns.

Hippie

The hippie subculture emerged in America in the 1960s. In a short period of time, it quickly spread throughout the world, but as a separate movement, it ceased to exist closer to the 1980s. Representatives of the subculture were distinguished by their peacekeeping position (pacifists); they opposed nuclear weapons and any violence.

Hippies were involved in the distribution of drugs among young people, supposedly to expand consciousness.

Representatives of hippies wore loose clothes, a large number of baubles on their arms and long hair.