Appendix 6

Moral ideals and covenants Ancient Rus'

in “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom”.

Workshop lesson in 7th grade.

Target : show children high moral character main character“Tales...”, the greatness and beauty of relationships based on love, consolidate priority in the minds of students moral values over material things, to cultivate goodwill, modesty, sensitivity, honesty, the ability to forgive, loyalty in love and friendship. Encourage children to take actions that bring good fruit, develop the concept of ancient Russian chronicles, the skills of verbal description of heroes and the ability to answer questions correctly.

Equipment: modern icon “Peter and Fevronia of Murom”, books and magazines on spiritual and moral education, electronic presentation “Russian Saints”.

During the classes:

“Morality is the same in all ages and for all people. Reading

about the outdated in detail, we can find a lot for ourselves.”

D.S. Likhachev.

1.Checking homework. Students answer the questions:

Why did the “Elementary Russian Chronicle” become known as “The Tale of Bygone Years”?

What events are reflected in the oldest Russian chronicle?

What are the features of ancient Russian chronicles? ( Instructive character ancient Russian literature, wisdom, continuity of generations, love for the Motherland, religiosity, imagery, fortitude).

II . Explanation of new material.

Teacher's word:

1. In Rus' there have always been people who not only followed the biblical commandments of a righteous life, but also performed spiritual exploits similar to the exploits of the ancient prophets, apostles, and martyrs of the faith. Some of them went into the desert, where there was not a single person, and lived there all their lives. They communicated with God all day and even night.

Which Russian saints can you name? What do you know about them?

(The students conducted research “Russian Saints”, together with the teacher created an electronic presentation of the same name and prepared short messages about the saints of the Russian land).

Students are shown an electronic presentation “Russian Saints”. The teacher comments on the slides. For example: « One of the most revered saints in Rus' was St. Seraphim of Sarov, desert elder, recluse and seer. The son of a merchant, Seraphim was born in the city of Kursk, in 1778 he entered the ranks of the novices of the Sarov Hermitage, and eight years later he was tonsured a monk. Voluntarily retiring into seclusion, he spent time in strict fasting, work and prayer. Many people flocked to his cell to reveal to him the secrets of their conscience, their sorrows and needs, and everyone received consolation.

Saint Mitrofan Voronezhsky provided active assistance to Peter I and donated all his savings to the construction of the Russian fleet.

He refused to enter the palace to the Emperor, demanding that the statues of pagan gods be thrown out of the palace. Peter became furious and threatened Mitrofan with execution. The saint said that it was better to die than to approve of paganism by his own presence or fearful silence, and he began to prepare for death. The shocked king removed the statues.

Peter I took part in the funeral of Saint Mitrofan, carried the coffin together with senior naval officers, and after the burial said: “I don’t have such a holy old man left, may he have eternal memory.”

In 1732, the saint’s relics were found incorrupt.” Etc. (Show slides 1-17).

2. And today, guys, we will talk about the greatness and beauty of relationships based on love and fidelity.

(A detailed story by students using pre-selected and recorded key words about one of the characters in “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom”).

Answers on questions:

Who do you imagine Fevronia to be: a kind sorceress or a cunning sorceress? Or anyone else? How did you understand her image, the meaning of her actions?

Teacher's word:

The story you read was written in the 16th century by the writer and publicist Ermolai-Erasmus, who was a priest in Pskov, then a protopop (rector of the cathedral) of the palace Cathedral of the Savior on Bor in Moscow, and then became a monk. “The Tale...” became popular; many copies of it have been preserved, in which the story of Peter and Fevronia is presented in many versions.

Peter and Fevronia - historical figures. They reigned in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century and died in 1228.

But the story is based on a local legend about a wise peasant girl who became a princess. The village of Laskovo still exists today; it is located not far from the village of Solotcha, where Fevronia was from.

III. Fixing the material.

In the story we see signs of the oral genre. What are these signs?

(These are elements of a fairy tale: the werewolf serpent; Paul's wife asks him. What could he die from? the treasure sword from which the serpent died; a wise maiden who speaks in riddles; upon expulsion, receiving a husband as the most expensive gift).

What does the beginning of the story remind you of? (Fairy tale beginning).

We found signs of a fairy tale. What signs of life are found in the story? What unusual did Peter’s servant notice in Fevronia’s house? What trials do Peter and Fevronia go through? What conclusion can we draw from answering these questions? ( The story is written in the form of a life, but the content of the story differs from the caconical life. The beginning of the story does not correspond to the beginning of life; the trials that Peter and Fevronia go through are not sent to them by the devil, but created by the envy of people. But the author glorifies the saints by creating ideal images. The story contains praising epithets: Peter - pious, holy; Fevronia - holy, reverend, blessed, blessed. The heroes love God and live according to the “commandments of God.” Fevronya works miracles, healing the sick; crumbs from the table turn into grains of fragrant incense Fevronia is not endowed with some kind of magic, magical power, but by the power of faith in God. The death of heroes is unusual; after their death, new miracles occur).

What attracts the reader to the story? (Borrowing elements of a fairy tale and creating bright, memorable characters, she is not only an example of the pious life of Russian princes, but also a storehouse of worldly wisdom).

Why can’t Peter’s servant understand anything in the words of the tree frog’s daughter? (The character of the reverend future princess Fevronia is exceptional; she has all the qualities for a princely wife).

