Shuya is a city (since 1539) in the Ivanovo region of Russia, the administrative center of the Shuya district, which it is not part of, forms the Shuya urban district.
The city of Shuya is located in the interfluve of the Volga and Klyazma rivers, 32 km southeast of the regional center of Ivanovo. Through the city, the length of which within the city limits is 6.6 kilometers.

Area - 33.29 km², population - 58,690 people. (2016). In terms of population, Shuya is the third city in the Ivanovo region after Ivanovo and Kineshma.
According to one version, the ancient settlement on the site of Shuya was founded by the Finno-Ugric tribes Chud and Merya; and its name may come from the Finnish word “suo” - swamp, lake, marshy area. According to another version, the name goes back to the ancient Slavic “oshyu”, that is, “on the left”, “on the left hand” (in this case, “on the left bank”).

In the 20th century, not far from Shuya, ancient burials (the so-called Semukhinsky mounds) dating back to the Volga trade route of the 10th-11th centuries were discovered.


Shuya Principality
Since 1403, the Shuisky princes have been mentioned, who owned the city for almost 200 years. The Shuisky family originates from Vasily Kirdyapa, one of the princes of Suzdal. A representative of this family was Vasily Ivanovich Shuisky, the last tsar from the Rurik family (reigned 1606-1610); after him, the Romanov dynasty ascended to the Russian throne. As legends say, Vasily Shuisky often visited his estate to have fun with falconry. In the village of Melnichnoye (now a suburb of Shuya), according to legend, the Tsar’s daughter, Princess Anna, is buried. In the Shuisky Kremlin (now the territory of Union Square) there were siege yards that belonged to Prince I. I. Shuisky, Prince D. M. Pozharsky and others.

The first documentary evidence of the city of Shuya dates back to 1539. Under this date, Shuya is mentioned in the Nikon Chronicle among the cities devastated by the Kazan Khan Safa-Girey, and it is from this date that the city dates its chronology. Before this, the city was known as Borisoglebskaya Sloboda, in honor of the Church of Saints Boris and Gleb located in it.

Shuya and the crowned persons
Ivan the Terrible, during his campaign against Kazan in 1549, visited Shuya and soon included it, along with other 19 cities, in the oprichnina (1565-1572), declaring it his property. Then in 1572, according to the spiritual charter of Ivan the Terrible, Shuya was inherited by his son Fyodor. In 1609 the city was ravaged by the Poles, and in 1619 by the Lithuanians.

In 1722, on his way to the Persian campaign, Peter I visited Shuya. He stopped in the city to venerate the local shrine - the miraculous icon of the Shuya-Smolensk Mother of God. The icon was painted by the Shuya icon painter in 1654-1655, when a pestilence was raging in the city. Soon after painting the icon, the epidemic stopped, and the image of the Mother of God revealed miraculous healings of the sick. Peter I also got rid of his illness and wanted to take the miraculous icon to St. Petersburg. The townspeople, having learned about this, fell to their knees before the king and begged to leave the Heavenly Patroness and Intercessor of the city in Shuya in her place in the Resurrection Church.

In 1729, the daughter of Peter I, Princess Elizabeth, lived for some time in Shuya, who loved to hunt in the surrounding forests. Another heir to the throne also visited Shuya. In 1837, while traveling around Russia accompanied by the famous Russian poet V.A. Zhukovsky, the future Emperor Alexander II visited Shuya. Having become acquainted with the sights of the city, the Tsarevich honored with a visit to the houses of the most famous townspeople - the richest merchants Posylins and Kiselyovs.

religious procession in Shuya

Shuya merchants and textile industry
The development of industry and trade in Shuya was facilitated by the city's convenient location on the navigable Teza River. In Shuya there was a large Gostiny Dvor (on the site of the modern Gostiny Dvor). Out-of-town and foreign merchants came to Shuya to trade - in 1654, in Gostiny Dvor there was a shop of the English-Arkhangelsk trading company. At the same time, Shuya was famous for its fairs.

In 1755, merchant Yakov Igumnov opened the first linen manufactory, as proof of which he was given a ticket from the Shuya voivodeship office to set up a factory.

In 1781, the Russian Empress Catherine the Great issued a decree on the formation of the Vladimir governorship and approved the coat of arms of the city of Shuya. The ancient coat of arms of Shuya was a shield divided into two parts. In the upper part, a lion-like leopard standing on its hind legs is a symbol of the provincial city of Vladimir; in the lower part - “on a red field there is a bar of soap, meaning the glorious soap factories located in the city.” Indeed, soap making was the oldest industry in the city of Shuya; the first mention of them is found in the scribe book of Afanasy Vekov and clerk Seliverst Ivanov in 1629. Already in the 16th century, the industrial character of the city of Shuya was determined. Along with soap making, another ancient craft of Shuya was sheepskin and fur making. It especially flourished in the 16th-17th centuries, which is why Tsar Vasily Shuisky was popularly called the “fur coat maker.”

Since ancient times, the textile industry has developed in Shuya - the production of linen fabrics. Canvas weaving was carried out in many peasant huts and in the houses of the townspeople of the city of Shuya on wooden weaving mills. From the middle of the 18th century, linen weaving manufactories appeared in Shuya; the very first manufactory of the merchant Yakov Igumnov was opened in 1755. However, by the end of the 18th century, cotton was conquering the world market. The Shuya merchants of the Kiselyov dynasty were the first entrepreneurs to organize the supply of cotton yarn from England not only to Shuya, but also its surroundings.

