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Latin American Literature. The best books by Latin American writers of the 20th century Famous Latin American writers |
Dictatorships, coups, revolutions, terrible poverty of some and fantastic wealth of others, and at the same time - exuberant fun and optimism ordinary people. This is how most Latin American countries in the 20th century can be briefly described. And we shouldn’t forget about the amazing synthesis of different cultures, peoples and beliefs. The paradoxes of history and the riotous color inspired many writers of this region to create genuine literary masterpieces that enriched world culture. We will talk about the most striking works in our material. Captains of the sand. Jorge Amado (Brazil)One of the main novels of Jorge Amado, the most famous Brazilian writer of the 20th century. “Captains of the Sand” is the story of a gang of street children who engaged in theft and robbery in the state of Bahia in the 1930s. It was this book that formed the basis of the film “Generals of the Sand Quarries,” which was extremely popular in the USSR. Adolfo Bioy Casares (Argentina)The most famous book Argentine writer Adolfo Bioy Casares. A novel that deftly balances on the brink of mysticism and science fiction. The main character, fleeing persecution, ends up on a distant island. There he meets strange people who pay absolutely no attention to him. Watching them day after day, he learns that everything that happens on this piece of land is a holographic movie recorded a long time ago, a virtual reality. And it is impossible to leave this place... while the invention of a certain Morel is working. Senor President. Miguel Angel Asturias (Guatemala)Miguel Angel Asturias - winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature for 1967. In his novel, the author portrays a typical Latin American dictator - Señor President, in which he reflects the whole essence of cruel and senseless authoritarian rule, aimed at enriching himself through oppression and intimidation of ordinary people. This book is about a man for whom ruling a country means robbing and killing its inhabitants. Remembering the dictatorship of the same Pinochet (and others no less bloody dictators), we understand how accurate this artistic prophecy of Asturias turned out to be. Kingdom of the Earth. Alejo Carpentier (Cuba)In his historical novel"Kingdom of the Earth" Cuban writer Alejo Carpentier talks about mysterious world Haitians whose lives are inextricably linked with the mythology and magic of Voodoo. In fact, the author put this poor and mysterious island on the literary map of the world, in which magic and death are intertwined with fun and dancing. Mirrors. Jorge Luis Borges (Argentina)A collection of selected stories by the eminent Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges. In his short stories, he addresses the motives of searching for the meaning of life, truth, love, immortality and creative inspiration. Masterfully using symbols of infinity (mirrors, libraries and labyrinths), the author not only gives answers to questions, but makes the reader think about the reality around him. After all, the meaning is not so much in the search results, but in the process itself. Death of Artemio Cruz. Carlos Fuentes (Mexico)In his novel, Carlos Fuentes tells the life story of Artemio Cruz, a former revolutionary and ally of Pancho Villa, and now one of the richest tycoons in Mexico. Having come to power as a result of an armed uprising, Cruz begins to frantically enrich himself. To satisfy his greed, he does not hesitate to resort to blackmail, violence and terror against anyone who gets in his way. This book is about how, under the influence of power, even the highest and best ideas die out, and people change beyond recognition. In fact, this is a kind of answer to Asturias’ “Señor President”. Julio Cortazar (Argentina)One of the most famous works postmodern literature. In this novel, the famous Argentine writer Julio Cortazar tells the story of Horacio Oliveira, a man in a difficult relationship with the world around him and pondering the meaning of his own existence. In “The Hopscotch Game,” the reader himself chooses the plot of the novel (in the preface, the author offers two reading options - according to a plan he specially developed or according to the order of the chapters), and the content of the book will depend directly on his choice. City and dogs. Mario Vargas Llosa (Peru)"The City and the Dogs" is an autobiographical novel by the famous Peruvian writer, winner of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature, Mario Vargas Llosa. The book takes place within the walls of a military school, where they are trying to make “real men” out of teenage children. The methods of education are simple - first, break and humiliate a person, and then turn him into a thoughtless soldier living according to the rules. After the publication of this anti-war novel, Vargas Llosa was accused of treason and aiding Ecuadorian emigrants. And several copies of his book were solemnly burned on the parade ground of the Leoncio Prado cadet school. However, this scandal only added to the popularity of the novel, which became one of the best literary works of Latin America of the 20th century. It has also been filmed many times. Gabriel Garcia Marquez (Colombia)The legendary novel by Gabriel García Márquez, the Colombian master of magical realism and winner of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature. In it, the author tells the 100-year history of the provincial town of Macondo, located in the middle of the jungle of South America. This book is recognized as a masterpiece of Latin American prose of the 20th century. In fact, in one work, Marquez managed to describe an entire continent with all its contradictions and extremes. When I want to cry, I don’t cry. Miguel Otero Silva (Venezuela)Miguel Otero Silva is one of the greatest writers in Venezuela. His novel “When I Want to Cry, I Don’t Cry” is dedicated to the lives of three young people - an aristocrat, a terrorist and a bandit. Even though they have different social background, they are all united by one destiny. Everyone is in search of their place in life, and everyone is destined to die for their beliefs. In this book, the author masterfully paints a picture of Venezuela under military dictatorship, and also shows the poverty and inequality of that era. “One Hundred Years of Solitude” by Gabriel García Márquez, “The City and the Dogs” by Mario Vargas Llosa, “The Aleph” by Jorge Luis Borges - these and other masterpieces of Latin American literature of the last century are in this selection.Dictatorships, coups, revolutions, terrible poverty of some, and fantastic wealth of others, and at the same time the exuberant fun and optimism of ordinary people - this is how you can briefly describe most of the countries of Latin America in the 20th century. And we shouldn’t forget about the amazing synthesis of different cultures, peoples and beliefs. The paradoxes of history and the riotous color inspired many writers of this region to create genuine literary masterpieces that enriched world culture. We will talk about the most striking works in our material. One of the main novels of Jorge Amado, the most famous Brazilian writer of the 20th century. “Captains of the Sand” is the story of a gang of street children who engaged in theft and robbery in the state of Bahia in the 1930s. It was this book that formed the basis of the legendary film “Generals of the Sand Quarries,” which acquired cult status in the USSR. "The Invention of Morel". Adolfo Bioy Casares (Argentina) The most famous book by the Argentine writer Adolfo Bioy Casares. A novel that deftly balances on the brink of mysticism and science fiction. The main character, fleeing persecution, ends up on a distant island. There he meets strange people who pay absolutely no attention to him. Watching them day after day, he learns that everything that happens on this piece of land is a holographic movie recorded a long time ago, virtual reality. And it is impossible to leave this place... while the invention of a certain Morel is working. "Señor President." Miguel Angel Asturias (Guatemala) The most famous novel by Miguel Angel Asturias, winner of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Literature. In it, the author depicts a typical Latin American dictator - Señor President. In this character, the writer reflects the whole essence of cruel and senseless authoritarian rule, aimed at self-enrichment through oppression and intimidation of ordinary people. This book is about a man for whom ruling a country means robbing and killing its inhabitants. Remembering the dictatorship of the same Pinochet (and other no less bloody dictators), we understand how accurate this artistic prophecy of Asturias turned out to be. "Kingdom of the Earth". Alejo Carpentier (Cuba) One of the most famous works of the greatest Cuban writer Alejo Carpentier. In the historical novel “Earthly Kingdom,” he talks about the mysterious world of the Haitians, whose lives are inextricably linked with the mythology and magic of Voodoo. In fact, he put this poor and mysterious island on the literary map of the world, in which magic and death are intertwined with fun and dancing. "Aleph". Jorge Luis Borges (Argentina) The most famous collection of stories by the outstanding Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges. In "Aleph" he addressed the motives of search - the search for the meaning of life, truth, love, immortality and creative inspiration. Masterfully using symbols of infinity (especially mirrors, libraries (which Borges loved so much!) and labyrinths), the author not only gives answers to questions, but makes the reader think about the reality around him. The point is not so much in the search results, but in the process itself. "The Death of Artemio Cruz." Carlos Fuentes (Mexico) The central novel of one of the most famous Mexican prose writers of the last century. It tells the life story of Artemio Cruz, a former revolutionary and ally of Pancho Villa, and now one of the richest tycoons in Mexico. Having come to power as a result of an armed uprising, Cruz begins to frantically enrich himself. To satisfy his greed, he does not hesitate to resort to blackmail, violence and terror against anyone who gets in his way. This book is about how, under the influence of power, even the highest and best ideas die out, and people change beyond recognition. In fact, this is a kind of answer to Asturias’ “Señor President”. "Game of Hopscotch" Julio Cortazar (Argentina) One of the most famous works of postmodern literature. In this