Find in the story those episodes in which Fevronia’s intelligence, her piety and loyalty are manifested.

What quality does the author emphasize in her character in the first place?(Wisdom).

Who does Fevronia turn to in difficult times? (To God).

How do you understand Fevronia’s words: “He who demands your prince can heal”? Do you agree that Fevronia used her art in order to benefit - to marry a prince?

(Fevronia heals Peter not only with ointment, but also with her faith, her desire to help. Scabs appear on Peter’s body from the blood of the devil, and Fevronia, demanding Peter to “herself,” leads him to the divine power of healing embodied in her. She makes him like would be a part of himself. Peter, like Fevronia, becomes a “carrier” of divine power (the case with the boyars). It is no coincidence that the word “blessed” (happy) as a characteristic of Peter appears only after he becomes Fevronia’s husband. It is not accidental in the future Peter and Fevronia become, as it were, one whole. Their spiritual connection is so strong that neither people nor even death can separate them).

Why do miracles happen after her death? Why didn’t the prince test his faithful wife more when he discovered that the bread crumbs she collected from the table turned into incense and incense?

(Before us is an image of a Russian saint, created according to all the rules of the genre, starting with a story about the heroine’s youth, about her pious life, ending with the author’s appeal to God and the author’s recognition that he is not worthy to describe the lives of saints.

Why do cut down trees grow back?

The episode with the blessing of the cut off branches is, perhaps, a kind of parallel with the fate of Prince Peter: the cut off branches became mighty trees, the exiled prince gains even greater trust and power.

What is special about the reign of Prince Peter and Princess Fevronia?

(They loved everyone just the same, they just didn’t like pride and robbery. They received strangers, fed the hungry, clothed the poor, saved the unfortunate from misfortunes - “they reigned in the city like a child-loving father and mother”).

We carry out vocabulary work: we explain the meaning of words loving children, from time immemorial, crafty deceiver, told, slyness, marveled, slander.

Can we say that Peter and Fevronia defended their feelings during life and after death? Justify your judgment.

In conclusion, students are invited to watch the electronic presentation “Russian Saints” (slides 18-28 – about Peter and Fevronya).

IV . Homework: From tr. 55, questions 6-8. Prepare for a presentation with messages about Russian saints (optional).

Sections: Literature

1) instill a culture of discussion in the classroom, the ability to defend one’s point of view, and the ability to listen to the interlocutor.
2) develop the ability to work with text (working with a pencil);
skill in analyzing an episode, the ability to draw up a text plan based on the main episodes;
3) training in comparative and comparative analysis of working on a text (working with a table).

Ermolai-Erasmus

The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom

The purpose of the lesson:

• Get acquainted with a work of ancient Russian literature.
• Determine the problems of the story.
• To identify the innovation of Ermolai-Erasmus in creating the character of the heroine.
• Expand the concept of an episode of an epic work.
• Develop analytical skills and written speech.

Survey based on the material covered.

• “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia” is a folklore or literary work? Why?
• Can this work be called a hagiography?
• What does “story” mean, why is this work called a story?

Working with the text of a work.
(Completing and checking homework)

Main episodes of the story:

• Devil's Tricks
• Why death the snake will happen.
• Death from Peter's shoulder and Agrikov's sword.
• Agrikov's sword has been found.
• The serpent is killed.
• A wise girl from the village of Laskovo.
• Fevronia's condition and healing.
• Conspiracy against Princess Fevronia.
• “Give me what I ask!”
• Fevronia's insight.
• Return to Murom and a happy reign.
• “The time of death has come.”
• Miracles with the bodies of Peter and Fevronia.

1) Title the episode.
2) Indicate what place this episode occupies in the work (at the beginning, at the end, major or minor).
3) The role of the episode in revealing characters or in developing the plot.
4) Characters episode, what character traits each person exhibits.
5) Does the episode contain a landscape or a description of the interior, the objective world; their role.
6) How the writer’s style is manifested in the episode, what is characteristic of him.
7) Language features episode - analysis of the language used by the author.

A cool essay of an analytical type on the topic “The image of man in folklore and ancient Russian literature.” Reading monuments of ancient Russian literature is extremely useful when the soul asks for something unusual.

A. S. Demin

Peter and Fevronia are historical figures. They reigned in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century and died in 1228. The story is based on a local legend about a wise peasant girl who became a princess.

• The story is similar to a life, but the content of the work differs from the canonical life.
• Find signs of life in the story.
• What does the beginning of the story remind you of?
• Find other signs of a fairy tale in the work.

• What unusual did Peter’s servant notice in Fevronia’s house?
• How does Fevronia answer the servant’s questions? Why can’t he understand anything in the words of the tree frog’s daughter?
• Find in the text of the story episodes in which Fevronia’s intelligence, her piety and loyalty are manifested.
• What quality does the author emphasize in her character in the first place?
• Who does Fevronia turn to in difficult times?
• What character traits of the heroine do you find most attractive?
• Why do miracles happen after her death?

• “...At that time she was finishing the embroidery of that holy air: only one saint’s mantle had not yet been finished, but she had already embroidered the face; and she stopped, and stuck her needle in the air, and wound the thread around it with which she was embroidering...”
• Read the ending of the story.
• What impression does it make?
• Find elements of these genres in the structure of the story.