In parallel with the Kiselevs, the factories of the merchant Posylin brothers quickly developed. A.I. Posylin was the first to start a paper spinning factory with 11,000 spindles, operating using steam engines. The products of Poslin manufactories were awarded a large gold medal at the First All-Russian Exhibition of Manufacturing Industry in St. Petersburg in 1829. “This merchant house in Shuya has been rich from time immemorial, prudent and persistent in executing its planned enterprises, it has all the means, material and immaterial, to make its spinning mill one of the first institutions in the state,” this is how the writer Dmitry Shelekhov spoke about those in the mid-19th century. who stood at the origins of the Shuya textile industry.

According to data for 1859, 8,555 people (675 houses) lived in the city.

Soviet period
In Shuya in September 1918, the headquarters of the 7th Infantry Chernigov (formerly Vladimir) Division was formed.

Shuya case
On March 15, 1922, residents of Shuya, mostly workers, came out to the central square to prevent the removal of church valuables from the city's Resurrection Cathedral. To suppress the popular uprising, the authorities used military force and machine-gun fire was opened. Four Shuyang (according to other sources - five), and among them a teenage girl, were killed on the spot.

In connection with these events, on March 19, the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, V.I. Lenin, drafted a secret letter, qualifying the events in Shuya as one of the manifestations of the general plan of resistance to the decree of Soviet power on the part of the “most influential group of the Black Hundred clergy” and proposing their arrest and execution.

On March 22, the Politburo of the Central Committee of the RCP (b), based on a letter from L. D. Trotsky, adopted an action plan for repressions against the clergy. It included the arrest of the Synod, a show trial in the Shuya case, and also indicated: “Proceed with confiscation throughout the entire country, completely without dealing with churches that do not have any significant values.”
Less than 2 months later, on May 10, 1922, the cathedral’s archpriest Pavel Svetozarov, priest John Rozhdestvensky and layman Pyotr Yazykov were shot.
In 2007, a monument to clergy and laity who were repressed during the years of Soviet power was erected in the city.

As of January 1, 2016, the city ranked 283rd out of 1,112 cities in the Russian Federation in terms of population.


Economy
The city is historically the center of the textile industry, but (as of 2016) in fact, only the Shuya Calico factory operates in the city.

There are industrial enterprises in the city (data for 2016):

"Shuiskaya accordion" - production of accordions, button accordions and accordions, children's furniture.
"Shuiskaya Manufactory" - production of garments.
"ShuyaTex+" - production of garments.
"Egger woodproduct" - chipboard production.
Shuya plant "Aquarius" - assembly of computer equipment.
"Shuiskaya Vodka" - production of vodka, tinctures and liqueurs.
"Agro-Expert" is a manufacturer of compound feed.
In 2011, the Grand Hotel Shuya hotel complex of European level (three stars) was opened.

folk festivals in Shuya

Culture and attractions
In 2010, the city was included in the list of historical settlements of federal significance.
Cinema "Rodina"

Museums
Museums: Konstantin Balmont Literary and Local History Museum, Shuya Historical, Art and Memorial Museum named after M. V. Frunze, Soap Museum. The Historical and Art Museum houses the world's largest collection of Russian and foreign vessels with secrets, donated to the museum by a native of the city, A. T. Kalinin. The Soap Museum has unique exhibits illustrating the history of soap making in Shuya.

The Museum of Military Glory of the city of Shuya was opened in 2010.

On October 17, 2007, a monument to the clergy and laity of the Russian Orthodox Church who died during the persecution of the church by the Bolsheviks in the 1920-1930s, the work of sculptor Alexander Rukavishnikov, was unveiled.

SEVEN WONDERS OF SHUYA CITY
Since ancient times, it has been customary to single out the “seven wonders of the world,” seven ancient works of architecture and art that have no equal in size, beauty and uniqueness. From the rich and long history of our native Shuya, you can also choose seven attractions, seven unique historical values ​​that distinguish and mark our city among others.

The first "miracle"

The legend that the city of Shuya was once the capital of White Russia and the word “Shuya” itself, as stated in the 18th century by historian I.N. Boltin, translated from Sarmatian, means “capital”. This legend is reported in the book "A Picture of Russia, depicting history and geography, chronologically, genealogically and statistically. Collected from reliable sources." (Moscow, 1807): “Our ancient writers, under the name of White Russia, understood the Polish and Meryansk, or Suzdal border with the regions belonging to them... so that the borders of this region extended north to Great Russia along the Volga, east to the Yugra and down the Volga to the mouth of the Oka River with Mordva, south to the Oka with the Principality of Ryazan and the Bulgarians, and then to the Voronezh River. The most ancient throne during the Sarmatian sovereigns in this part was the city of Shuya; under Vladimir Rostov; but Yuri II moved it to Suzdal; Andrei II to Vladimir, Ioann Kalita to Moscow."

Second "miracle"

The second “miracle” refers not to Shuya itself, but to the Shuya land. This is a birth record from the book “Additions to the Acts of Emperor Peter the Great” (vol. 18, 1797). “In the census statement sent to the former Moscow provincial chancellery from the Shuisky District Court on February 27, 1782, it is shown that in the same district of the ownership of the Nikolaevsky monastery, the peasant Fyodor Vasilyev, who was 75 years old, had two wives with whom he had children : with the first - 4 quadruplets, seven triplets, and sixteen twins, a total of 69 people, with the other wife - two triplets, and six twins, a total of 18 people; in total, he had 87 children with both wives, of which 4 died, obviously 83 people alive." This record is officially “recognized” as a world record - this is reported by the world-famous Guinness Book of Records.

Third "miracle"

Bell tower of the Resurrection Cathedral. It was built in 1832. “The building is made of stone, about five tiers, the tiers are decorated with towers, columns and stucco decorations. The height of the bell tower from the base to the tip of the cross is 49 fathoms. 2 arsh.” Translated into modern units of measurement, the height of the bell tower is almost 106 meters. Of all the Orthodox buildings, the Resurrection Belfry is second in height only to the bell tower of the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg (its height is about 120 m).

