One Algerian king, Bauakas, wanted to find out for himself whether it was true that they told him that in one of his cities there was a righteous judge, that he would immediately know the truth and that not a single rogue could hide from him. Bauakas disguised himself as a merchant and rode on horseback to the city where the judge lived. At the entrance to the city, a crippled man approached Bauacas and began to beg for alms. Bauakas handed it to him and wanted to move on, but the cripple clung to his dress.

- What do you need? – asked Bauakas. “Didn’t I give you alms?”

“You gave alms,” said the cripple, “but also do me a favor - take me on your horse to the square, otherwise the horses and camels might not crush me.”

Bauakas put the cripple behind him and drove him to the square. In the square, Bauacas stopped his horse. But the beggar did not get down.

Bauakas said:

- Why are you sitting, get down, we’ve arrived.

And the beggar said:

- Why get off, - my horse; If you don’t want to give up the horse, let’s go to the judge.

The people gathered around them and listened as they argued; everyone shouted:

- Go to the judge, he will judge you.

Bauakas and the cripple went to the judge. There were people in court, and the judge called those he was judging one by one. Before Bauacas's turn came, the judge summoned the scientist and the man: they were suing for their wife. The man said that it was his wife, and the scientist said that it was his wife. The judge listened to them, paused and said:

“Leave the woman with me, and come back tomorrow.”

When these had left, the butcher and the oil worker entered. The butcher was covered in blood, and the oil man was covered in oil. The butcher held money in his hand, and the oil man held the butcher’s hand.

Butcher said:

“I bought oil from this man and took out my wallet to pay, but he grabbed me by the hand and wanted to take the money. That’s how we came to you - I’m holding my wallet in my hand, and he’s holding my hand. But the money is mine, and he is a thief.

And the Maslenik said:

- It is not true. The butcher came to me to buy butter. When I poured him a full jug, he asked me to change him a gold one. I took out the money and put it on the bench, and he took it and wanted to run. I caught him by the hand and brought him here.

The judge paused and said:

– Leave the money here and come back tomorrow.

When it was the turn of Bauakas and the cripple, Bauakas told how it happened. The judge listened to him and asked the beggar. The beggar said:

- This is all untrue. I was riding horseback through the city, and he was sitting on the ground and asking me to give him a ride. I put him on a horse and took him where he needed to go; but he did not want to get off and said that the horse was his. It is not true.

The judge thought and said:

“Leave the horse with me and come back tomorrow.”

The next day a lot of people gathered to hear how the judge would judge.

The scientist and the man were the first to approach.

“Take your wife,” the judge said to the scientist, “and give the peasant fifty sticks.”

The scientist took his wife, and the man was immediately punished. Then the judge called the butcher.

“The money is yours,” he said to the butcher; then he pointed to the Maslenik and said: “Give him fifty sticks.”

Then they called Bauakas and the cripple.

– Do you recognize your horse from twenty others? the judge asked Bauakas.

“And I will know,” said the cripple.

“Follow me,” the judge said to Bauakas.

They went to the stables. Bauakas immediately pointed to his own among the other twenty horses.

Then the judge called the cripple into the stable and also told him to point to the horse. The cripple recognized the horse and showed it.

Then the judge sat down in his seat and said to Bauacas:

- The horse is yours; take her. And give the cripple fifty sticks. After the trial, the judge went home, and Bauakas followed him.

- What are you, or are you dissatisfied with my decision? – asked the judge.

“No, I’m happy,” said Bauakas. “I would just like to know why you found out that the wife was a scientist, not a peasant, that the money was from a butcher, not from Maslenik, and that the horse was mine, not a beggar’s?”

“I found out about the woman this way: I called her to my place in the morning and told her: “Pour ink into my inkwell.” She took the inkwell, washed it quickly and deftly, and filled it with ink. So she was used to doing this. If she were a man's wife, she would not be able to do this. It turns out that the scientist was right. This is how I found out about money: I put the money in a cup of water and this morning I looked to see if the oil floated on the water. If the money had been Maslenik’s, it would have been soiled by his oily hands. There was no oil in the water, so the butcher was telling the truth. It was more difficult to find out about the horse. The cripple, like you, out of twenty horses, immediately pointed to the horse. Yes, I didn’t bring you both to the stable to see if you recognized the horse, but to see which of you two the horse would recognize. When you approached her, she turned her head and reached out to you; and when the cripple touched her, she laid back her ears and raised her leg.