Fill out the table:

• To create the images of Saints Peter and Fevronia, the author uses elements of several genre forms at once - a historical story, a magical and everyday fairy tale, but the main form is hagiography.

Morality is the same in all ages and for all people. By reading about obsolescence in detail, we can find a lot for ourselves.

Ticket 2

1. Love, devotion, loyalty of the main characters in “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom”. Connection of the story with folklore.

The story was written at 15centurywriter, publicistErmolai-Erasmus, who was a priest in Pskov, then archpriest of the palace cathedralSpasa-on-Borin Moscow, then a monk. This is not the only thing, but the most famous work. 150 lists of "The Tale..." have been preserved.

The theme is a story of love, devotion, dedication.

The idea is to show the ideal of the righteous, the affirmation of love - a great feeling.

The main characters are Peter and Fevronia.

The life of Peter and Fevronia is the story of a relationship between a man and a woman who managed to overcome all the difficulties of a long and difficult earthly path, revealing the ideal of the Christian family.

After reading “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom”, we identified the following features of the fairy tale:

1. The beginning of the work is reminiscent of a fairy tale: “There is a city in the Russian land... Once upon a time a prince named Pavel ruled in it...”

2. The story begins with an event that, undoubtedly, came here from a fairy tale: the Serpent began to fly to the wife of Prince Paul and seduce her.

3. The first part is similar to fairy tale about a hero-serpent fighter, the second is based on an everyday tale about a wise maiden. As in all fairy tales, there is a fairy-tale hero - the tempting snake.

4. According to the laws of a fairy tale, Good always defeats Evil: Peter defeated the serpent.

5. There are riddles that heroes of fairy tales often have to guess. For example, “It’s bad when the house has no ears and the room has no eyes.”

6. Cunning test tasks (Peter’s task to sew a shirt from a bunch of flax and Fevronia’s task to make a loom from a log).

7. Magic objects (for example, Agrikov’s sword, from which the Serpent dies).

8. Constant epithets: “wicked serpent”, “wise maiden”, etc.

Thus, the features we have identified that are characteristic of fairy tales and everyday tales allow us to classify “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” as a folklore genre.

Hagiographic literature was very popular in Rus'. The word "life" means "life." Lives were works that told about state saints and religious figures whose lives and actions were regarded as exemplary. Life is a biography of the saints. A saint is a person who has dedicated himself to God.

Lives had a certain structure:

1. Introduction, which explained the reasons that prompted the author to begin the story.

2. The main part is a story about the life of the saint, his death and posthumous miracles.

3. The life ended with praise to the saint.

“The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” is written in the form of a life - this artistic biography people canonized as saints.

Features of the hagiographic genre:

2. There is a word of praise to the saints: “Let us, according to our strength, give praise to them...

3. The heroes’ love for God, the heroes’ reverence for the Bible.

4. Miracles that the heroes perform (for example, Fevronia heals the sick, crumbs of bread turned into incense, dead stumps became lush trees).

5. Unusual death and posthumous miracles ( faithful spouses not only did they die on the same day and hour, but also did not separate after death; At the place of their burial, believers receive healing from the most serious illnesses).

The story uses vocabulary characteristic of spiritual literature: blessed, giving alms, commandments of the Lord, loving children, etc.

But in the story there is no structure of the work traditional for the hagiographic genre (only the ending is a classic example of hagiography)

The genre of the work is defined in the title: “Tale”. During the study, we discovered the following genre features:

1. Specific locations of action are indicated: the city of Murom, Ryazan land, the village of Laskovo. This gives the story credibility.

2. Heroes of the story - real people. The prince, before starting treatment, wants to test Fevronia’s wisdom and gives her impossible tasks. In a fairy tale, such tasks are completed with fabulous speed. Not so in the story. Fevronia on Lukayr answers the task with no less crafty ones.

3. Details. For example, Fevronia wraps a thread around a needle: “... she stopped and stuck her needle in the air, and wrapped the thread around it that she was embroidering...” This detail shows the amazing peace of mind Fevronia, with whom she decides to die with her loved one. The author said a lot about her with just this gesture.

4. The personality of the peasant woman comes to the fore.

5. The topic of social inequality.

6. The story of the boyars, eager for power, who killed each other in civil strife.

Thus, this work contains elements of a historical story.

This is a hagiographic story with elements folk-fairy tale character.

The triumph of faith, wisdom, goodness and love is the main idea of ​​the story. With their lives, Peter and Fevronia showed what a person should be, what his life should be like.

On July 8, the Orthodox Church honors Saints Peter and Fevronia, and this day is considered Valentine's Day in Orthodoxy. In 2008, this day was declared the day of family, love and fidelity, and the chamomile became a symbol of this holiday. Many people make a pilgrimage to Murom to thank these saints for their protection in their family life or ask for their prayer before the Lord for the granting of family harmony and happiness.

2. What is the main idea of ​​V. Mayakovsky’s poem “ Good attitude to the horses"?

Mayakovsky wrote the poem “A Good Treatment for Horses” in 1918.It is known that Mayakovsky, like no other poet, accepted the revolution and was completely captured by the events associated with it. He had a clear civic position, and the artist decided to dedicate his art to the revolution and the people who made it. But in everyone’s life, not only the sun shines. ANDAlthough the poets of that time were people in demand, Mayakovsky, as an intelligent and sensitive person, understood that it is necessary and possible to serve the Fatherland with creativity, but the crowd does not always understand the poet. In the end, not only any poet, but also any person remains lonely.