The fourth "miracle"

The icon of the Shuya-Smolensk Mother of God, which was located in the Shuya Resurrection Cathedral until 1922. It was written in 1654-1655, during the terrible “pestilence” raging in Shuya. The author of the icon is Shuya isographer Gerasim Tikhonov, son of Ikonnikov. (No offense to the Palesha people; the art of icon painting came to Palekh, apparently, from Shuya). The very next day after painting the icon, the icon painter saw the image of the icon changed, he tried to correct the image, but the next day the same thing happened again. This was the first miracle of the Shuya icon. And in total there were 109 of them recorded. The icon was recognized as miraculous in 1667 by a special state commission consisting of 5 archimandrites, 2 abbots and an archpriest. According to legend, Peter I visited Shuya in 1722 only to venerate the Shuya icon, which supposedly cured him of a serious illness and that the tsar wanted to take the icon to Moscow, but the Shuya merchants dissuaded him on their knees...

The fifth "miracle"

The fifth "miracle" is also directly related to the Resurrection Cathedral. This is the large bell of the cathedral. It weighed 1270 pounds (about 21 tons!). Its height is 5 arshins (arshin = 71 cm) and its diameter is 4 arshins. This is the 10-11th bell by weight in Russia. (For comparison: the main bell of the main cathedral in Rome - St. Peter's Basilica - weighs "only" 700 pounds).

The sixth "miracle"

Features of the life and customs of the Shuyans, repeatedly reflected in Russian folklore. It's rare that a city can boast so many sayings, sayings, jokes...
For example, the well-known expressions “Vanya-teterya” and “Turushinsky scoop” are purely of Shuya origin. “Vanya the Teterya” once lived in our city, and the expression “Turushinsky scoop” comes from the surname of the former owner of the store on the Shuya Trade Square - Ivan Martyanovich Turushin.

And how many sayings about Shuya and the Shuyans:
I’ve been to St. Petersburg, spilled on the floor and didn’t fall;
The Shuisky rogue will harness anyone to a collar;
If only I had some strong soap;
In Suzdal and Murom to pray to God, to take a walk in Vyazniki, to get drunk in Shuya;
They gave Bes as a soldier.
The last proverb is from the story about Savva Grudtsyn (written in the 60s of the 17th century), which tells how the Shuyans “gave a demon as a soldier.” By the way, some researchers consider this story to be the first attempt at creating a Russian novel!

The seventh "miracle"
Looking at the seven-century history of Shuya, one cannot help but notice some special attitude of persons of “royal blood” to our city.
A whole family of famous boyars bore the surname Shuisky, among whom was even the Tsar - Vasily Shuisky.

In 1552, after the capture of Kazan, Tsar Ivan the Terrible visited Shuya.

Peter the Great’s visit to Shuya (in 1722) has already been mentioned.

In 1729, the daughter of Peter I, the future Tsarina Elizaveta Petrovna, lived and rested in our city for about 2 months.

In 1837, the heir to the throne, the future Emperor Alexander II, stayed in Shuya.

After all, Shuya is a provincial town, and this attention seems no coincidence. Maybe this is somehow connected with the legend about the Sarmatian capital (see “first miracle”).

For some reason, Shuya, and not such pious cities as Suzdal, Murom or Rostov the Great, was the first (in 1922) to oppose the Bolshevik “cavalry attack” on the Russian Orthodox Church.

Shuya attracted not only royalty, but also the attention of famous Russian writers and poets. Our city is mentioned in the works of N.A. Nekrasova, P.I. Melnikov-Pechersky, L.N. Tolstoy, V.A. Gilyarovsky K.I. Chukovsky, I.A. Bunina, M.N. Zagoskina, V.V. Mayakovsky, N.A. Klyueva, A.A. Akhmatova, as well as Konstantin Balmont and Marina Tsvetaeva, who have a “blood” relationship to the Shuya land. Impressive list! For some reason Shuya (the name or the city itself) attracted them all.

The riddle (riddles?) of Shui have not yet been solved. One thing can be said for sure: Shuya is a special, unique city, there is no other like it anywhere and there never will be...

WALKING TOUR IN SHUYA
We will start our journey around Shuya from a local pedestrian street. Malachi Belov Street, no joke, everyone here calls it “Arbat”. The question “How to get to the pedestrian street?” The local residents were thrown into a stupor.
In spring and autumn, the street looks like one big wasteland. There are not enough sculptures and benches. But the locals enjoy relaxing here, and the market traders sincerely and enthusiastically sell their goods.
However, if we put aside criticism and remember what happened here a few years ago, all that remains is to praise the administration for the improvement.
The most beautiful buildings on the street are the 19th century shopping arcades.

Shuya shopping arcades

It is known that the development of trade in Shuya was facilitated by the city’s convenient location on the navigable Teza River.

Even foreign merchants came to trade in Shuya - in 1654 there was a shop of the English-Arkhangelsk trading company here. The fame of the local fairs spread far around the world. Even whole legends and proverbs appeared, for example: “The Shuya rogue will harness anyone to a collar.”
Today the city cannot even boast of out-of-town traders, but there are quite a lot of local products. They sell honey, dairy products, and Shuya chickens.
The coat of arms of Shuya was approved in 1781 by decree of the Russian Empress Catherine the Great. In the old coat of arms of Shuya there was a symbol of the city of Vladimir - a lion-like leopard, and Shuya itself was part of the Vladimir governorship.
Today Shuya cannot renounce his past and recognize himself as a district member of the Ivanovo region. Attentive tourists were probably able to spot the Vladimir coat of arms on local souvenirs, and notice the absence of “Ivanovo region” in the manufacturer’s address. For those who don’t know: not so long ago Ivanovo was just a village within the Shuisky district of the Vladimir province.
Today, the coat of arms and flag of Shuya is a bar of soap on a red field, symbolizing the glorious Shuya soap factories. There is no symbol of the Ivanovo region in the picture.
The city is trying to maintain the ancient tradition of soap making. There are even soap festivals organized here - with a parade of soap bubbles, a fair of bath and soap accessories, master classes on soap making and foam discos. If you were unable to attend such a holiday, then it is best to buy soap souvenirs at the museum.