novel, the famous Argentine writer Julio Cortazar tells the story of Horacio Oliveira, a man in a difficult relationship with the world around him and pondering the meaning of his own existence. In “The Hopscotch Game,” the reader himself chooses the plot of the novel (in the preface, the author offers two reading options - according to a plan he specially developed or according to the order of the chapters), and the content of the book will depend directly on his choice. "The City and the Dogs" Mario Vargas Llosa (Peru) “The City and the Dogs” is an autobiographical novel by the famous Peruvian writer, winner of the 2010 Nobel Prize in Literature, Mario Vargas Llosa. The book takes place within the walls of a military school, where they are trying to make “real men” out of teenage children. The methods of education are simple - first, break and humiliate a person, and then turn him into a thoughtless soldier living according to the rules. After the publication of this anti-war novel, Vargas Llosa was accused of treason and aiding Ecuadorian emigrants. And several copies of his book were solemnly burned on the parade ground of the Leoncio Prado cadet school. However, this scandal only added to the popularity of the novel, which became one of the best literary works of Latin America of the 20th century. It has also been filmed many times. "One Hundred Years of Solitude." Gabriel Garcia Marquez (Colombia) The legendary novel by Gabriel García Márquez, a Colombian master of magical realism and winner of the 1982 Nobel Prize in Literature. In it, the author tells the 100-year history of the provincial town of Macondo, located in the middle of the jungle of South America. This book is recognized as a masterpiece of Latin American prose of the 20th century. In fact, Marquez managed to describe the entire continent with all its contradictions and extremes. “When I want to cry, I don’t cry.” Miguel Otero Silva (Venezuela) Miguel Otero Silva is one of Venezuela's greatest writers. His novel “When I Want to Cry, I Don’t Cry” is dedicated to the lives of three young people - an aristocrat, a terrorist and a bandit. Despite the fact that they have different social backgrounds, they all share the same destiny. Everyone is in search of their place in life, and everyone is destined to die for their beliefs. In this book, the author masterfully paints a picture of Venezuela under military dictatorship, and also shows the poverty and inequality of that era. BBK 83.3(2 ros=rus) Anastasia Mikhailovna Krasilnikova, graduate student, St. Petersburg State University technology and design (St. Petersburg, Russia), e-mail: [email protected] Latin American literature in Russian book publishing Latin American literature is popular all over the world, the history of its publication in Russia goes back 80 years, during which time a large amount of editorial experience has been accumulated, which needs to be analyzed. The work examines the reasons for the appearance of the first editions of Latin American literature in the USSR, changes in the choice of authors, circulation, preparation of the publishing apparatus in Soviet times and perestroika, as well as the state of publishing Latin American literature in modern Russia. The results of the work can be used in the preparation of new publications Latin American authors, and can also become the basis for studying reader interest in Latin American literature in Russia. The paper concludes that readers have a strong interest in Latin American literature and suggests several ways in which its publication can develop. Key words: Latin American literature, book publishing, publishing history, editing. Anastasia Mikhailovna Krasilnikova, Postgraduate Student, St. Petersburg State University of Technology and Design (St. Petersburg, Russia), e-mail: [email protected] Latin American Literature in Russian Book Publishing Latin American literature is popular all others the world, history of its publishing in Russia numbers 80 years, during this time the great experience of editing was accumulated, which is needed to be analyzed. The paper deals with the reasons for the appearance of the first publications of Latin American literature in the Soviet Union, changes in the selection of authors, number of printed copies and editing the secondary matter of publications in the Soviet period, as well as the state of publishing Latin American literature in modern Russia. The results of the research could be used in preparing new publications of Latin American authors as well as become a basis for research of the reader's interest in Latin American literature in Russia. The paper concludes that reader's interest in Latin American literature is strong and proposes several ways in which publishing of Latin American literature can develop. Keywords: Latin American literature, book publishing, history of publishing, editing. Latin American literature made itself known to the whole world in the middle of the 20th century. The reasons for the popularity of the “new” Latin American novel are many; In addition to cultural reasons, there were also economic reasons. Only in the 30s. last century, an extensive system of book publishing and, most importantly, book distribution began to emerge in Latin America. Until this moment, if something interesting could have appeared, no one would have known about