Theme of the poem: the story of the horse that "crashed "on the cobblestone road, obviously from fatigue and because the road was slippery. A fallen and crying horse is a kind of double of the author: “Baby, we are all a little bit of a horse. ».

How do others react? They are laughing! Onlookers immediately gather. The horse understands that it will not have to wait for help. Gathered my strengths (“maybe old... »), « rushed, stood up, neighed and went ».

Poem idea: If an old fallen horse found the strength to get up, and even walk, “wagging his tail ", then the poet will be able to get up and find the strength not only to live on, but also to create, even if he sees that the crowd of onlookers does not really need him, "poetin ", word.

The fallen horse is a poetic double of the poet himself. Yes, he, like any person, can stumble and fall. But, overcoming the pain and indifference of the crowd, the poet, like a horse, will stand up.

Mayakovsky's optimism, kindness to horses, to people (not onlookers), to the country, faith in his creativity gave him the strength to live.This attitude towards pain and indifference can be learned and must be imitated.

Regional state special (correctional) educational institution for students,

pupils with developmental disabilities

special (correctional)

general education boarding school of type V

Zernograd, Rostov region

Open literature lesson in 7th grade

“The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom. Fate and character of heroes"

Prepared and conducted:

Skidelo O.S., Russian teacher

Technological support of the lesson:

information technology, ICT;

person-oriented technologies;

technology of education of spiritual culture;

technology of pedagogical cooperation;

technology development critical thinking through reading and writing (RKMChP).

Teaching methods:

creative reading method;

illustrative method;

heuristic method;

search method;

method of analysis and synthesis.

1. Educational:

introduce students to the world of the ancient Russian story about “Peter and Fevronia of Murom”;

show the genre originality of the Tale..." as one of the means of creating the images of Peter and Fevronia;

reveal the images of Saints Peter and Fevronia;

help students understand the views, morals, morality of past centuries;

show lasting value love like great power, elevating a person.

2. Developmental:

develop the skill of reading into the subtext of a work, the ability to quote;

 develop analytical learning abilities, logical thinking, oral and written speech;

 improve characterization skills of heroes.

3. Educational:

 educate moral qualities: kindness, devotion, loyalty in friendship and love, the ability to forgive;

 cultivate a respectful attitude towards the culture of the native country and native language;

 through music to cultivate the aesthetic taste of students.

Vocabulary work: saint, morality; Metropolitan, “Great Menaions,” pious, righteous, monasticism, canonization; fairy tale, story, life; venerable, blessed, humble; merciful.

Lesson equipment:

 Worksheets;

 Computer presentation to the lesson.

 Exhibition of works of ancient Russian literature and reproductions of paintings (icons).

 Audio recording of a church hymn.

 Audio recording of the song “Peter and Fevronia” performed by the “Peresvet” choir..

 Fragments from the film “Peter and Fevronia. A story of love and fidelity." Episodes “The Messenger in the House of Fevronia”, “The Death of Peter and Fevronia”.

During the classes

Organizing time.

Hello guys, sit down! I am glad to see your good mood for our lesson today. Good discoveries to you!

Psychological preparation for the perception of works of ancient Russian literature

Many of you guys have been to church. Let us once again plunge into this holy silence and gaze into the faces of the saints.

Church hymns sound. Reproductions of images of ancient Russian icon painting are slowly alternated using multimedia equipment - Slide 1-7

Do you think the images on the icons are images of real personalities, ordinary people who once lived or unreal, fictitious?

(This ordinary people, but they were extraordinary in relation to the people around them, they had a high sense of philanthropy).

Why did they become saints? (People canonized them as saints because they were examples of moral and spiritual values.

Who is a saint? (A saint is a person who has dedicated himself to God.)

That's right, guys. A saint is a person who has dedicated himself to God, who does good and hates evil, who has earned special gifts from God for his love and faith, for example, the gift of miracles. Slide 8

III. Lesson topic message.

The history of Christianity contains the names of many people who became famous for their kindness, honesty, firmness in faith and courage in suffering.

Today in the lesson we will for the first time touch on the work of Ancient Rus' - the pearl of ancient Russian literature, the heroes of which are the saints - the spouses Peter and Fevronia. Slide 9

The topic of our lesson: “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom.” The fate and character of the heroes. Slide 10

We have already become acquainted with this work.

The purpose of our lesson today: - to consider the genre originality of “The Tale...”; Let's try to determine what the hero of ancient Russian literature is like, what his character is; Let's try to compose a spiritual portrait of Peter and Fevronia, which will help us understand the morality of past centuries and evaluate the ideological content of the story.

Working with an epigraph. Slide 11

An expert on ancient Russian literature D.S. Likhachev said:

Morality is the same in all ages and for all people.

By reading about obsolescence in detail, we can find a lot for ourselves.

How do you understand this statement, which is the epigraph to our lesson, and what is morality?