Shuya Museum

The main architectural and church attractions of the city are the Resurrection Cathedral (1756) and the nearby bell tower (1810-1832).

The Shuya Bell Tower is one of the tallest bell towers in Russia and the tallest building in the Ivanovo region.

At the time of writing this review, a major reconstruction of the bell tower was underway. In the near future, I am sure, it will shine in all its glory, and the Shuya bells will again ring with church chimes.
In front of the bell tower there is a monument next to which everyone takes pictures of the Russian new martyrs.

Monument to the New Martyrs in the city of Shuya

The Resurrection Cathedral is just steps away. It is also being restored.
After Shuisky Arbat, it is recommended to take a walk along Teatralnaya Street. Perhaps by the time you are in the city, its renovation will have already been completed.
It is already clear today that if the reconstruction is carried out correctly, this street can become the pearl of Shuya - a center of attraction for tourists and young people.
There are several architectural monuments on the street. For example, the house at Teatralnaya, 23 is a merchant estate of Dudkin in the style of late classicism.
The facade of the main building of the estate is decorated with a figured attic, small pilasters, and architraves with figured stucco.
Next to the mansion there is a tent of the same merchant, in which, please note, there are as many as five false windows.

Merchant Dudkin's tent on Theater Street in Shuya

After theater street you can walk through the park towards the museum. The park is in poor condition.

Behind Lenin Square there is perhaps the most beautiful building in Shuya - the former city government. Now there is a literary and local history museum of Konstantin Balmont.

Literary and Local Lore Museum of Konstantin Balmont

The building is in a pseudo-Russian style, like a painted mansion from a Russian fairy tale. The museum was created in 1968 on a voluntary basis and has over 30 thousand exhibits.

Moving further along Soyuznaya Street, you can see another attraction of Shuya - the Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary. Surrounded by a pond it looks quite picturesque.
The tour of Shuya can be continued along Sovetskaya Street, which goes across the bridge.
Along the way you will come across perhaps the most colorful building in Shuya of the Soviet era.
The bridge is notable primarily for its pedestrian part, which is several times larger than the roadway. Everything is very pretty and can be used for romantic walks.
The views from the bridge are predominantly industrial. In the distance you can see the MPF - Mercerized Polo Factory Limited, which produces T-shirts from mercerized cotton.
This factory has nothing to do with the ancient Shuya craft. If you want to look at local products, then visit the Shuya Stitching Factory or the Shuya Textile Shopping Center.

FAMOUS PEOPLE OF SHUYA CITY
KONSTANTIN BALMONT
(1867-1942)
Konstantin Dmitrievich Balmont is an outstanding poet who is rightfully considered one of the founders of the “Silver Age” of Russian literature. Until 1905, according to V. Bryusov, he literally “reigned” over Russian poetry; his influences and innovative discoveries in the field of lyricism left a mark on the work of subsequent poetic generations.

K. Balmont was born on June 3 (15), 1867 in the village of Gumnishchi, Shuisky district, Vladimir province (now Ivanovo region). The poet's father, Dmitry Konstantinovich (1836-1907), served in the Shuisky district court and zemstvo for almost half a century. He was a poor landowner, a man of quiet and kind disposition, who, according to the poet, “appreciated nothing in the world except freedom, the countryside, nature and hunting.” Mother, Vera Nikolaevna, nee Lebedeva (1843-1909), an educated, energetic, progressive woman, enjoyed great authority in Shuya. Each parent influenced the future poet in his own way, but Balmont especially highlighted the influence of his mother, who introduced him to “the world of music, literature, history, and linguistics.”

Young Balmont spent the first years of his life on his father’s estate. Here, at the age of ten, he wrote his first poems. To this day, an ancient linden park has been preserved in Gumnishchi - a witness to the youth of Konstantin Balmont. “Linden trees surround everything I have,” the poet wrote, remembering not only his childhood, but also the tomb of his parents in the village of Yakimanne.

Balmont Museum in Shuya

In 1876-1883, K. Balmont studied at the Shuya men's classical gymnasium, from where he was expelled for participating in an anti-government circle. The gymnasium building has remained unchanged, now it is secondary school No. 2, which in December 2001 was named after K. Balmont.

Since 1993, work has been underway in the city of Shuya to revive the name of an outstanding fellow countryman. In order to popularize the poet’s work among the younger generation, the city annually hosts the “Sun Elf” children’s poetry festival, in which more than 600 schoolchildren take part each time. The festival program is multifaceted and interesting. During the festival, children who are talented in the field of music, theater, and poetry are identified. In the Shuya Museum of Local Lore, the search for Balmont memorial objects is fruitfully underway. At the moment, the Balmont collection includes about 400 exhibits. On its basis, in 1997, the exhibition “Where is My Home” was created, introducing visitors to the city of Konstantin Balmont’s childhood and youth. The most interesting are the authentic unique exhibits: the travel chest with which the poet traveled; wardrobe, chairs, utensils from his father's estate; books with autographs of Balmont and others. Visitors to this exhibition were not only distant relatives of the poet living in Shuya, but also direct descendants of Konstantin Balmont from other cities and countries: the poet’s daughter Svetlana Konstantinovna Shalee (USA, New York), the poet’s grandson the line of the daughter of Nina Konstantinovna Bruni-Balmont - Vasily Lvovich Bruni, his children, great-grandchildren of the poet, Ekaterina, Peter and the famous avant-garde artist Lavrentiy Bruni (Moscow).

