Slide 3.

L.N. Tolstoy was born on September 9, 1828 in the estate of the Casual Polyana, near Tula, in the noble family.

Without his clear clearing, I can hardly imagine Russia and my attitude towards it. Without a clear clearing, I can see the general laws necessary for my fatherland ... L. Tolstoy, "Memories in the village"

Slide 4.

Princess Maria Nikolaevna Volkonskaya (1790-1830). Family L. Tolstoy.

I don't remember my mother at all. I was a year and a half, when she died ... Everything I know about her, everything is fine ... L. Tolstoy "Memories"

Slide 5.

Count Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy (1795-1837) .OTez L. Tolstoy.

First place ... occupies, although not on the influence of me, but in my sense to him, ... my father. L. Tolstoy "Memories"

Slide 6.

In 1851, L. Tolstoy went to the Caucasus and entered the volunteer in artillery.

Finally, today I received an order to go to my battery, I am a 4th grade feverver. You will not believe what kind of pleasure gives me. L. Tolstivaya T. A. Yergolskaya. January 3, 1852

Slide 7.

Twenty-six years I came after the war in St. Petersburg and came up with writers. I was accepted as my ... l. Tolstoy "Confession"

A group of writers of the magazine "Contemporary". L.N. Tolstoy, D. V. Grigorovich, I. A. Goncharov, I.S. Turgenev, A. V. Druzhinin, A. N. Ostrovsky. From the photograph of 1856.

Slide 8.

Sophia Andreevna Bersv 1862 L. Tolstoy married a doctor's daughter.

The choice has long been made. Literature-art, pedagogy and family. L. Tolstoy, Diary, October 6, 1863 she is a serious assistant. L. Tolstoye A. A. Fetu. May 15, 1863

Slide 9.

L.N. Tolstoy opened 26 national schools, where 9,000 guys were studied.

When I enter the school and see this crowd of torn, dirty, thin children, with their bright eyes and so often angelic expressions, it finds me alarming, the horror that would have experienced at the sight of sinking people ... I want to form a people ... to save those drowning there Pushkin, ... Lomonosova. And they are sissed in every school. L. Tolstoye A. A. Tolstoy. December 1874.

Slide 10.

Tolstoy, Tolstoy! This ... not a man, but a humanity, Jupiter. Maxim Gorky

Tolstoy really a huge artist, which are born in centuries, and his creativity is crystal clean, light and fine. V. G. Korolenko ... No man more worthy of genius, more complex, contradictory and in all beautiful ... A. P. Chekhov

Kasatkin Maria

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MOU SOSH №1 G. Kameshkovo Vladimir region Life and creativity L.N. Tolstoy fulfilled the student 4 "in" class Kasatkin Maria

Tolstoy Lion Nikolayevich (1828 - 1910), Prosisaic, playwright, publicist. Born on September 9 (according to old style on August 28) in the estate of the Casual Polyana Tula province. By origin belonged to the oldest aristocratic surnames of Russia. Received home education and upbringing.

His mother, nee Princess Volkonskaya, died, when there was no two more years, but in the stories of family members, he was well represented by her spiritual appearance. Tolstoy's father, a participant in the Patriotic War, who remembered by the writer with a good-natured-mocking character, love of reading, to the hunt, too, died early (1837). The rapid relative of T. A. Yergolskaya was engaged in the education of children, who had a huge influence on Tolstoy: "She taught me spiritual pleasure of love." Children's memories have always remained for the thick of the most joyful and reflected in the autobiographical story "Childhood". "The period of childhood" Father of the writer - Nikolay Tolstoy

L.N. Tolstoy with brothers. Tolstoy was the fourth child in the family; He had three older brothers: Nikolai (1823-1860), Sergey (1826-1904) and Dmitry (1827-1856). In 1830, sister Maria was born. His mother died with the birth of the last daughter when he was not 2 years old.

When Tolstoy was 13 years old, the family moved to Kazan, in the house of relatives and guardian of children P. I. Yushkova. Living in Kazan Tolstoy 2,5 years old was preparing for admission to the university, at the age of 17 he comes there. Lev Nikolayevich already at that time knew 16 languages, he read a lot and studied philosophy. But the classes did not cause him a living interest and he looked from secular entertainment with passion. In the spring of 1847, submitting a petition for dismissal from the university "on upset health and home circumstances", Tolstoy went to a clear pool with a solid intention to explore the entire course of science. Kazan University P. I. Yushkov - aunt writer Kazan University. House in Casual Polyana.