(Morality is the norms of behavior accepted in society. To be moral means to follow these unwritten rules: to be honest, kind, etc. Norms of behavior, spiritual, life values are the same at all times for all people. By reading ancient books in detail we can find a lot for ourselves)

We will return to our epigraph at the end of the lesson. And now let’s move back to the ancient Russian state, to the distant 16th century and find out who wrote this wonderful work “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia”, what is its background? Overview to V. Petelin and A. Yurova. Slide 12

V. The history of the creation of the story. Individual messages from students.

(in costumes of medieval Russians)

Petelin: The 16th century... is the time of the formation of a unified Russian state.

The unification of Rus' was followed by the unification of Russian culture. Under the leadership of Metropolitan Macarius (Slide 13), a collection of the lives of all saints is compiled in order of months and days Orthodox Church– 12 huge volumes. It was called “Great Chetya Menaion” (Slide 14) (TRANSLATED FROM GREEK – MONTHLY READINGS). And Macarius instructs the priests to collect legends throughout the Russian lands about righteous people famous for their pious deeds.

The old town of Murom was famous for its legends. (Slide 15) 23 Orthodox saints were born, lived and reigned here. No other city in the world can boast of such an achievement. (Slide 16) But the most poetic of the Murom legends was the tale of a wise maiden who became a kind and fair princess. It served as the basis for the story. Slide 17 Pskov Priest Ermolai (monastically Erasmus) literary processed local legends and created a story about Peter and Fevronia of Murom.

Yurova: Peter and Fevronia are real historical figures. Slide 18 Prince Peter ruled in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century. He married the peasant woman Fevronia in gratitude for the fact that she cured him of a disease that no one could cure. They suffered a lot of malice from the boyars, but lived happily until the end of their days. Having grown old, they both took monasticism and died on the same day and hour, June 25, 1228. Slide 19

“The Tale of Peter and Fevronia” became the favorite reading of medieval Russians. It was written after the canonization of Peter and Fevronia at the Moscow Church Council in 1547. Slide 20 150 copies of the story have been preserved, in which this story is presented in many versions.

Guys, in the speech of our Russians we encountered the words Slide 21: metropolitan, “Great Four Menaions”, pious, righteous, monasticism, canonization.

Let's remember what they mean?

Metropolitan is a clergyman of the highest level in the Russian Orthodox Church, subordinate to the head of the church (patriarch).

“The Great Menaions” is a collection of the lives of all the saints of the Orthodox Church.

A pious person is a person who honors God and keeps his commandments.

A righteous person is a saint who lived not in monasticism, but in ordinary conditions of family and social life.

Monasticism is literally “solitary, lonely residence,” monasticism; monk - Orthodox monk.

Canonization is canonization.

When was “The Tale...” written? (It was written after the canonization of Peter and Fevronia at the Moscow Church Council in 1547.)

Who commissioned “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” to Ermolai-Erasmus? (Metropolitan Macarius)

VI. Genre originality stories. Features of fairy tales, lives and stories in pr-i.

The story of Peter and Fevronia is a special work. It is known that Metropolitan Macarius still did not include the life he commissioned in the collection “Great Cheti-Minea.” Why? Slide 22 We will find the answer to this question by considering the features of the genre of this work. Slide 23-1

What genre features are present in the work? (fairy tales, stories and lives)

What is a fairy tale? (A fairy tale is folklore work with a fictional attitude)

What types of fairy tales do you know? (magical, about animals, everyday)

Define the story.

Tale - epic work, which is smaller in length than a novel and longer than a short story. There are several storylines here.

What is life? (Life is a story about the lives of saints.)

What is their purpose? (The purpose of the lives is to glorify the saint.)

Name the types of lives. (Types: - “martyrdom”, describing the martyrdom and death of a saint;

Life-bios (describes the life of a saint from birth to death)

What structure did the lives have?

Lives had a certain structure:

Introduction, which explained the reasons that prompted the author to begin the story.

The main part is a story about the life of the saint, his pious parents, how faith in God awoke, about suffering in the name of God, the death of the saint and posthumous miracles.

The life ended with praise to the saint.

Now let’s check your background and hear what features of a fairy tale, story and life you found in the work?

List the fairytale elements of this story.

The beginning of the story is reminiscent of a fairy tale: “There is a city in the Russian land... Once upon a time a prince named Pavel ruled in it...”

The first part is similar to a fairy tale about a hero - a snake fighter, the second - to an everyday tale about a wise maiden.

As in all fairy tales, there is a fairy-tale hero - the tempting snake.

According to the laws of a fairy tale, Good always defeats evil: Peter defeated the serpent.

There are riddles that fairy tale heroes often have to guess. For example: “It’s bad when the house has no ears and the room has no eyes.”

Tricky test tasks (Peter's task to sew a shirt from a bunch of flax and Fevronia's task to make a loom from a log)

Magical objects (for example, Agrikov’s sword, on which the Serpent dies)

Constant epithets (“the crafty serpent”, “the wise maiden”).) Slide 23-2

What features of the story are present in the work?

historically accurate place names;

the story of the boyars mired in civil strife is told;

details of everyday life / description of chambers, healing, beekeeping, boyar feasts /. Slide 23-3

Name the features of life in this work.

What epithets does the author reward the heroes with? Peter - blessed, blessed, holy, glorified, reverend, humble, sincere. Fevronia - holy, wise, wonderful, blessed, reverend. -What do the words “blessed”, “venerable” and “humble” mean?