ABOUT female images in nineteenth-century novels it was common to say “captivating.” This definition suits Natasha Rostova and Princess Marya, despite all its banality.

How different at first glance are the thin, agile, graceful Natasha and the clumsy, ugly Marya Bolkonskaya! Natasha Rostova is the personification of love, life, happiness, youth and feminine charm. Princess Bolkonskaya is a dull, unattractive, absent-minded girl who can only count on marriage thanks to her wealth.

Natasha is characterized by gullibility, spontaneity, and emotionality. Old Count Ilya Andreich is good-natured, simple-minded, and loves to laugh heartily. The Rostovs’ house is always noisy and cheerful, there are many guests who sincerely love this hospitable house. In the Rostov family, children are not just loved by natural parenting

The princess is afraid of her father, she does not dare take a step without his knowledge, does not obey him, even when he is wrong. Marya, who passionately loves her father, cannot, for fear of causing an explosion of her father’s anger, even caress or kiss him. Her life, still a young and intelligent girl, is very difficult.

Natasha’s existence is only occasionally overshadowed by funny girlish grievances. Natasha's mother is her best friend. The daughter tells her about all her joys, sorrows, doubts and disappointments. There is something touching in their intimate evening conversations. Natasha is close to both her brother Nikolai and her cousin Sonya.

And Princess Marya’s only consolation is letters from Julie Karagina, whom Marya knows best from her letters. In her solitude, the princess becomes close only with her companion, Mlle Bourienne.

Forced seclusion, the difficult character of her father and the dreamy nature of Marya herself make her devout. For Princess Bolkonskaya, God becomes everything in life: her assistant, mentor, strict judge. At times she becomes ashamed of her own earthly actions and thoughts, and she dreams of devoting herself to God, going somewhere far, far away in order to free herself from everything sinful and alien.

Such thoughts do not occur to Natasha. She is cheerful, cheerful and full of energy. Her youth, beauty, involuntary coquetry and magical voice enchant many. And indeed, one cannot help but admire Natasha. Her freshness, grace, poetic appearance, simplicity and spontaneity in communication contrast with the pompous and unnatural manners of society ladies and young ladies.

At the very first ball, Natasha was noticed. And Andrei Bolkonsky suddenly realizes that this young girl, almost a girl, has turned his whole life upside down, filled it with new meaning, that everything that he previously considered important and necessary now has no meaning for him. Natasha's love makes her even more charming, charming and unique. The happiness she dreamed of so much fills her completely.

Princess Marya does not have such an all-consuming feeling of love for one person, so she tries to love everyone, and still spends a lot of time in prayer and everyday concerns. Her soul, like Natasha’s, is waiting for love and ordinary female happiness, but the princess does not admit this even to herself. Her restraint and patience help her in all life's difficulties.

But despite the external dissimilarity, the dissimilarity of characters, given not only by nature, but also formed under the influence of the conditions in which Natasha Rostova and Princess Marya lived, these two women have a lot in common.

Both Marya Bolkonskaya and Natasha are endowed by the author with a rich spiritual world, inner beauty, whom Pierre Bezukhov and Andrei Bolkonsky loved so much in Natasha and whom Nikolai Rostov admires in his wife. Natasha and Marya completely surrender to each of their feelings, be it joy or sadness. Their spiritual impulses are often selfless and noble. They both think more about others, loved ones and loved ones, than about themselves.

For Princess Marya, all her life God remained the ideal to which her soul aspired. But Natasha, especially during difficult periods of her life (for example, after the story with Anatoly Kuragin), gave herself up to a feeling of admiration for the Almighty and Almighty.

They both wanted moral purity, a spiritual life, where there would be no place for resentment, anger, envy, injustice, where everything would be sublime and beautiful.