it: the books were not published, let alone beyond the continent, beyond the borders of a single country. However, over time, literary magazines and publishing houses began to appear. Thanks to the largest Argentine publishing house, Sudamericana, many authors have gained fame: for example, from this publishing house the war has begun worldwide fame Garcia Marquez. One of the channels through which Latin American literature penetrated into Europe was, of course, Spain: “It is appropriate to emphasize here that at this time, despite the activities of the Sudamericana publishing house, it was Spain, or more precisely, Barcelona, that followed all the processes taking place in literature , and served as a showcase for boom authors, most of whom were published by the Seik-Barral publishing house, which occupied a leading position in this sense. Some of the writers lived in this city for a long time: García Márquez, Vargas Llosa, Donoso, Edwards, Bruce Echenique, Benedetti and, finally, Onetti." The role of the Pre-mio Bibliotheca Brive award, established by this Barcelona publishing house, is also important: since in Spain © A. M. Krasilnikova, 2012 No significant authors appeared at the institute; they tried to choose winners from Spanish-speaking countries (the winners of this prestigious prize were Vargas Llosa, Cabrera Infante, Haroldo Conti, Carlos Fuentos). Many Latin American writers have traveled widely, some of them lived in Europe for quite a long time. So Julio Cortazar lived for 30 years in Paris, and the French publishing house Gallimard also contributed to the spread of Latin American literature. If with Europe everything is more or less clear: once translated, a book became famous and was translated into other European languages, then with the penetration of Latin American literature into the USSR the situation is much more complicated. European recognition of this or that author was not authoritative for the Soviet Union; rather, on the contrary, approval by ideological enemies could hardly have a positive impact on the publishing fate of the writer in the USSR However, this does not mean that Latinos were banned. The very first book edition appeared back in 1932 - it was Cesar Vallejo’s novel “Tungsten” - a work in the spirit of socialist realism. The October Revolution attracted the attention of Latin American writers to the Soviet Union: “In Latin America, left-wing communist movements formed independently, practically without emissaries of the USSR, and left-wing ideology took a particularly strong position among the creative intelligentsia.” Cesar Vallejo visited the USSR three times - in 1928, 1929 and 1931, and shared his impressions in Parisian newspapers: “Driven by passion, enthusiasm and sincerity, the poet defends the achievements of socialism with propaganda pressure and dogmatism, as if borrowed from the pages of the newspaper Pravda ". Another supporter of the Soviet Union was Pablo Neruda, about whom translator Ella Braginskaya said: “Neruda is one of those great dramatic figures of the 20th century.<...>, who became ideological friends of the USSR and in some incomprehensible, fatal way were happy to be deceived, like many of their peers in our country, and saw with us what they dreamed of seeing.” Neruda's books were actively published in the USSR from 1939 to 1989. sideways, as a rule, they could not be identified with exemplary works of socialist realism, however, the political views of their authors made it possible for translators and editors to publish such works. The memoirs of L. Ospovat, who wrote the first book in Russian about Neruda’s work, are very indicative in this regard: “When asked whether he could be called a socialist realist, the Chilean poet grinned and said understandingly: “If you really need it, then you can.” If in the 30s and 40s only a few publications appeared, then in the 50s more than 10 books by Latin American writers were published, and then this number increased. Most of the publications that were prepared in Soviet times are distinguished by high-quality preparation. In relation to Latin American literature, this is important in two aspects. Firstly, Latin American realities, unknown and therefore incomprehensible to the Soviet reader, require commentary. And secondly, Latin American culture as a whole is characterized by the concept of “transculturation”, proposed by the Cuban anthropologist Fernando Ortiz, “... which does not mean the assimilation of one culture by another or the introduction into one of them of foreign elements of another, but the emergence as a result of cultural interaction new culture". In practice, this means that any Latin American author addresses the world in his work. cultural heritage: the works of European writers and philosophers, the world epic, religious dogmas, rethinks it and creates his own world. These references to a variety of works require intertextual commentary. If intertextual commentary is important in scientific publications, then real commentary is an urgent need for any mass publication. These do not necessarily have to be notes; an introductory article can also prepare readers for getting to know the work. Soviet publications can be accused of being too ideological, but they were produced very professionally. Famous translators and literary scholars participated in the preparation of