Blessed - good, kind.

Reverend - a saint among monastics.

Humble - a quiet, meek person, calm and even in disposition; not angry, kind person.

The heroes' love for God, the heroes' reverence for the Bible.

Miracles that the heroes perform (for example, Fevronia heals the sick, bread crumbs turned into incense, dead stumps became lush trees in the morning). - Slide 23-4

What is the genre uniqueness of this work? What genres does the author use? (The author uses elements of several genres at once: historical story, fairy tale, hagiography.)

Name the main genre of this work. Prove it. Or maybe someone thinks differently. (The main genre is hagiography, since it tells about the lives of saints.)

Why didn’t Metropolitan Macarius include the life he commissioned in the collection “Great Cheti-Menaia”? Slide 24 (Pr-e does not represent a canonical (traditional) life. There is no story here about pious parents, about how faith in God awakened, about suffering in the name of God.)

You're right guys. The work does not represent a canonical life. The test of heroes confirms earthly love, family values, and not a monastic feat in the name of God. Literary scholars define the genre of a work this way: it is a hagiographic story with elements of a folk-fairy tale nature. Slide 23-5

VII. Characteristics of the images of the main characters.

Let's move on to the analysis of thin. images The purpose of our conversation is to create a spiritual portrait of the Murom saints Peter and Fevronia (Slide 24), which will help us understand the ideological content of “The Tale...” and better cope with our homework - creative work associated with these beautiful images.

Open your notebooks. Write down the topic of the lesson. Divide the notebook sheet into 2 equal parts. In the left column you will have to write down everything positive features Peter, on the right - all the positive features of Fevronia.

Characteristics of Peter

Let us turn to the image of Peter.

You guys know that a person in the literature of this period is either positive image, or negative. Does the image of Peter fit this statement? Prove it.

(No. He has both positive and negative traits. On the one hand, he defeats the werewolf snake, goes to church, prays, suffers illness, but on the other hand, he decides to deceive: he did not immediately marry Fevronia, although he gave his word. )

What prevents him from doing otherwise?

(Pride is one of the sins that does not allow Peter to do otherwise. He considers himself superior to a simple peasant girl.)

Who helps the hero recover from this illness? (Fevronia helps Peter gain victory over the evil in himself, or rather, the power of Fevronia’s love.)

What qualities, according to Fevronia, are needed to be cured? Find it in the text. (Kindness and low arrogance)

To be not arrogant means to be what? (Meek, humble)

From the story about Peter, she knows that he fought with a serpent, which means what character trait does he have? (With courage)

What are the qualities of the present masculine character, according to Fevronia? (Courage, kindness, meekness, humility are the real qualities of a man’s character).

Does Peter have them? Let's write them down.

What other traits are revealed in Peter’s character? (Faith in God, wisdom, love for people, love and loyalty to loved ones, justice)

Name the hero’s actions that confirm these qualities. Prove it with text.

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"THE STORY

ABOUT PETER AND FEVRONIYA OF MUROM »

Novik N.G., teacher of Russian language and literature, GBOU JSC “Vychegda SKOSHI”.

Tasks:

educational :

give an idea of ​​ancient Russian literature, the conditions of its origin, distinctive features;

reveal the ideological and artistic originality of the work through the images of the main characters Peter and Fevronia;

developing skills in working with text and illustrations;

improve the skill of conscious reading.

Good afternoon We came here to study Don't be lazy, but work.

We work diligently

And we listen carefully .

XI – XVII century

Genres of Old Russian literature varied: prayer, parable, life, teaching, story, military tale, word, walking, chronicle, which includes small genre forms - tales, instructions, legends.

Vocabulary work:

Literary critic - specialist studying the science of fiction

Elm – combining adjacent letters into one complex sign

Goldsmith, silversmith, filigree master - jewelers who decorated the book setting

Salary – decorative book binding made of thin sheets of gold, silver, copper

"Tale

about Peter and Fevronia of Murom."

Moral ideals

and covenants of Ancient Rus'

Historical reference

• Time of creation - XVI century
• Author - Ermolai-Erasmus
• Prototypes are historical figures who reigned in Murom in the beginning. XIII V. Died in 1228
• Place of action - p. Affectionately,

Murom

History of creation

“The Tale” was written by the writer-publicist Ermolai. The author of the story was first a priest in Pskov, engaged in literary creativity, then he became a protop O pom (rector of the cathedral) of the palace Cathedral of the Savior on Bor in Moscow, and in the 1560s he became a monk in Pskov, taking the name Erasmus.

• Subject - love story.
• Idea The work is that love is a great, all-conquering feeling.

Peter and Fevronia are historical figures. They reigned in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century and died in 1228.

The story is based on a local legend about a wise peasant girl who became a princess.

Ermolai-Erasmus literary processed local legends and created a story

Genre originality "Tales of Peter and Fevronia of Murom"

fairy tale

- fabulous beginning

• good conquers evil

-puzzles

-tasks-tests

-magic items

- constant epithets

hagiography

- story about the lives of saints

-glorification of the saints

-the heroes' love for God

-miracles of the saints

story

- several storylines

-names of places are historically accurate

- household details

A hagiographic story with folk-fairy elements

FAIRY TALE

LIFE

Fairy tale- a work of oral folk art about fictitious events involving magical, fantastic forces.