The word “femininity” largely determines the human essence of Tolstoy’s heroines. This includes Natasha’s charm, tenderness, passion, and the beautiful, radiant eyes of Marya Bolkonskaya, filled with some kind of inner light. Tolstoy speaks especially about the eyes of his favorite heroines. For Princess Marya they are “big, deep”, “always sad”, “more attractive than beauty”. Natasha’s eyes are “lively”, “beautiful”, “laughing”, “attentive”, “kind”. They say that the eyes are the mirror of the soul; for Natasha and Marya, they are indeed a reflection of their inner world.

The family life of Marya and Natasha is an ideal marriage, strong family connection. Both Tolstoy heroines devote themselves to their husbands and children, giving all their spiritual and physical strength raising children and creating home comfort. Both Natasha (now Bezukhova) and Marya (Rostova) are happy in family life, happy with the happiness of their children and beloved husbands.

Tolstoy emphasizes the beauty of his heroines in a new quality for them - loving wife and tender mother. Of course, one may not accept the “grounding” and “simplification” of the poetic and charming Natasha. But she considers herself happy, having dissolved in her children and husband, which means that such “simplification” is not a simplification at all for Natasha, but simply new period her life. The influence of both women on their husbands, their mutual understanding, mutual respect and love is amazing. Princess Marya and Natasha became related not only by blood, but also by spirit. They are related in their way of thinking, in their enduring desire to do good and bring light, beauty and love to people.

In the image of Natasha - mother and wife, the author proposed his solution to the question of the purpose of a woman, her role in society. By simplifying the marriage of his beloved heroine, Tolstoy sharpened his position in opposition to contemporary feminist movements, which he did not recognize.

Righteous Judge

One Algerian king, Bauakas, wanted to find out for himself whether it was true that they told him that in one of his cities there was a righteous judge, that he would immediately know the truth and that not a single rogue could hide from him. Bauakas disguised himself as a merchant and rode on horseback to the city where the judge lived. At the entrance to the city, a crippled man approached Bauacas and began to beg for alms. Bauakas handed it to him and wanted to move on, but the cripple clung to his dress.

- What do you need? – asked Bauakas. “Didn’t I give you alms?”

“You gave alms,” said the cripple, “but also do me a favor - take me on your horse to the square, otherwise the horses and camels might not crush me.”

Bauakas put the cripple behind him and drove him to the square. In the square, Bauacas stopped his horse. But the beggar did not get down.

- Why are you sitting, get down, we’ve arrived.

- Why get off, - my horse; If you don’t want to give up the horse, let’s go to the judge.

The people gathered around them and listened as they argued; everyone shouted:

- Go to the judge, he will judge you.

Bauakas and the cripple went to the judge. There were people in court, and the judge called those he was judging one by one. Before Bauacas's turn came, the judge summoned the scientist and the man: they were suing for their wife. The man said that it was his wife, and the scientist said that it was his wife. The judge listened to them, paused and said:

“Leave the woman with me, and come back tomorrow.”

When these had left, the butcher and the oil worker entered. The butcher was covered in blood, and the oil man was covered in oil. The butcher held money in his hand, and the oil man held the butcher’s hand.

“I bought oil from this man and took out my wallet to pay, but he grabbed me by the hand and wanted to take the money. That’s how we came to you - I’m holding my wallet in my hand, and he’s holding my hand. But the money is mine, and he is a thief.

And the Maslenik said:

- It is not true. The butcher came to me to buy butter. When I poured him a full jug, he asked me to change him a gold one. I took out the money and put it on the bench, and he took it and wanted to run. I caught him by the hand and brought him here.

The judge paused and said:

– Leave the money here and come back tomorrow.

When it was the turn of Bauakas and the cripple, Bauakas told how it happened. The judge listened to him and asked the beggar. The beggar said:

- This is all untrue. I was riding horseback through the city, and he was sitting on the ground and asking me to give him a ride. I put him on a horse and took him where he needed to go; but he did not want to get off and said that the horse was his. It is not true.

The judge thought and said:

“Leave the horse with me and come back tomorrow.”

The next day a lot of people gathered to hear how the judge would judge.

The scientist and the man were the first to approach.

“Take your wife,” the judge said to the scientist, “and give the peasant fifty sticks.”

The scientist took his wife, and the man was immediately punished. Then the judge called the butcher.

“The money is yours,” he said to the butcher; then he pointed to the Maslenik and said: “Give him fifty sticks.”

Then they called Bauakas and the cripple.