Due to historical circumstances, Balmont is still one of the least studied poets of Russian literature. The Balmont readings (June) have become traditional in the museum, which brings together scientists and local historians from different cities of Russia who study the Balmont theme.

Balmont Vladimir Alexandrovich
(16.02.1901 - 10.05.1971)
Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, professor, academician of the All-Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, laureate of the USSR State Prize, Honored Scientist of the Kazakh SSR. Born in the city of Shuya, Ivanovo region.

In 1918 he graduated from high school in Vladimir. In 1926 he graduated from the Siberian Institute of Agriculture and Forestry in Omsk. Graduate of the Higher Courses for Sheep Breeders in Askania-Nova.

Since 1929, chief specialist in sheep breeding of the People's Commissariat of Agriculture of the Kazakh SSR.

In the early 30s, Balmont V.A. led the work to create his own base for fine-fleece sheep breeding in Kazakhstan.

Organizer of the Kazakh branch of VASKhNIL, Kazakh Research Institute of Animal Husbandry.

WRITER BORIS POLEVOY AND SHUYA
In the recent past, there was probably not a person in our country who did not know the name of the writer Boris Nikolaevich Polevoy (1908-1981). In addition to “The Tale of a Real Man” (published in 1946), which was included in the school curriculum, his diaries about the Nuremberg trials (the trial of the main Nazis), published in the form of a book entitled “In the End” (1968), were also quite popular. . The writer's name is associated with the once popular magazine "Yunost", where he was editor-in-chief for 20 years. But probably few people know that his real name is Kampov. And very few people know about his blood connection with Shuya.

So, in the second half of the 19th century, priest M.V. served in the Spassky Church in Shuya. Milovsky. One of his daughters married a teacher from Kostroma P.N. Kampova. In 1879, he died, and the widow with two children came to her father in Shuya. One of the children's name was Nikolai. It was Nikolai Petrovich Kampov - the future father of the writer Boris Polevoy (Kampov)! He lived in Shuya until the age of 14, graduating from the local theological school. Then, after graduating from the Vladimir Theological Seminary, he entered Yuryev University. Upon completion of his studies N.P. Kampov worked in Moscow, then for 3 years in Rzhev and finally received the position of city judge in Tver. Here, in Tver, the future writer spent his childhood years.

Subsequently B.N. Polevoy recalled: “I was born in Moscow, but grew up in Tver... My father was a lawyer, he died in 1916 from tuberculosis. I hardly remember him, but judging by the wonderful library left after him, where all Russians were collected and foreign classics, and according to his mother’s stories, he was an advanced man for his time, widely educated...” Let us forgive the writer for the inaccuracy in the date of his father’s death; this tragedy occurred at too early an age. In fact, N.P. Kampov died on February 6, 1915. And the writer’s father was buried in Shuya! Unfortunately, his grave cannot be found now - his resting place was a small cemetery near the Spasskaya Church. Unfortunately, today the church and cemetery on Spasskaya Square do not exist.

A few words about the writer's surname. Kampov is a seminary, priestly surname. "Kampos" translated from Greek means "field", hence the nickname - Polevoy!

TSVETAEV IVAN VLADIMIROVICH
(1847-1913)
European philologist, doctor of the University of Bologna, professor of Art History at Kyiv and Moscow universities, director of the Rumyantsev Museum, founder of the Museum of Fine Arts (now the State Museum of Fine Arts named after A.S. Pushkin in Moscow).

Born in the village. Drozdov, Shuisky district, in the family of a priest. After completing his studies at the Shuya Theological School, he entered the Vladimir Theological Seminary.

Fascinated by the study of Latin and ancient Greek, he entered the philological faculty of Moscow University. Extraordinary talent and love for his chosen work allowed I.V. Tsvetaev to graduate from the university with a gold medal and remain within its walls for scientific work. At the age of 29, he defended his doctoral dissertation and began working at the university as a professor. Many years of studies in classical mythology, close acquaintance with artistic monuments, and the organization of museum work in different countries allowed I.V. Tsvetaeva to head the department of fine arts at Moscow University. He becomes convinced of the need to create an art museum in Moscow.

He attracted the famous industrialist Savva Morozov, owner of glass factories in Gus-Khrustalny I.S., to finance the construction of the Museum of Fine Arts. Nechaev-Maltsev, the talented architect R.I. contributed to the creation of the project. Klein. The opening of the museum took place on May 31, 1912, I.V. Tsvetaev was appointed the first director of the museum.

He did not live long, completing more than 16 years (1896-1912) of work on its construction and completion and died on August 31, 1913. In memory of the merits of I.V. Tsvetaev’s bas-relief profile with a memorial inscription is sculptured near the entrance to the museum.

The dream of a museum began... in those days when my father, the son of a poor rural priest in the village of Talitsa, as a twenty-six-year-old philologist, first set foot on a Roman stone. But I’m wrong: at that moment the decision to create such a museum was created, the dream of a museum began, of course, before Rome - back in the flooded gardens of Kiev, and maybe also in remote Talitsy of the Shuisky district, where he studied Latin and Greek behind a torch. . “I wish I could take a look!” Later, when he saw: “If only others (like him, barefoot and “beamed”) could look with their eyes.”

