As an option, when considering the issue of the energy source of everything that exists in the space of the universe, including all its aspects - parallel worlds (especially for "believers" in nonsense about the theories of "strings" and "big bang"), it can be assumed that he (source ) is located just outside its (universe) limits. If we really simplify the algorithm for the development of the macrocosm and create a primitive model of the universe, then we get something similar to a constantly growing sphere (or an ellipsoid - the shape geometry is not decisive now). This means that in its primary form it was a smaller sphere (perhaps something similar to a singularity point), which, by its very definition, should have two important components: energy for its development and a program, again, for its evolution.

And in this case, it is hard to believe that the source (let's call it that) has such an amount of energy in it. Let's add here the expediency of this. Another thing is the development program, because we constantly encounter similar natural phenomena with similar examples. Take at least the grain and the grown plant. The latent grain contains a detailed program for the development of this organic material, and the nutrient medium that supplies the energy of life is outside the boundaries of its development. Thus, the universe in its "zero" state - the point of singularity according to the official academic version of the current moment - occupied the minimum amount of potential space (apparently, without the universe, the concept of "space" loses all meaning, and therefore it is appropriate to use an exclusively speculative form of reasoning subjunctive to that or inclinations). But for storing "within itself" the CV (the code of the universe) and this is enough, taking into account the absence of a material aspect (the essential or physical nature of the "object").

Thus, the "universal ellipsoid" resembles a children's inflatable balloon, so ardently loved in the epic era by the proletarian participants in the demonstrations on May Day. That is, the development program is on the face, and the filling comes from the outside. The only assumption can not be taken into account due to the absence of a fundamental contradiction - the balloon is inflated from one area (inlet), and the universe receives "recharge" from all sides of the space-time boundary, which limits its size in the current state. So, matter outside the universe is in such a fundamental (chaotic or unstable) state that the rate of growth of the volume of the universe depends entirely on the "ability" to process the primordial substance into the physical filling of the universe. Is it possible that this speed would be equal to the speed of light?! The question is significant, if not fundamental, but not quite on our topic. Therefore, we will discuss it at another time and in a correspondingly different place.

In principle, the idea of ​​mastering external energy by the space-time aspect of the universe is understandable and, like everything ingenious, is simple, if not for one "but". And where does the universe feed from in the future after expanding its boundaries to a significant distance of time?! That is, after the boundaries (the place of energy “powering”) of the universe have moved away from the area under consideration (let it be the solar system or our planet, as the most conscious macro object at a practical level) to a distance incomparable with our ideas about the propagation of energy (electromagnetic waves , as a universal type of energy from the list known to us today), the source of energy should, as it were, already be inside the universe. And not just inside, but at the closest distance from the point of view of spatio-temporal accessibility to the place of its (energy) consumption. For example, where do elementary particles get their energy now?!

And here we come to the place where the real world begins to change its usual parameters. Namely, the real world and the visible world are not just two big differences, but also a completely different methodology for establishing design characteristics. The real world, relative to the visible (the optical range of perception can be conditionally taken as a world expanding horizontally, in the 3D version familiar to us) also has a vertical aspect of its development, in which at the micro level there is the same fundamental matter as outside the universe. Objective facts lead to this idea: instability (signs of chaos), huge energy potential, interaction with space-time projections of the universe at other levels (for example, up to 11 according to the so-called “string theory”).

And now we already understand that the universe in that “conservative” form (ellipsoid and its expansion according to the Big Bang theory) requires very serious adjustments in the most basic and fundamental concepts. After all, accepting the fact that chaotic (primordial) matter is located not only outside the space-time framework of the universe, but also inside it at a fundamental level, we need to completely reconsider our attitude to many relevant things. Including, in fact, to the concepts of space and time itself (the possibility of moving along them like on a freeway), energy production not only by chemical means and inefficient physical methods (the so-called environmentally friendly methods), but also at the level of inexhaustible reserves according to modern estimates . Yes, you never know what else will come up in the course, as they say, of the play?!

The energy crisis, as we now present it, and in terms of the topic under consideration, of course, seems simply ridiculous. Can hydrocarbons as a carrier of energy really influence the evolution of the universe, at least on the scale of human development?! The question is not just rhetorical, but also some kind of humorous in addition. Science should, conditionally speaking, change the direction of its development to the opposite. That is, instead of “staring” into space (at least not doing it so actively), you need to turn the eyes of your “bright” heads to the microcosm. It is there that many of the answers to our questions are found. Just imagine that in order to understand the “beyond” foundations (matter beyond the universe), you don’t need to try to surpass the universe in its expansion rate, but you only need to delve into the fundamental foundations of matter, so to speak, right under your nose. True, it is somewhat unusual to understand the fact that the entire universe, like an island in the ocean, is, as it were, in a state of “floating” in an environment with chaotic, and therefore not subject to any regularities, matter.