– Do you recognize your horse from twenty others? the judge asked Bauakas.

“And I will know,” said the cripple.

“Follow me,” the judge said to Bauakas.

They went to the stables. Bauakas immediately pointed to his own among the other twenty horses.

Then the judge called the cripple into the stable and also told him to point to the horse. The cripple recognized the horse and showed it.

Then the judge sat down in his seat and said to Bauacas:

- The horse is yours; take her. And give the cripple fifty sticks. After the trial, the judge went home, and Bauakas followed him.

- What are you, or are you dissatisfied with my decision? – asked the judge.

“No, I’m happy,” said Bauakas. “I would just like to know why you found out that the wife was a scientist, not a peasant, that the money was from a butcher, not from Maslenik, and that the horse was mine, not a beggar’s?”

“I found out about the woman this way: I called her to my place in the morning and told her: “Pour ink into my inkwell.” She took the inkwell, washed it quickly and deftly, and filled it with ink. So she was used to doing this. If she were a man's wife, she would not be able to do this. It turns out that the scientist was right. This is how I found out about money: I put the money in a cup of water and this morning I looked to see if the oil floated on the water. If the money had been Maslenik’s, it would have been soiled by his oily hands. There was no oil in the water, so the butcher was telling the truth. It was more difficult to find out about the horse. The cripple, like you, out of twenty horses, immediately pointed to the horse. Yes, I didn’t bring you both to the stable to see if you recognized the horse, but to see which of you two the horse would recognize. When you approached her, she turned her head and reached out to you; and when the cripple touched her, she laid back her ears and raised her leg. From this I learned that you are the real owner of the horse. Then Bauakas said:

“I am not a merchant, but King Bauacas.” I came here to see if what they say about you is true. I see now that you are a wise judge.

Tolstoy L.N. - Living corpse - summary by chapter

Elizaveta Andreevna Protasova decides to leave her husband, Fyodor Vasilyevich, whose lifestyle is becoming unbearable for her: Fedya Protasov drinks, squanders his and his wife’s fortune. Lisa's mother approves of her decision, her sister Sasha is categorically against parting with such an amazing, albeit weak, person as Fedya. The mother believes that, having received a divorce, Lisa will unite her fate with her childhood friend Viktor Mikhailovich Karenin. Lisa makes a last attempt to return her husband and for this she sends Karenin to him. He finds Protasov among the gypsies, in the company of several officers. Listening to his favorite songs “Kanavela”, “Fateful Hour”, “Not Evening”, Fedya remarks: “And why can a person reach this delight, but cannot continue it?” He rejects his wife's request to return to the family.

Everything suggests that Liza Protasova should unite her fate with Viktor Karenin: he has loved her since childhood, deep down she reciprocates his feelings; Victor also loves her little son Mishechka. Victor's mother, Anna Dmitrievna, would also be glad to see Lisa as her son's wife, if not for the difficult circumstances associated with this.

The gypsy Masha, whose singing he loves so much, falls in love with Fedya. This infuriates her parents, who believe that the master ruined their daughter. Masha is also trying to convince Fedya to take pity on his wife and return home. He rejects this request too - confident that he now lives in accordance with his conscience. Having left his family, alone, Protasov begins to write. He reads to Masha the beginning of his prose: “ Late autumn My friend and I agreed to gather at the Muryga site. This site was a strong island with strong broods. It was a dark, warm, quiet day. Fog…"

Viktor Karenin, through Prince Abrezkov, is trying to find out about Protasov’s further intentions. He confirms that he is ready for a divorce, but is not capable of the lies associated with this. Fedya tries to explain to Abrezkov why he cannot lead a respectable life: “No matter what I do, I always feel that it is not what I need, and I am ashamed. And to be a leader, to sit in a bank - it’s so shameful, so embarrassing... And only when you drink will it stop being ashamed.” He promises in two weeks to remove the obstacles to the marriage of Lisa and Karenin, whom he considers a decent and boring person.

To free his wife, Fedya tries to shoot himself, even writes a farewell letter, but does not find the strength to do this. Gypsy Masha invites him to fake suicide, leaving clothes and a letter on the river bank. Fedya agrees.