In the Ivanovo region; left
Length - 192 km, basin area 3450 km².
On the river there is the historical city of Shuya, the villages of Dunilovo, Khotiml, Kholui with beautiful temple complexes.
Near the first lock (the village of Sergeevo) on the left bank there are picturesque karst lakes, called “Mermaids” by Ivanovo tourists. This is a traditional place for tourist gatherings.
The river is actively used for rafting tourism.

Teza flows from the Kozlovsky swamps east of the city of Privolzhsk. The source of the Teza is located 12 kilometers south of the Volga bed next to the Volga-Uvod canal.

The channel is winding, the height of the banks gradually increases. In the upper reaches there is a small narrow river 6-7 meters wide, on average from 8-10 meters to 20-30 meters in the lower reaches.
In the Kaminsky - Shuya section, the river flows in picturesque meadow banks with copses; after the confluence of the large tributary Parsha on the left, the width of the Teza increases to 20 meters.

The banks below Shuya become more open, overgrown with willows and isolated groves. Islands and oxbow lakes appear in the riverbed.

Tezinsky shipping cascade
Below the city of Shuya, right up to the mouth, the river is regulated by five dams with locks (Sergeevo, Polki, Khotiml, Kholui, No. 5), the last lock is two kilometers from the mouth. In this section the river was passable for boats. Wooden locks, built in the first half of the 19th century, were used to allow ships through until 1994. In the 2000s, concrete adjustable spillways were built on two of them, and reconstruction of three more is planned.

In the last years of operation of the Tezin lock system, the high-speed passenger line “Shuya - Khotiml”, served by motor ships of the “Zarnitsa” type, operated. In the suburban area near Shuya there was a line “Shuya - 21st kilometer”, which was served by a “Moskvich” type motor ship. Until November 24, 1993, the Tezin system was on the balance sheet of the Moscow Canal Administration.

In ancient times it was of great transport importance; the trade routes of Shuya merchants ran along the Teza.

Shuya city

Tributaries (km from mouth]
45 km: River Under (Ungaro) (?)
47 km: Lulekh River (lv)
64.7 km: Sebiryanka River (pr)
65.1 km: Vnuchka river (lv)
70 km: Salnya river (pr)
81 km: Tyunikh River
87 km: Sekha River (White Kamyshki)
89 km: Mardas River
106 km: Molokhta River (pr)
122 km: Parsha River (lv)
126 km: Lemeshok River (pr)
128 km: Vondyga River (Vyazovka) (pr)
131 km: Nozyga River (pr)
147 km: Postna river (lv)
159 km: Mezhitsa River (lv)

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SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND PHOTO:
Team Nomads
Nevolin P.I. Shuya, city // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg, 1890-1907.
http://www.okrugshuya.ru
Walking tour of Shuya
Shuya in the encyclopedia “My City”
Official website of the Shuya city administration
Shuisky city socio-cultural complex
Shuya - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.
Kudryavtsev F. F. Golden Ring. - L., Aurora, 1974. - 232 p. (Pereslavl-Zalessky, Rostov, Borisoglebskie settlements, Nikola-Uleima, Uglich, Tutaev, Yaroslavl, Kostroma, Krasnoe-on-Volge, Plyos, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, Vladimir, Yuryev-Polsky, Alexandrova Sloboda, Zagorsk).
http://towntravel.ru/ivanovskaya-oblast/shuya.html
Golden Ring of Russia: Guide / A. V. Lavrentiev, I. B. Purishev, A. A. Turilov; compiled by Yu. M. Kirillova.. - M.: Profizdat, 1984. - 352 p. - (One hundred paths - one hundred roads). — 100,000 copies. (in translation)
Sights of the Ivanovo region

Which federal district does the city of Shuya belong to?

The Federal District is an enlarged territory consisting of several constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

In what region is the city of Shuya located?

A characteristic of a region or a subject of a country is the integrity and interconnection of its constituent elements, including cities and other settlements that are part of the region.

The Ivanovo region is an administrative unit of the state of Russia.

Population of the city of Shuya.

Year of foundation of Shuya.

In what time zone is the city of Shuya located?

Shuya city telephone code

a brief description of

The city is located between the Volga and Klyazma rivers, 32 km southeast of Ivanovo. Pier on the left bank of the Teza (a tributary of the Klyazma). Railway station.

In 1970, Shuya was included in the list of historical cities of Russia. The urban heritage value of the city is assessed at the local level.

Territory (sq. km): 33

Information about the city of Shuya on the Russian Wikipedia site

Historical sketch

Known since the mid-14th century. like the patrimony of the Shuisky princes. It was first mentioned in chronicles in 1393-94. as a significant settlement in the Nizhny Novgorod principality. Since 1403, the surname of the Shuisky princes, derived from the name of the village, has been known. Named after the location of the village at the confluence of the river. Shuya to Teza (left tributary of the Klyazma); hydronym Shuya - “swampy river” (Finnish suo “swamp”, oja “river, stream”).

Shuya was first mentioned as a city in 1539, and before that time it was known as Borisoglebskaya Sloboda, named after the church of the noble princes Boris and Gleb.

In 1539 it was devastated by the troops of the Kazan Khan Safi-Girey, in 1609 by the Poles, in 1619 by the Lithuanians and Cossacks.

In the 16th-17th centuries. conducted a brisk trade, was famous for the manufacture of canvas, cloth, sheepskins, leather, and the manufacture of sleighs and carts.

In 1755, the merchant Ya. Igumnov opened the first linen manufactory. At the end of the 18th century. Shuya was one of the leading cities in Russia in terms of improvement, development of textile production and trade.