By the way, as nonsense, imagine that, so to speak, some other universe is moving towards us (expanding in size). And what will happen to the spatio-temporal substance in the place where they are superimposed on each other?! It is possible that we are now in the area of ​​"intersection" of several universes. This, perhaps, implies the probability (even at the mathematical level) of the substantiation of multilevel space-time projections of our universe.

Some might say that dreaming is not harmful. But, let me remind you that all theories are born from hypotheses, which, as the subject is studied, are either leveled or recognized as the official version. Thus, at the current moment, it is only necessary to understand the fact that this is hypothetically possible. Having accepted this not even as a given, but only from the point of view of a probabilistic view of things, we will already significantly increase the area of ​​our perception of the world around us, which is not bad at all according to all estimates of the conscious function of a person.

And what do we have in the dry, so to speak, residue?! The boundaries of the universe lie not only in the far distances (13 trillion light years from Earth), but also in close proximity. But the stable nature of the real world, which is the very basis of its existence, does not allow chaotic matter to "break" it into pieces. However, in this chaos there is a source of inexhaustible energy, which means that, having reached it, a person will receive a pass to the "Club of the Chosen Ones", which will allow him to solve all his pressing problems.

Where do we get energy from? At the lowest level of cellular function, the form of energy your cells can use is called adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

For our greater benefit, the body produces ATP by burning (oxidizing or burning) glucose from carbohydrates or fatty acids from fats. Under certain circumstances, protein can also be used to recreate ATP, either directly or through conversion to glucose or fat (usually protein is converted to glucose to be used as fuel). We'll come back to this a little later.

With a few exceptions, which I'll talk about in a few seconds, every tissue in the body can use both carbohydrates and fat for energy. But what determines what type of fuel will be used? When carbs are available (because you eat the most), then the tissues will use carbs, in the form of glucose, for fuel. When carbohydrates are not available (because you have limited yourself), the body will switch to using fats. This fat can be used from your food as well as from your butt and belly. This is another thing that is often overlooked when using weight/fat loss methods: when you eat more carbs your body uses less energy from fat, when you eat less carbs your body uses more energy from fat.

What about exceptions? Some tissues in your body, like the brain/CNS and a couple of others, cannot use fatty acids for energy, they can only use glucose. And the brain is the most important thing I want to talk about here. It is commonly (and incorrectly) assumed that the brain can only use glucose for energy, and this is true if you look at glucose, amino acids and fat as sources of energy. But in this way we forget about the fourth source of energy - ketones (also known as ketone bodies). Ketones are created from the breakdown of fat through the work of the liver and do the job of fuel for the brain during periods of fasting or cutting carbohydrates.

I want to point out that after a few weeks of ketosis (a state in which ketones accumulate in the blood as fuel that the brain uses), the brain can get about 75% of its main energy from ketone metabolism. The remaining 25% is glucose.

In the life of every individual, black streaks can arise from failures and defeats, but individuals filled with strength get out of any situation with dignity.

Society dreams of being harmonious and happy, so the question of where a person’s energy comes from becomes very relevant in our chaotic and fussy world. Of course, physiological processes are important for maintaining tone, but at the same time, you should never forget about the quality of life itself and its fulfillment.

Where does a person get energy: the opinion of biologists

Human cells receive energy reserves through metabolism, or rather, after the breakdown of adenosine triphosphoric acid. It is ATP that acts as a battery in the body, which is also replenished with nutrients from food. ATP accumulates in a person after the breakdown of useful components, and this process can be in the form of complete decay, i.e. with oxygen, and incomplete. In the second case, the decay product accumulates in muscle tissues, but the body instantly absorbs energy. In this way, for example, glucose is broken down in the body.

The main sources of life force, therefore, are food and oxygen. Therefore, the processes of respiration and digestion are so significant. An active lifestyle requires a lot of energy, which means more food. Any food product consists of carbohydrates, proteins and fats. They give the body energy. Vitamins, contrary to popular belief, do not give strength, but help speed up energy metabolism.

The glands of the endocrine system act as regulators of energy flows in the body. The process of realization of the vital force is controlled by the thyroid gland, and if it is not in the best shape, the food will not be fully used to extract benefits. The adrenal glands also play an important role, which release energy during stressful situations in the body.

But if, for example, negative emotions are restrained, excess energy begins to negatively affect the internal organs, giving them an extra load. The sex glands also control the release of energy, but such a force, as a rule, is considered creative.