Lisa and Karenin are awaiting news from Protasov: he must sign a petition for divorce. Lisa tells Victor about her love without remorse and without return, that everything has disappeared from her heart except her love for him. Instead of a signed petition, Karenin's secretary, Voznesensky, brings a letter from Protasov. He writes that he feels like an outsider, interfering with the happiness of Lisa and Victor, but he cannot lie, give bribes in the consistory to get a divorce, and

A year later, in a dirty room of a tavern, a dejected, ragged Fedya Protasov sits and talks with the artist Petushkov. Fedya explains to Petushkov that he could not choose for himself any fate from those that were possible for a person of his circle: he was disgusted to serve, make money and thus “increase the dirty tricks in which you live,” but he was not a hero, capable of destroying this dirty trick. Therefore, he could only forget himself - drink, walk, sing; which is what he did. In his wife ideal woman, he did not find what is called zest; There was no game in their life without which it was impossible to forget. Fedya remembers the gypsy Masha, whom he loved - most of all because he left her, and thus did her good, not evil. “But you know,” says Fedya, “we love people for the good we did to them, and we don’t love them for the evil we did to them.”

Protasov tells Petushkov the story of his transformation into a “living corpse”, after which his wife was able to marry a respectable man who loved her. This story is overheard by Artemyev, who happens to be nearby. He begins to blackmail Fedya, inviting him to demand money from his wife in exchange for silence. Protasov refuses; Artemyev gives him into the hands of the policeman.

In the village, on a terrace covered with ivy, pregnant Liza awaits the arrival of her husband, Viktor Karenin. He brings letters from the city, among which there is a paper from the forensic investigator with a message that Protasov is alive. Everyone is desperate.

The forensic investigator takes testimony from Lisa and Karenin. They are accused of bigamy and of knowing about Protasov's staging of suicide. The matter is complicated by the fact that Lisa previously identified what was found in dead water the body is like the corpse of her husband, and in addition, Karenin regularly sent money to Saratov, and now refuses to explain to whom it was intended. Although the money was sent to a figurehead, it was in Saratov that Protasov lived all this time.

Brought in for a confrontation, Protasov asks for forgiveness from Lisa and Victor and assures the investigator that they did not know that he was alive. He sees that the investigator is torturing them all only in order to show his power over them, not understanding the spiritual struggle taking place in them.

During the trial, Fedya is in some kind of special excitement. During the break, his former friend Ivan Petrovich Aleksandrov hands him a pistol. Having learned that his wife's second marriage will be dissolved, and he and Lisa are facing exile to Siberia, Protasov shoots himself in the heart. At the sound of the shot, Lisa, Masha, Karenin, the judges and the defendants run out. Fedya asks for forgiveness from Lisa for not being able to “unravel” her otherwise. “How good... How good...” he repeats before dying.

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Comments to summary works “Tolstoy Lev Nikolaevich - The Living Corpse”:

Leo Tolstoy the righteous judge summary

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Fairy tales Sergei Kozlov

Today we have added fairy tales by the wonderful author Sergei Kozlov. Everyone knows or has at least heard about the hedgehog in the fog. In childhood we sang a song about white-maned horses. All the fairy tales are very kind, reading them is interesting and instructive not only for children, but also for adults. They charge with optimism. We recommend