In 1708, Shuya was assigned to the Moscow province, and from 1719 - in the Yuryevo-Polish province of the Moscow province (in the 1760s, the Yuryev province). Since 1778, the district city of the Vladimir governorship (since 1796 - the Vladimir province).

In 1856, in the district town of Shuya, Vladimir province, there were 6 churches, 676 houses, 192 shops.

In 1847, F. Popov opened the first mechanical weaving and paper spinning factory; from that time on, machine production began to replace manual production.

At the end of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries. Sheepskin-fur, furrier, stitching, and accordion-making trades were also developed.

Since 1918, Shuya has been a district town of the Ivanovo-Voznesensk province, since 1932 it has been the regional center of the Ivanovo region.

Municipal indicators

Data sources:

1. Regions of Russia. Main characteristics of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation: statistical collection. Goskomstat of Russia. - M:, 2003.

Economy

Shuya is a significant center of the textile industry. JSC: "Shuya Proletarian", "Shuya-Tezinskaya Factory", "Shuya Calico" - spinning, weaving and finishing of cotton fabrics. Production of weaving machines: JSC Frunze Machine Plant.

Woodworking (branch of Ivanovo Furniture JSC, Shuya-Mebel JSC, Lesopunkt LLP), light industry (sewing, stitching, knitting factories), and food industry are developed.

JSC "Shuiskaya garmon" (harmonicas and accordions), JSC "Radiopribor" (assembly of components for radio equipment), etc.

Main enterprises

TEXTILE INDUSTRY

The Ivanovo region is considered one of the oldest in Russia. The region is rich in sights, artistic traditions, and architectural monuments, which are located in various settlements. The regional center is the city of Ivanovo. The distance from it to Moscow is just over 300 km. Large settlements in the region include Kokhma, Teykovo, Furmanov, Kineshma, Vichuga. The main types of recreation here are pilgrimage tours, visits to sanatoriums, excursions, and fishing. The Golden Ring includes such Russian cities as Yuryevets, Ples, Kholuy, Ivanovo, Shuya and others. Just one of them will be discussed in this article. Next, the reader will be able to get to know the settlement with the beautiful name Shuya.

general information

The city of Shuya, Ivanovo region, is the administrative center. It is located between two rivers, which are the Klyazma and Volga. The map of the Ivanovo region clearly shows the location of the subject of the Russian Federation we are considering. The river flows through the settlement from north to south. Teza. This is evidenced by the map below. Shuya (Ivanovo region) is considered the third largest settlement in the region. As of 2014, it had more than 58.5 thousand inhabitants. The settlement is located 32 km from Ivanovo. Shuya has an area of ​​more than 33 km 2. The following will be the history of the settlement.

Historical information

According to one version, in the place where Shuya now stands (Ivanovo region), a settlement was formed in ancient times. It was formed by the Finno-Ugric peoples Merya and Chud. The name of the settlement may come from the word "suo" (Finnish). Translated, it means “marshy area, swamp, lake.” There is another hypothesis. According to it, the name comes from the ancient Slavic “oshyu”. It is translated as “on the left hand”, “on the left”, and regarding the location of the settlement - on the left bank. Not far from the city in the 20th century, the Semukhinsky mounds - ancient burial places - were discovered. They belong to the Volga trade road of the 10th-11th centuries.

Principality

The history of Rus' has preserved references to the owners of the city. The Shuisky princes were its masters for almost 200 years. Their family originates from Vasily Kirdyapa. He was one of the princes of Suzdal. A famous representative of the family was V.I. Shuisky. This prince was the last king of the Rurikovichs. He reigned from 1606 to 1610. After him, the Romanov dynasty began to rule the state. According to historical information, Prince Shuisky visited his estate quite often. The owner of these lands loved falconry. His daughter, Princess Anna, is buried in the village. Melnichny. Now it is a suburb of Shuya. In the local Kremlin (now this is the area of ​​​​Union Square) there were siege yards. They belonged to Prince Shuisky, and Pozharsky, and some others.

Beginning of chronology

The settlement was first officially mentioned in documents from 1539. At that time, some cities in the Ivanovo region were devastated. The Nikon Chronicle testifies to the invasion of the territory of the Kazakh Khan Safa-Girey. Shuya was among those devastated. The Ivanovo region, as you know, is a place where a large number of monasteries and temples are located. Before the invasion of the Kazakh Khan, the settlement was called Borisoglebskaya Sloboda. Shuya was named after the church of St. Boris and Gleb, located on the territory of the settlement.

Crowned persons

During his campaign against Kazan, Ivan the Terrible visited Shuya. Soon it was annexed to the other 19 settlements that were part of the oprichnina. This happened in 1565-72. Shuya (Ivanovo region) became the property of the Russian Tsar. In 1572, in accordance with the spiritual charter, the settlement was inherited by the son of Ivan the Terrible, Fedor. However, the city was soon devastated. First, in 1609, the Poles did this, and then the Lithuanians - in 1619. In 1722, Peter the Great visited the city. He stopped here to venerate the shrine - the icon of the Mother of God (Shuisko-Smolensk). It was written during the pestilence of 1654-55. After the icon was completed, the epidemic in the city stopped, and people were healed of other ailments by venerating the image of the Mother of God. Peter the Great also got rid of the disease. The Tsar wanted to take the shrine with him to St. Petersburg, but local residents begged him to leave the image in the Church of the Resurrection. For some time, Peter’s daughter Elizaveta lived in Shuya. She loved to go hunting in the local forests. Another heir to the throne, Alexander II, was also here.