After the summer in the village, in the fall of 1847 Tolstoy went first to Moscow, then to Petersburg to keep the candidate exams at the university. The image of his life during this period often changed. At the same time, he had a serious desire to write and appeared the first unfinished artistic sketches. "Stormy life of a junior period"

In 1851, the elder brother Nicholas, an officer of the army, persuaded Tolstoy to go together in the Caucasus. For almost three years, Tolstoy lived in the Cossack village on the banks of the Terek. In the Caucasus, Tolstoy wrote a story "Childhood" and sent it to the magazine "Contemporannik", not opening his name. The literary debut immediately brought the real recognition to Tolstoy. Tale "Childhood"

In 1854 Tolstoy received an appointment in the Danube Army, in Bucharest. A boring staff forced him to translate it into the Crimean army, in the deposited Sevastopol, where he commanded the battery on the 4th bastion, showing rare personal courage (awarded the Order of St. Anne and medals). In Crimea, Tolstoy seized new impressions and literary plans (was going to publish a magazine for soldiers), here he began to write a cycle of "Sevastopol stories". Crimean campaign

In November, 1855 Tolstoy arrived in St. Petersburg and immediately entered the circle of "Contemporary" (N. A. Nekrasov, I. S. Turgenev, A. N. Ostrovsky, I. A. Goncharov, etc.), where he was met as "Great The hope of Russian literature. "Sign of 1856 Tolstoy, having retired, went to a clear clearing, and in early 1857 - abroad. He visited France, Italy, Switzerland, Germany. We returned to Moscow, then in a clear clearing. In the circle of writers and abroad

In 1859, Tolstoy opened a school in the village for peasant children, helped to arrange more than 20 schools in the vicinity of the clear clearing. In 1862 published the pedagogical magazine "Clear Polyana", the books "ABC" and "New Alphabet, as well as children's books for reading. Folk school

In September 1862, Tolstoy married the eighteen-year-old Daughter of the doctor Sophie Andreevna Bers and immediately after the wedding took his wife from Moscow to a clear clearing. For 17 years of life, 13 children were born.

In the 1870s, living still in a clear glade, continuing to teach the peasant children and develop their pedagogical views in print, Tolstoy works on novels: "War and Peace", "Anna Karenina", the story "Cossacks", the first of Works in which the great talent of Tolstoy was recognized as ingenious.

Years of the fracture changed the personal biography of the writer, (proclaimed by a thick refusal of ownership of private property caused a sharp discontent of family members, primarily his wife). Late in the fall of 1910, at night, secretly from the family, 82-year-old Tolstoy, accompanied by only a personal doctor D. P. Makovitsky, left the clear clearing. The road was unbearable for him: in the path Tolstoy fell ill and was forced to go off the train on the small railway station Astapovo. Here, in the house of the station's head of the station, he spent the last seven days of his life. The event of the all-Russian scale was the funeral of Tolstoy in the Casual Polyana. Station Astapovo.

L. N. Tolstoy replenished his knowledge and was a highly educated person. In his works, L. N. Tolstoy said that only the one who works who does good to other people who honestly fulfill their duty can be called man. Ashamed, unworthy man live someone else's labor. On November 10 (23), 1910 was buried in a clear glade, on the edge of the ravine in the forest, where in his childhood he was looking for a "green wand" with his brother, which kept the secret, how to make all the people happy.

Biography Tolstoy Lion Nikolayevich (1828 - 1910)

PEDIGREE

Praded Andrei Ivanovich served as president of the Magistan Magistrate.

His two sons served to Fatherland: Peter Andreevich - the companion of Peter I, Ilya Andreevich - officer of the Preobrazhensky regiment. He married the daughter of Military Minister Pelagae Nikolaevna Gorchakova.

The son of Ilya Andreevich, Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy, a participant in the war of 1812, in 1820 he married Maria Nikolaevna Volkonskaya, a retired daughter, an approximate Ekaterina II. Children were born in the family

Lion Nikolayevich Tolstoy was born in a clear glade 28.08.1828. When Levushka was 2 years old, mother died. The closest man was the distant relative of Grandma Pelagiai Nikolaevna, Tatiana Aleksandrovna Yergolskaya.

Moving to Kazan in 1841.