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| collection website
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| Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy
| Righteous Judge
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One Algerian king, Bauakas, wanted to find out for himself whether it was true that they told him that in one of his cities there was a righteous judge, that he would immediately know the truth and that not a single rogue could hide from him. Bauakas disguised himself as a merchant and rode on horseback to the city where the judge lived. At the entrance to the city, a crippled man approached Bauacas and began to beg for alms. Bauakas handed it to him and wanted to move on, but the cripple clung to his dress.
- What do you need? – asked Bauakas. “Didn’t I give you alms?”
“You gave alms,” said the cripple, “but also do me a favor - take me on your horse to the square, otherwise the horses and camels might not crush me.”
Bauakas put the cripple behind him and drove him to the square. In the square, Bauacas stopped his horse. But the beggar did not get down. Bauakas said:
- Why are you sitting, get down, we’ve arrived. And the beggar said:
- Why get off, - my horse; If you don’t want to give up the horse, let’s go to the judge.
The people gathered around them and listened as they argued; everyone shouted:
- Go to the judge, he will judge you.
Bauakas and the cripple went to the judge. There were people in court, and the judge called those he was judging one by one. Before the turn came to Bauacas, the judge summoned the scientist and the man, they were suing for his wife. The man said that it was his wife, and the scientist said that it was his wife. The judge listened to them, paused and said:
“Leave the woman with me, and come back tomorrow.”
When these had left, the butcher and the oil worker entered. The butcher was covered in blood, and the oil man was covered in oil. The butcher held money in his hand, and the oil man held the butcher’s hand. Butcher said:
“I bought oil from this man and took out my wallet to pay, but he grabbed me by the hand and wanted to take the money. That’s how we came to you - I’m holding my wallet in my hand, and he’s holding my hand. But the money is mine, and he is a thief.
And the Maslenik said:
- It is not true. The butcher came to me to buy butter. When I poured him a full jug, he asked me to change it, he wanted a gold one. I took out the money and put it on the bench, and he took it and wanted to run. I caught him by the hand and brought him here.
The judge paused and said:
– Leave the money here and come back tomorrow.
When it was the turn of Bauakas and the cripple, Bauakas told how it happened. The judge listened to him and asked the beggar.
The beggar said:
- This is all untrue. I was riding horseback through the city, and he was sitting on the ground and asking me to give him a ride. I put him on a horse and took him where he needed to go; but he did not want to get off and said that the horse was his.

It is not true.
The judge thought and said:
– Leave the horse with me and come back tomorrow.
The next day a lot of people gathered to hear how the judge would judge.
The scientist and the man were the first to approach.
“Take your wife,” the judge said to the scientist, “and give the peasant fifty sticks.”
The scientist took his wife, and the man was immediately punished.
Then the judge called the butcher.
“The money is yours,” he said to the butcher; then he pointed to the Maslenik and said: “Give him fifty sticks.”
Then they called Bauakas and the cripple.
– Do you recognize your horse from twenty others? the judge asked Bauakas.
– I’ll find out.
- And you?
“And I will know,” said the cripple.
“Follow me,” the judge said to Bauakas.
They went to the stables. Bauakas immediately pointed to his own among the other twenty horses.
Then the judge called the cripple into the stable and also told him to point to the horse. The cripple recognized the horse and showed it.
Then the judge sat down in his seat and said to Bauacas:
- The horse is yours; take her. And give the cripple fifty sticks.
After the trial, the judge went home, and Bauakas followed him.
- What are you, or are you dissatisfied with my decision? – asked the judge.
“No, I’m happy,” said Bauakas. “I would just like to know why you found out that the wife was a scientist, not a peasant, that the money was from a butcher, not from Maslenik, and that the horse was mine, not a beggar’s?”
“I found out about the woman this way: I called her to my place in the morning and told her: “Pour ink into my inkwell.” She took the inkwell, washed it quickly and deftly, and filled it with ink. So she was used to doing this. If she were a man's wife, she would not be able to do this. It turns out that the scientist was right. This is how I found out about the money: I put the money in a cup of water and this morning I looked to see if the oil floated on the water. If the money had been Maslenik’s, it would have been soiled by his oily hands. There was no oil in the water, so the butcher was telling the truth. It was more difficult to find out about the horse. The cripple, like you, out of twenty horses, immediately pointed to the horse. Yes, I didn’t bring you both to the stable to see if you recognized the horse, but to see which of you two the horse would recognize. When you approached her, she turned her head and reached out to you; and when the cripple touched her, she laid back her ears and raised her leg. From this I learned that you are the real owner of the horse.
Then Bauakas said:
“I am not a merchant, but King Bauacas.” I came here to see if what they say about you is true. I see now that you are a wise judge.

Here is an introductory fragment of the book.
Only part of the text is open for free reading (restriction of the copyright holder). If you liked the book, full text can be obtained from our partner's website.

One Algerian king, Bauakas, wanted to find out for himself whether it was true that they told him that in one of his cities there was a righteous judge, that he would immediately know the truth and that not a single rogue could hide from him. Bauakas disguised himself as a merchant and rode on horseback to the city where the judge lived. At the entrance to the city, a crippled man approached Bauacas and began to beg for alms. Bauakas handed it to him and wanted to move on, but the cripple clung to his dress.