the books, who were passionate about what they did, so most of the translations made in Soviet times, although imperfect, are in many ways superior to later ones. The same applies to comments. Such famous translators as E. Braginskaya, M. Bylinka, B. Dubin, V. Stolbov, I. Terteryan, V. Kuteyshchikova, L. Sinyanskaya and others worked on the publications of Latin American authors. The works of more than thirty Latin American writers have been translated into Russian and published in separate editions. Most of the authors are represented by two or three books, for example, Augusto Roa Bastos, the author of the famous anti-dictatorship novel “I, Supreme,” published only two books in the Soviet Union: “Son of Man” (M., 1967) and “ I, the Supreme" (M., 1980). However, there are authors who continue to be published today, for example, Jorge Amado's first book was published in 1951, and the last in 2011. His works have been published for sixty years without any significant interruptions. But there are few such authors: Miguel Angel Asturias was published in the USSR and Russia in 1958-2003, Mario Vargas Llosa in 1965-2011, Alejo Carpentier in 1968-2000, Gabriel García Márquez in 1971-2012, Julio Cortazar in 1971-2011, Carlos Fuentes in 1974-2011, Jorge Luis Borges in 1984-2011, Bioy Casares in 1987-2010. The principles for selecting authors often remain unclear. First of all, of course, the writers of the “boom” were published, but not all of their works, and even not all of their authors, have yet been translated. Thus, the book by Lewis Harss “On the crest of a wave” (Luis Harss Into the mainstream; conversations with Latin-American writers), which is considered to be the first work that shaped the very concept of the “boom” of Latin American literature, includes ten authors. Nine of them have been translated into Russian and published, but the works of João Guimarães Rosa remain untranslated into Russian. The “boom” itself took place in the 60s, but publications by Latin American writers in the USSR, as already mentioned, began to appear much earlier. The “new” novel was preceded by a long development. Already in the first half of the 20th century. Such venerable writers as Jorge Luis Borges and Jorge Amado worked, anticipating the “boom.” More writers, of course, are published in the 20th century, but not only. Thus, in 1964, poems by the Brazilian poet of the 18th century were translated and published into Russian. Thomas Antonio Gonzaga. ny prizes awarded to him. Latin American writers include six Nobel Prize winners: Gabriela Mistral (1945), Miguel Angel Asturias Rosales (1967), Pablo Neruda (1971), Gabriel García Márquez (1982), Octavio Paz (1990), Mario Vargas Llosa (2010). All of them have been translated into Russian. However, the work of Gabriela Mistral is represented by only two books; Octavio Paz published four of them. This can be explained, first of all, by the fact that Spanish-language poetry is generally less popular in Russia than prose. In the 80s, hitherto banned authors who did not share communist views began to appear. In 1984, the first edition by Jorge Luis Borges appeared. If until the 90s the number of publications by Latin American writers grew steadily (more than 50 books were published in the 80s), then in the 90s there was a noticeable decline in everything: the number of publications sharply decreased, circulation fell, and the printing performance of books deteriorated. In the first half of the 90s, the usual for the USSR circulations of 50, 100 thousand were still possible, but in the second half the circulations were five, ten thousand and remain so to this day. In the 90s There is a sharp reassessment of values: there are only a few authors left who continue to be published very actively. Collected works of Marquez, Cortazar, and Borges appear. The first collected works of Borges, published in 1994 (Riga: Polaris), are quite different high level preparation: it included all translated works at that time, accompanied by a detailed commentary. During the period from 1991 to 1998, only 19 books were published, and the same number were published in 1999 alone. 1999 was a harbinger of the 2000s, when there was an unprecedented increase in the number of publications: in the period from 2000 to 2009. Over two hundred books by Latin American authors have been published. However, the total circulation was incomparably less than in the 80s, since the average circulation in the 2000s was five thousand copies. Marquez and Cortazar are the constant favorites. The work that has been published in Russia more than any other work by a Latin American author is undoubtedly “One Hundred Years of Solitude.” Borges and Vargas Llosa continue to publish quite actively. Popularity by The latter was facilitated by receiving the Nobel Prize in 2010: in 2011, 5 of his books were immediately published. Publications of the early 21st century. distinguished by a minimum of preparation: as a rule, there are no introductory articles or comments in books - publishers prefer to publish a “bare” text, devoid of any accompanying apparatus. This is due to the desire to reduce the cost of the publication and reduce the time of its preparation. Another innovation is the publication of the same books in different designs - in different series. As a result, an illusion of choice appears: on the shelf