STORY

Life (translated from Church Slavonic - “life”) - a description of the lives of saints and their deeds.

Fairytale beginning: “ There is a city in Russian land... it was ruled by a prince named Pavel"

Lives had a certain structure.

Tale - prose genre, gravitating

The story is written in the form of a hagiography, but there is no structure of the work traditional for the hagiographic genre (the beginning does not correspond to the hagiographic beginning, trials,

through which Peter and Fevronia pass, it is not the devil who sends them, but the envy of people that creates it; only the ending is a classic example of life).

• The exact time is not specified, it is counted from the last event: “in a year”, “in a day”,

to a chronicle plot reproducing the natural course of life.

"The next morning".

The first part of the “Tale...” is similar to a fairy tale about a tempting snake, the second is like a fairy tale about a wise maiden.

The authenticity of the “Tale...” is given by the names of specific places of action (the city of Murom, Ryazan land, the village of Laskovo).

The heroes live according to the “commandments of God, in Hard time turn to God.

There are magical things: agrikov sword.

Good conquers evil ( Peter defeated the serpent).

The heroes of the story are real people. (Peter and Fevronya reigned in Murom at the beginning of the 13th century, died in 1228).

Riddles and tricky tests.

Unusual death and posthumous miracles (they prophetically predicted their death, died on the same day and hour, did not separate after death; at the place of their burial, believers receive healing from the most serious illnesses).

In the center of the work is the image of a simple peasant girl who has to go through serious real tests.

• Constant epithets ( the crafty serpent, the blessed prince, the wise virgin);
• repeats ( He was healed twice, sent to his wife three times before his death).

The story reflects one of the most acute conflicts of the 16th century - the story of boyars striving for power who killed each other in civil strife.

LIFE STORY

WITH ELEMENTS OF FOLK-FAIRY-FAIRY-TALE CHARACTER

Genre originality of “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom”

CONCLUSION:

In “The Tale of Peter and Fevronia of Murom” there are elements of fairy tales, and elements of life, and elements of a historical story.

Composition of the story.

PLAN

1. The feat of Prince Peter

2. Wise maiden Fevronia

3.Duel of Peter and Fevronia with the boyars

4.Death of saints and posthumous miracles

Working with the text of a work

main episodes of the story:

• 1. Tricks of the devil
• 2. Why does the death of the serpent happen?
• .3.Death from Peter’s shoulder and Agrikov’s sword.
• 4. Agrikov's sword was found.
• 5. The serpent is killed.
• 6. A wise girl from the village of Laskovo.
• 7. Fevronia’s condition and healing.

• 8. Conspiracy against Princess Fevronia.
• 9. “Give me what I ask!”
• 10. Fevronia's insight.
• 11. Return to Murom and a happy reign.
• 12. “The time of death has come.”
• 13. Miracles with the bodies of Peter and Fevronia.

ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION

"Hawkeye".

1.Which village did the servant go to in search of a doctor?

2.Where was Agrikov’s sword? What is its purpose?

3.What condition did Fevronia set before treating the prince?

4.Why did the boyars dislike the girl?

5.Why didn’t you order all the scabs to be anointed?

ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION

"Hawkeye".

6.What was in Fevronia’s palm after lunch?

7.What did the boyars offer Fevronia instead of a husband?

8.Why did the boyars kill each other?

9.Whose daughter was Fevronia?

10.What Fevronia embroidered before her death

Spiritual world main characters. Characteristics of Peter

It has both positive and negative features. On the one hand, he defeats the werewolf snake, goes to church, prays, suffers illness, but on the other hand, he decides to deceive: he did not immediately marry Fevronia, although he gave his word, he began to test her when the wives of the boyars began to slander her.

Characteristics of Peter

- What prevents him from doing otherwise?

- Who helps the hero recover from this illness?

Characteristics of Peter

• What qualities, according to Fevronia, are needed to be cured? Find it in the text.
• Be not arrogant,

means to be what?

- From the story about Peter, she knows that he fought with a snake, which means what character trait does he have?

Characteristics of Peter

- What are the qualities of a real male character, according to Fevronia?

- Does Peter have them? Let's write them down.

- What other traits are revealed in Peter’s character?

• - Name the actions of the hero that confirm these qualities. Prove it with text.

Characteristics of Peter

-Name the hero’s actions that confirm these qualities. Prove it with text.

Characteristics of Peter

1. Fidelity to the commandments of God, faith in God

(piety, religiosity)

• Peter prays in church. “There was a Church of the Exaltation outside the city. Prince Peter came there to pray..."
• Takes monastic vows. “At one time they themselves put on monastic robes and took monasticism. Prince Peter was named David, and Princess Fevronia - Euphrosyne."