Textile industry

The production of linen has been going on since ancient times. Many city residents were engaged in the textile industry. Linen canvases were produced in peasant huts and town houses using wooden weaving looms. By the middle of the 18th century, manufactories began to appear. The largest one was discovered in 1755 by merchant Yakov Igumnov. But by the end of the century, flax was replaced by cotton. The first entrepreneurs to organize the supply of cotton yarn from England were the Kiselyov merchants. At the same time, the factories of the Posylin brothers also developed. The products of their manufactories received a large gold medal at the First All-Russian Exhibition in St. Petersburg.

Merchants

Trade and industry in Shuya developed at a rapid pace. This was facilitated by its convenient geographical location - the settlement was formed on a navigable river. The Gostiny Dvor was built in the city, which had a fairly large area. Foreign and out-of-town merchants came here to trade. In Gostiny Dvor in 1654 there was a shop of the English-Arkhangelsk Trade Union. The most ancient industrial sector in Shuya is soap making. The first mention of the factories is in the scribe book of 1629. By the 16th century, the industrial character of the settlement had practically formed. Along with soap making, sheepskin and fur coats were an ancient craft. It especially flourished in the 16th and 17th centuries. That is why Prince Shuisky was popularly nicknamed “the fur coat maker.”

Coat of arms

In 1781, Catherine the Great issued a special decree, in accordance with which the Vladimir governorship was officially formed. The coat of arms of Shuya was also approved. It was a shield divided into 2 parts. At the top was the symbol of Vladimir (the provincial city) - a lion-like leopard standing on its hind legs, and at the bottom - a bar of soap on a red background, which glorified the soap factories located in the city.

Architecture and museums

Shuya (photo of the city is presented in the article) is a unique settlement. An amazing atmosphere has been preserved here. On the territory of this ancient merchant city there are various buildings - unique architectural monuments. In particular, the estates of Pavlov and the merchant Nekrasov are of particular historical interest. The Kiselevskaya Hospital is located on Union Square. Previously, there was a Kremlin on this site. Lenin Square is located not far from Soyuznaya. There are also some pretty interesting places here. For example, it is worth visiting shopping arcades. The building in which they are located was erected at the beginning of the 19th century.

And Soyuznaya are separated by a pond, through which you can cross on a bridge. Today the territory of the shopping arcade is occupied by the Museum of Local Lore. It contains a fairly extensive exhibition. Various exhibits are presented: household items, costumes, coins, furniture, etc. Visitors can get a closer look at the history of the city and region. Most of the exhibition tells about Konstantin Balmont. The birthplace of this famous poet is Shuya (Ivanovo region). History buffs will also be interested in visiting the Frunze Art and Memorial Museum. Today, the topics of the exhibitions presented are quite wide. The museum is a fairly large complex in which collections of local artists and historical exhibits are exhibited. In addition, various festivals and competitions are regularly held here. The cultural institution hosts an extensive exhibition. The entire exhibition is located in ancient merchant buildings. These mansions themselves are already architectural monuments. Since 2010, the Museum of Military Glory has been operating in Shuya. Another interesting attraction is the wooden sluices from the 19th century.

Temples

In Shuya, as well as in other ancient cities, there are quite a lot of churches. The Resurrection Cathedral is considered the most famous local landmark. It must be said that before the revolution there were about 20 churches in Shuya. The Resurrection Cathedral is famous for its 106-meter bell tower. It must be said that in terms of its size it is in 2nd place in Russia. The largest is the bell tower of the Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg. The bell for the Resurrection Cathedral was cast in Moscow. It was installed on the bell tower in 1891 in honor of the birthday of Emperor Nicholas II. In 1922, they tried to remove church valuables from the temple. Local residents then came out to the square to prevent this act. But on the orders of the authorities, fire was opened on people, resulting in the death of several people. After this, mass repressions against members of the clergy began. A monument was unveiled in honor of the victims of the clergy in 2007. In addition to the Resurrection, in Shuya there is the Cathedral of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker. There are also Ilyinskaya, Pokrovskaya, and Holy Cross churches.

General information and history

Shuya is located in the center of the Ivanovo region, 32 kilometers from its capital, on the Teza River. It is the capital of the Shuisky district and the third city in the region in terms of population. The area of ​​the city is 33.29 km².

The name of the city is associated with the Shuisky princes, who owned it for about 200 years. On the territory of the city Kremlin there were siege yards, which were owned, among other things, by D. M. Pozharsky. The first mention of Shuya dates back to 1539 (Nikon Chronicle). Before this, the city was called Borisoglebskaya Sloboda. A decade later he was included in the oprichnina. In 1609, Shuya was destroyed by the Poles, and ten years later by the Lithuanians. In 1722, heading on the Persian campaign, Peter I bowed to the Shuya-Smolensk Mother of God. Also in the 18th century, industry and merchants began to develop here. The merchant class developed due to the fact that ships sailed along the Teza, including from foreign countries. There were several fairs. In 1755, a linen manufactory was created. There were also soap-making and sheepskin-fur industries. In 1781, a coat of arms appeared.

In the fall of 1918, the headquarters of the 7th Infantry Chernigov, formerly Vladimir, Division took place in the city.

Population of Shuya for 2018 and 2019. Number of inhabitants of Shuya

Data on the number of city residents are taken from the Federal State Statistics Service. The official website of the Rosstat service is www.gks.ru. The data was also taken from the unified interdepartmental information and statistical system, the official website of EMISS www.fedstat.ru. The website publishes data on the number of residents of Shuya. The table shows the distribution of the number of Shuya residents by year; the graph below shows the demographic trend in different years.

Shuya population change chart:

As of 2015, the population of Shuya is about 58.7 thousand people. Density - 1766.15 people/km².

Most of the Shuyans are Russian.

Ethnic names: Shuyanin, Shuyanka, Shuyans.

Shuya photo of the city. Photo of Shuya

Information about the city of Shuya on Wikipedia.