in a bookstore there are several editions of “The Hopscotch Game,” but in reality it turns out that they are the same translation, the same text without an introductory article and without comments. It can be said that large publishing houses (AST, Eksmo) use names and titles known to readers as brands and do not care about wider familiarity of readers with the literature of Latin America. Another topic that needs to be addressed is the lag of several years in the publication of works. Initially, many writers began to be published in the USSR when they had already become world famous. So “One Hundred Years of Solitude” was published in Argentina in 1967, in the USSR in 1971, and this was Marquez’s first book in Russia. Such a lag is typical for all Latin American publications, but for the USSR this was normal and was explained by the complex organization of book publishing. However, much later, even when the writers were well known in Russia and created new works, the delay in publication remained: so last novel Cortazar's "Farewell Robinson" was written in 1995, but it was released in Russia only in 2001. At the same time, Marquez’s last novel, “Remembering My Sad Whores,” published in Spanish in 2004, was published in Russia a year later - in 2005. The same thing happened with Vargas Llosa’s novel “Adventures of a Bad Girl,” completed in 2006 . and published in Russia already in 2007. However, the novel by the same author “Paradise on the Other Corner”, written in 2003, was never translated. The interest of publishers in works imbued with eroticism is explained by an attempt to add scandal to the work of writers and to attract the attention of unprepared readers. Often this approach leads to a simplification of problems and incorrect presentation of works. The fact that interest in Latin American literature continues even without artificial heating on the part of publishers is evidenced by the appearance of books by authors who were not published in the USSR. This is, for example, a writer of the early 20th century. Leopoldo Lugones; two authors who anticipated the emergence of the “new” Latin American novel - Juan José Arreola and Juan Rulfo; poet Octavio Paz and prose writer Ernesto Sabato - authors of the mid-20th century. These books were published both in publishing houses that periodically published Latin American literature (“Amphora”, “ABC”, “Symposium”, “Terra-Book Club”), and in those that had never previously been interested in Latin American writers (“Swallowtail” , “Don Quixote”, “Ivan Limbach Publishing House”). Today, Latin American literature is represented in Russia by the works of prose writers (Mario Vargas Llosa, Ernesto Sabato, Juan Rulfo), poets (Gabriela Mistral, Octavio Paz, Leopoldo Lugones), playwrights (Emilio Carballido, Julio Cortazar). The vast majority are Spanish-language authors. The only actively published Portuguese-language author is Jorge Amado. The first publications of Latin American authors in the USSR were caused by ideological reasons - the writers’ loyalty to the communist government, but thanks to this, Soviet readers discovered the world of Latin American literature and fell in love with it, which is confirmed by the fact that Latin Americans continue to be actively published in modern Russia. During the Soviet years, the best translations and commentaries of Latin American works were created; with perestroika, much less attention was paid to the preparation of publications. Publishing houses were faced with a new problem for them in making money, and therefore the approach to book publishing completely changed, including changes in the publishing of Latin American literature: preference began to be given to mass publications with a minimum of preparation. Today, print publications compete with the increasingly popular e-books. The text of almost any published work can be downloaded for free from the Internet, so it is unlikely that publishers will be able to exist without changing their strategy in preparing books. One of the ways is to improve printing performance and release expensive exclusive publications. So, for example, the Vita Nova publishing house released in 2011 a luxurious leather-bound gift edition of “One Hundred Years of Solitude” by Gabriel Marquez. Another way is to release high-quality publications with detailed, conveniently structured Let's jump to another one no less talented literature- Latin American. Edition The Telegraph has created a selection of the 10 best novels by writers from Latin America and works set there. The selection is truly worth summer reading. Which authors have you already read? Graham Greene "Power and Glory" (1940) This time, a novel by British writer Graham Greene about a Catholic priest in Mexico in the 1920s and 30s. At the same time, severe persecution took place in the country catholic church military organization "Red Shirts". The main character, contrary to the orders of the authorities, under pain of execution without trial or investigation, continues to visit remote villages (his wife and his child live in one of them), serve masses, baptize, confess and give communion to his parishioners. In 1947, the novel was filmed by John Ford. Ernesto Che Guevara "The Motorcycle Diaries" (1993) The story is about how a young Che Guevara, a 23-year-old medical student, sets off from Argentina on a