Here in 1844, L. Tolstoy enters the Kazan University. The year he attends classes at the Faculty of Philosophy (separation of Arabic-Turkish literature) and two years on legal.

In 1847, L.N. Tolstoy left the university

Caucasus and Crimean War

In 1851, together with the elder brother, Nikolai L. Tolstoy leaves for the Caucasus in the current army, where it serves as a volunteer first, and then the younger artillery officer.

With the beginning of the Russian-Turkish war, L. Tolstoy submits a report on the transfer of it to the Danube Army. As an artillery officer, the fourth bastion participated in the defense of Sevastopol.

Home returned at the end of 1855 with the Order of St. Anne "For courage" and medals "For the protection of Sevastopol".

The literary activity of the first half of the 1850s.

1852 - the story "Childhood", printed in the "contemporary", later published "Defense" (1854) and

"Youth" (1856).

In 1855, L. Tolstoy finished work on "Sevastopol stories"

The literary activity of the second half of the 50s.

Returning from Sevastopol, L.N. Tolstoy plunged into the literary Wednesday of St. Petersburg.

In 1857 and 1860-61, L.N. Tolstoy made overseas travels by European countries. However, I did not find heart calm here.

1857 - Tale "Albert", "From the notes of Prince Nehludova", the story "Lucerne"

1859 - the story "Three Death"

Pedagogical activity

Back in 1849, L.N. Tolstoy began classes with peasant children.

In 1859, he opened a school in a clear Polyana.

In 1872, L. Tolstoy wrote "ABC", which during the life of the writer was published 28 times.

Life and creative maturity (1860-1870)

1863-69 - "War and Peace"

1873-77 - "Anna Karenina".

According to the writer, in the first work he was the road "Folk Thought", in the second - "Family thought".

Shortly after the publication, both novels were transferred to foreign languages.

Spiritual crisis

1882 year. The autobiographical work "Confession" is completed: "I'm moving away from the life of our circle ..."

In 1880-1890, L.N. Tolstoy created a number of religious work, which outlined his understanding of Christian creed.

In 1901, His Holiness Synod excreted L.N. Tolstoy from the Church.

Literary activities 1880-1890

In the early 1889, the views of L.Nolstoy on art have changed significantly. He came to the conclusion that he should write not "for the Lord", but for "Ignatov and their children"

1889-1899 - "Resurrection"

1886 - "Death of Ivan Ilyich"

1887-89 "Creichera Sonata"

1896 1904 - "Haji Murat"

1903 - "After Bala"

FAMILY LIFE

In 1862, Lev Nikolayevich marries the daughter of the Moscow doctor Sophie Andreevna Bers. After the wedding, young people immediately leave for a clear clearing.

Last years.

Relations with his wife and children were stressful. Finally spoiled after the secretly written will, according to which the family was deprived of the right to the literary heritage of the writer.

On the night of October 27-28, 1910, Leo Tolstoy secretly left his home and went to the south of Russia, where he assumed to stay at the familiar peasants.

Artist, thinker, man. Lion Nikolayevich Tolstoy was born on August 28 (September 9) of 1828 in the estate of the Casual Polyana of the Krapivsky County of the Tula province in the aristocratic noble family. "My mother I absolutely do not remember. I was 1.5 years old when she died. ... she was not good, but is well educated for his time. She knew ... four languages \u200b\u200b... well played on the piano, and ... there was a big master to tell the fairy tales "" The father was a medium height, a well-folded, living Sanguine, with a pleasant face and always sad eyes. Father never humiliated by anyone, did not change his fool, fun and often mocking tone. And this is a sense of self-esteem, which I saw in it, increased my love, my admiration for him. "Mother - Princess Maria Nikolaevna Volkonskaya () Father - Count Nikolai Ilyich Tolstoy ()

The bodies of the thick of the first chronicle mentions about the kind of thick are the XVI century. Peter Andreevich, the first of the Tolstoy's kind received the title of Count, was a companion of Peter I Tolstaya were related to the families of famous figures of Russian history and culture: Pushkin A.S., P.Ya. Chaadaev, Decembrists S.G. Volkonsky, S.P. Trubetsky, A.I. Odoevsky

Childhood After the death of the Father (1837), the rapid relative of T. A. Yergolskaya was engaged in the education of children, having had a huge influence on Tolstoy: "She taught me spiritual pleasure of love." Children's memories always remained for the thick of the most joyful: family legends, the first impressions of the nobility estate served as a rich material for his works, reflected in the autobiographical story "Childhood".