- What do you need? – asked Bauakas. “Didn’t I give you alms?”

“You gave alms,” said the cripple, “but also do me a favor - take me on your horse to the square, otherwise the horses and camels might not crush me.”

Bauakas put the cripple behind him and drove him to the square. In the square, Bauacas stopped his horse. But the beggar did not get down.

Bauakas said:

- Why are you sitting, get down, we’ve arrived.

And the beggar said:

- Why get off, - my horse; If you don’t want to give up the horse, let’s go to the judge.

The people gathered around them and listened as they argued; everyone shouted:

- Go to the judge, he will judge you.

Bauakas and the cripple went to the judge. There were people in court, and the judge called those he was judging one by one. Before Bauacas's turn came, the judge summoned the scientist and the man: they were suing for their wife. The man said that it was his wife, and the scientist said that it was his wife. The judge listened to them, paused and said:

“Leave the woman with me, and come back tomorrow.”

When these had left, the butcher and the oil worker entered. The butcher was covered in blood, and the oil man was covered in oil. The butcher held money in his hand, and the oil man held the butcher’s hand.

Butcher said:

“I bought oil from this man and took out my wallet to pay, but he grabbed me by the hand and wanted to take the money. That’s how we came to you - I’m holding my wallet in my hand, and he’s holding my hand. But the money is mine, and he is a thief.

And the Maslenik said:

- It is not true. The butcher came to me to buy butter. When I poured him a full jug, he asked me to change him a gold one. I took out the money and put it on the bench, and he took it and wanted to run. I caught him by the hand and brought him here.

The judge paused and said:

– Leave the money here and come back tomorrow.

When it was the turn of Bauakas and the cripple, Bauakas told how it happened. The judge listened to him and asked the beggar. The beggar said:

- This is all untrue. I was riding horseback through the city, and he was sitting on the ground and asking me to give him a ride. I put him on a horse and took him where he needed to go; but he did not want to get off and said that the horse was his. It is not true.

The judge thought and said:

“Leave the horse with me and come back tomorrow.”

The next day a lot of people gathered to hear how the judge would judge.

The scientist and the man were the first to approach.

“Take your wife,” the judge said to the scientist, “and give the peasant fifty sticks.”

The scientist took his wife, and the man was immediately punished. Then the judge called the butcher.

“The money is yours,” he said to the butcher; then he pointed to the Maslenik and said: “Give him fifty sticks.”

Then they called Bauakas and the cripple.

– Do you recognize your horse from twenty others? the judge asked Bauakas.

“And I will know,” said the cripple.

“Follow me,” the judge said to Bauakas.

They went to the stables. Bauakas immediately pointed to his own among the other twenty horses.

Then the judge called the cripple into the stable and also told him to point to the horse. The cripple recognized the horse and showed it.

Then the judge sat down in his seat and said to Bauacas:

- The horse is yours; take her. And give the cripple fifty sticks. After the trial, the judge went home, and Bauakas followed him.

- What are you, or are you dissatisfied with my decision? – asked the judge.

“No, I’m happy,” said Bauakas. “I would just like to know why you found out that the wife was a scientist, not a peasant, that the money was from a butcher, not from Maslenik, and that the horse was mine, not a beggar’s?”

“I found out about the woman this way: I called her to my place in the morning and told her: “Pour ink into my inkwell.” She took the inkwell, washed it quickly and deftly, and filled it with ink. So she was used to doing this. If she were a man's wife, she would not be able to do this. It turns out that the scientist was right. This is how I found out about money: I put the money in a cup of water and this morning I looked to see if the oil floated on the water. If the money had been Maslenik’s, it would have been soiled by his oily hands. There was no oil in the water, so the butcher was telling the truth. It was more difficult to find out about the horse. The cripple, like you, out of twenty horses, immediately pointed to the horse. Yes, I didn’t bring you both to the stable to see if you recognized the horse, but to see which of you two the horse would recognize. When you approached her, she turned her head and reached out to you; and when the cripple touched her, she laid back her ears and raised her leg. From this I learned that you are the real owner of the horse. Then Bauakas said:

“I am not a merchant, but King Bauacas.” I came here to see if what they say about you is true. I see now that you are a wise judge.