• Wisdom
• He guessed that the serpent was not his brother Pavel. “It happened that he came to his brother’s chambers, and from him to his daughter-in-law’s chambers. She saw his brother, from whom he had just left.” - p.55
• Love and loyalty to loved ones
• For the sake of his brother, he thinks about how to kill the snake, not even knowing where Agrikov’s sword is. “Prince Peter, hearing that the serpent had called his name, began to think about how to kill him. But he was embarrassed that he did not know where to get Agrikov’s sword.” -With. 55
• He was faithful to Fevronia. “Blessed Prince Peter could not leave his wife and decided to leave Murom.” –p.60
• The ability to forgive
• He forgives the nobles and returns to reign in Murom.
• “All of us who are still alive, although we have angered you, we pray to you and your princess: do not leave us, your slaves, we want you, and we love you, and we ask.” -p.61
• Just ruler
• “And they reigned in that city like a child-loving father and mother. They loved everyone equally, but they didn’t like pride and robbery.” - p.61-62

Characteristics of Peter

2. Wisdom

• He guessed that the serpent was not his brother Pavel. “It happened that he came to his brother’s chambers, and from him to his daughter-in-law’s chambers. She saw his brother, from whom he had just left.”

Characteristics of Peter

3. Love and loyalty to loved ones

• For the sake of his brother, he thinks about how to kill the snake, not even knowing where Agrikov’s sword is. “Prince Peter, hearing that the serpent had called his name, began to think about how to kill him. But he was embarrassed that he did not know where to get Agrikov’s sword.”
• He was faithful to Fevronia. “Blessed Prince Peter could not leave his wife and decided to leave Murom.”

Characteristics of Peter

4. The ability to forgive

He forgives the nobles and returns to reign in Murom. “All of us who are still alive, although we have angered you, we pray to you and your princess: do not leave us, your slaves, we want you, and we love you, and we ask.”

• Just ruler

“And they reigned in that city like a child-loving father and mother. They loved everyone equally, but they didn’t like pride and robbery.”

Characteristics of Fevronia

He teaches to value people by their actions, I wanted to say that among the peasants there are wise, pure, faithful people .

Characteristics of Fevronia

-What is the mystery of Fevronia?

Who is Fevronia?

- When do we first meet Fevronia?

- Let's look into Fevronia's house.

Characteristics of Fevronia

Let's speculate:

• What do Fevronia’s riddles indicate?
• What does the author intentionally want to emphasize in it?

-Read the riddles of Fevronia in the story .

- Find the answer to the first riddle. To the second, to the third.

Characteristics of Fevronia

• For what purpose does the author use them here?

(For characteristics wise maiden. Together with the prince’s messenger, the reader admires the girl’s intelligence, the beauty of her mysterious speech, and the depth of her thoughts).

Characteristics of Fevronia

• Why did Peter fall in love with Fevronia?

• He was convinced of the girl’s intelligence and spiritual beauty.
• She did not accept his gifts, which means she is not selfish or greedy. “Without being angry at all” heals him again, which means she is merciful.

Characteristics of Fevronia

Characteristics of Fevronia

- Why did Fevronia fall in love with Peter without seeing him? did they communicate through servants?

(He has the qualities of a real masculine character - courage, kindness, meekness and humility).

Characteristics of Fevronia

1. Piety (loyalty to God’s commandments, religiosity, faith in God)

• Calms Peter down. Strengthens his faith. “Do not grieve, prince, the merciful God will not leave us in need.”

Characteristics of Fevronia

2. A wonderful gift

• The gift of healing the sick and the gift of working miracles. Miracles: Crumbs turn into incense. Dead stumps became lush trees in the morning

Characteristics of Fevronia

3. Loyalty

• Leaving Murom, he takes with him not gold, but his husband Peter. “I don’t ask anything for myself, only for my husband, Prince Peter”

4. Meekness, humility

• Forgives the boyars who expelled them from Murom.

Think about it:

• Why doesn't the author draw portraits of the characters in the story?

Not appearance, not beauty is the main thing for him. Peter was convinced of the girl’s intelligence and spiritual beauty.

Think about it:

• What epithets does the author reward the heroes with?

Peter - blessed, blessed, holy, glorified, reverend, humble, sincere.

Fevronia - holy, wise, wonderful, blessed, reverend.

Vocabulary work:

• Blissful - good, kind.
• Reverend - a saint among monastics.
• Humble – a quiet, meek person, calm and even-tempered; not angry, kind person.

ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION

1 . How did the young people live after marriage?

2. How do you understand the expression “pious and righteous”?

3. What choice does Peter make between his wife and the throne? How does this characterize him?

4. Why was he asked to return?

5. How did they reign after returning? What did you not like about the social order?

ISSUES FOR DISCUSSION

6. What example did you set with your leadership?

8. What helps Peter and Fevronia overcome all their troubles?

9. How it ends life path Peter and Fevronia?

10. What miracle was performed repeatedly after their death?

Spiritual portrait of saints

Fevronia

-wisdom

-kindness

-mercy

-ability to love

-piety

-wonderful gift

-loyalty

- meekness, humility

Peter

- courage

-kindness

- meekness, humility

- faithfulness to God's commandments (piety)

-wisdom

- love and loyalty to loved ones

- ability to forgive

An example of moral and spiritual values

All-Russian Day of Family, Love and Fidelity

Physical education minute

Now guys, stand up

Raise your hands slowly

Squeeze your fingers, then unclench them,

Hands down and stand like that.

Leaned right, left

And we get down to business again.

HOMEWORK

• Conduct vocabulary work: task No. 2, p. 82.
• Prepare reading of “The Tale...” by roles .

Reflection

learned well

I learned it well and can put it into practice

learned well

but there are questions

much is unclear