Adolescence and youth Tolstoy was 13 years old, the family moved to Kazan, in the house of relatives and guardian of children P. I. Yushkova. Two and a half years he was preparing for admission to the university. Deciding to become a diplomat, Tolstoy kept exams on the Eastern Branch.

In Kazan, he successfully endured exams on history, geography, mathematics, statistics, Russian literature, logic, English, French, German, Latin, Arabic, Turkish and Tatar languages \u200b\u200band entered the Kazan University for the Department of Eastern Languages \u200b\u200bof the Faculty of Philosophy, then transferred to the legal Faculty, where he studied incomplete two years. Classes did not cause him a living interest and he looked from secular entertainment with passion. In the spring of 1847, submitting a petition about dismissal from the university "on upset health and home circumstances", Tolstoy went to a clear clearing

From the diary of L.N. What will be the goal of my life in the village in a continuation of 2 years? - 1) explore the entire course of legal sciences, necessary for the final exam at the university. 2) to explore practical medicine and part of theoretical. 3) Languages: French, Russian, German, English, Italian, Latin. 4) to explore agriculture both theoretical and practical. 5) learn history, geography and statistics. 6) study mathematics, a gymnasic course. 7) Write the dissertation. 8) to achieve the average degree of perfection in music and painting. 9) Write the rules. 10) Get some knowledge in natural sciences. 11) Make essays from all items that will study. 1847

Caucasus in 1851 Senior Brother Nikolai, an officer of the army, persuaded Tolstoy to go together in the Caucasus. For almost three years, Lion Nikolayevich Tolstoy lived in the Cossack Stanice on the banks of the Terek, participating in hostilities (first voluntarily, then he was adopted by the service).

Crimean campaign in 1854 Lion Tolstoy received an appointment to the Danube Army, in Bucharest. A boring staff soon forced him to translate into the Crimean army, in the deposited Sevastopol, where he commanded the battery on the 4th bastion, showing rare personal courage (awarded the Order of St. Anne and medals). In Crimea, Tolstoy seized new impressions and literary plans (intended to publish a magazine for soldiers), here he began to write a cycle of "Sevastopol stories". At this time, Tolstoy will write: "The Crimean War showed rotting and powerlessness of serfs of Russia"

In the circle of writers in November 1855, after the war, L. Tolstoy arrived in St. Petersburg and immediately entered the circle of "contemporary" in which N.A. Nekrasov, I.S. Turgenev, A.N. Ostrovsky, I.A. Goncharov and others. L.N.tostoy met as the "Great Hope of Russian Literature" However, in the journal L.N. Tolstoy works for a long time, and already in 1856 leaves to a clear clearing, and then goes on a ride abroad.

School opening in 1859 Lion Tolstoy opened school in the village for peasant children, helped to arrange more than 20 schools in the vicinity of a clear clearing. This lesson was so fascinated by Tolstoy, which in 1860 he eventually went abroad to meet the schools of Europe. The own ideas of Tolstoy outlined in special articles, proving that the basis of learning should be "freedom of a student" and the refusal of violence in teaching. In the early 1870s. They were composed of "ABC" and "New Alphabet" for learning children of diploma.

When I enter the school and see this crowd of torn, dirty, thin children, with their bright eyes and so often angelic expressions, it finds me alarming, the horror that would have experienced at the sight of sinking people ... I want to form a people ... to save those drowning there Pushkin, ... Lomonosova. And they are sissed in every school. L. Tolstoye A. A. Tolstoy. December 1874 L.N. Tolstoy opened 26 folk schools where guys were studied.

About the work of L.N. Tolstoy, many years sounded a harsh and truthful voice, who twisted everyone; He told us about Russian life almost as much as the rest of our literature. The historical importance of the work of Tolstoy ... - The result of everything is experienced by the Russian society for the entire 19th century, and the books will remain in centuries, as a monument of hard work made by the genius ... M. Gorky

Let's summarize the lesson interpret the words L.N. Tolstoy and about L.N. Tolsta in the framework of the discoveries that did in the lesson. Without your clear clearing, I can hardly imagine Russia and my attitude towards it L.N. Tolstoy Tolstoy is really a huge artist V. Korolenko there is no more than a worthy name of the genius, more complex, controversial and in all beautiful M. Gorky Tolstoy will never be up to. He is from those geniuses of art, the words of which are live water. K. Fled