motorcycle trip. He returns as a man with a mission. According to his daughter, he returned from there even more sensitive to the problems of Latin America. The journey lasted nine months. During this time he covered eight thousand kilometers. In addition to motorcycles, he traveled by horse, boat, ferry, bus, and hitchhiking. The book is a story of a journey of self-discovery. Octavio Paz "Labyrinth of Loneliness" (1950) “Loneliness is the deepest meaning of human existence,”- wrote the Mexican poet Octavio Paz in this famous collection of poems. “A person is always longing and searching for belonging. Therefore, every time we feel like a person, we feel the absence of another, we feel lonely.” And many more beautiful and deep things about loneliness were comprehended by Paz and turned into poetry. Isabel Allende "House of Spirits" (1982) Isabel Allende's idea for this novel began when she received news that her 100-year-old grandfather was dying. She decided to write him a letter. This letter became the manuscript of his debut novel "House of Spirits" In it, the novelist created the history of Chile using the example of a family saga through the stories of female heroines. "Five years", Allende says, I was already a feminist, but no one knew this word in Chile.” This novel was written in best traditions magical realism. Before becoming a bestseller in the world, it was rejected by several publishers. Paulo Coelho "Alchemist" (1988) A book that was included in the Guinness Book of Records for the number of translations by a modern author. The allegorical novel by the Brazilian writer tells the story of the journey of an Andalusian shepherd to Egypt. main idea books - if you really want something, it will happen. Roberto Bolaño "Wild Detectives" (1998) “Born in 1953, the year Stalin and Dylan Thomas died,” Bolaño wrote in his biography. This is the story of the search for a Mexican poet in the 1920s by two other poets - Arturo Bolaño (the prototype of the author) and the Mexican Ulises Lima. For it, the Chilean author received the Romulo Gallegos Prize. Laura Esquivel "Like water for chocolate" (1989) “We are all born with a box of matches inside, and since we cannot light them ourselves, we need, as happens during the experiment, oxygen and a candle flame,” writes Esquivel in this charming and realistic Mexican melodrama. The main feature of the work is that the emotions of the main character Tita fall into all the delicious dishes that she prepares. LATIN AMERICAN LITERATURE Collier's Encyclopedia. - Open Society. 2000 . See what "LATINO AMERICAN LITERATURE" is in other dictionaries:
Literature of Latin American countries, forming a single linguistic and cultural region. Its origins date back to the 16th century, when, during colonization, the language of the conquerors spread across the continent (Spanish in most countries, in Brazil... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia Philosophical thought of Latin American countries. A peculiarity of Latin American philosophy is its peripheral nature. After the Conquest, the phenomenon of Latin (Spanish) America itself appeared, centers of European education were formed and were ... Wikipedia Latin American Free Trade Association- (LAST; Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio), in 196080, a trade and economic association that included Mexico, Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay, Chile and Ecuador. Considered as... Latin American Trade Union Confederation- (Confederación Sindical Latinoamericana), an association of trade unions in a number of Latin American countries (192936), adjacent to the Red International of Trade Unions. Created on May 18-26, 1929 in Montevideo (Uruguay) at the Congress of Progressive Trade Unions... ... Encyclopedic reference book "Latin America" Science and culture. Literature- Developed mainly in Spanish, Portuguese, French and English languages(for English-language Caribbean literature, see West Indian Literature and the Literature sections in the articles on the corresponding Latin American countries) ... Encyclopedic reference book "Latin America" Colombia. Literature- Literature is developed in Spanish. The culture of Indian tribes on the territory of modern Kazakhstan was destroyed by Spanish colonialists in the 16th century. The folklore of these tribes (mainly folk songs in local Indian languages) was preserved only in... ... Encyclopedic reference book "Latin America" ARGENTINEAN LITERATURE- ARGENTINEAN LITERATURE, literature of the Argentine people. Developed in Spanish. Literary monuments of the Indian tribes that inhabited Argentina have not been preserved. In the literature of the colonial period (early XVI early XIX centuries) noticeably... Literary encyclopedic dictionary Argentina. Literature- A. literature develops in Spanish Folklore and literary monuments The Indian tribes that inhabited Africa have not survived. Literature of the colonial period (beginning XVI beginning XIX centuries) is represented by the poem “Pilgrim in Babylon” by L. de Tejeda... ... Encyclopedic reference book "Latin America", . In the first volume, the reader will meet such outstanding masters as the Cuban Alejo Carpentier, the Mexican Juan Rulfo, the Brazilian Jorge Amado, the Argentinean Ernesto Sabato and Julio Cortazar, etc.... |
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