What is the human need for energy? It depends on different individual characteristics. What matters is the age of the individual, height and weight, gender, metabolic rate, the ratio of physical and intellectual activity, the general nature of the main activity. It is also important in what conditions a person lives: climate, geographical nuances, humidity and air temperature.

The significant need for energy in an individual is determined by his physiology. To maintain all the basic processes, for example, maintaining temperature and heart rate, a constant energy flow is required. Biologists call the level of energy expenditure during rest after 12-14 hours after a meal, at an ambient temperature of 20 degrees, the main metabolism. This value is usually constant, and in a healthy body in middle age it is equal to 1 kcal per hour for every kilogram of weight.

Additional costs, of course, go away when playing sports or physical labor. Any employee without unnecessary physical activity during everyday chores and household chores spends a little more than 1000 kcal per day.

Mechanized labor increases this figure by 500-800 kcal, and heavy physical labor requires 2300-2800 kcal per day. Athletes also spend a lot of energy, because each simple workout adds 500 kcal to the norm. For marathon runners, the indicator jumps to 6000-8000 kcal per day. Energy consumption also increases with a decrease in air temperature.

To calculate the bioenergetic potential of a person, it is not necessary to take into account many factors. It is enough to multiply the year of birth by the number obtained by merging the month and the digit (not vice versa!) in the date. Then you need to add up all the numbers in the formed six- or seven-digit number.

For example, 1970*(9+9)=18

• On average, this indicator shows 26-27, and if the result is less than 20, a person can be considered an energy vampire, or he simply has a weak character without leadership qualities.
• And vice versa, a number greater than 30-33 indicates the presence of an additional energy channel in the personality, which is filled with the forces of the Universe, the presence of a guiding star and a bright individuality.

Also, if we consider the large number obtained after multiplication, we can see the development of the energy potential in the first 6-7 years of birth. Then the cycle ended and started again, so there is a chance to calculate where you are at this moment in life.

It should be noted that in addition to the indicated processes of respiration and absorption of food, sleep plays an important role in the accumulation of energy. Good rest restores strength and reduces the risk of diseases. Water is also an essential source of life. No less significant are physical exercises that increase the level of vital energy. In the movement lies the progress of man, willpower, victory over all ailments. It is only important to distinguish activity from everyday fussiness.

Where does a person get energy from: signs of fullness

Before deciding on the specific sources of the vitality of the individual, we must try to diagnose the energy state of the individual. In other words, it is worth making sure that the level of vibrations is really high and the aura is in excellent condition. Distinctive features of a carrier of balanced energy are:

• good health. Disease rarely bothers someone who has a constant supply of energy. Such a person has high immunity, good physical tone, quick recovery after failures in the body and an always luminous face.
• Fulfillment of desires. A person with a stable vitality attracts good luck and success, so her dreams come true much faster and more accurately than other subjects with an outflow of energy. At the same time, the number of new “Wishlists” for such a person is also growing, but they are not momentary whims.
• attractiveness. An energetic person exudes attractive and even sexual vibes. He is filled with inner strength and likes himself, which means he is also nice to the environment. Such a person has many friends and acquaintances, they are drawn to him as a source of joy and positive.
• Learning Opportunities. Sometimes when answering the question of where a person gets energy from, one can meet with a situation of a vicious circle. For example, vitality increases with the development of skills of understanding and concentration. But it is these indicators that can also be the result of energy fullness.
  Thus, a high level of energy allows a person to invest a minimum of his investment in the study of new information. Almost all areas of activity become accessible and understandable for this person. And all because a balanced energy guarantees confidence in your success, teaches you to quickly solve problems and remain calm in case of failure.
• Activity. Internal fullness pushes a person not to kill time just like that, but to use it to good use. Such a person wants to do as much as possible without focusing on negative points. Therefore, this subject is very easy to communicate and has a sufficient amount of leadership qualities. People with a high level of energy and a constant supply of it can have a wide range of impacts on society.

Lack of energy in humans: causes

As a rule, insufficient energy flow in the body of an individual is associated either with a blockage in the dynamic path of the life force, or with an incorrect distribution of energy in one's everyday life. If the flows are spent efficiently, the biofield will always flourish and function as a useful shield. But, unfortunately, in everyday life there are many things that require a lot of effort, potentially necessary for much important processes:

• negative emotions. Experiences and internal conflicts draw out a lot of personality energy. People get nervous literally on every occasion and exhaust the nervous system. Anger, anger, resentment are constant companions of life that should be immediately manifested so that negative emotion does not accumulate in the soul and is not constantly fueled by human energy.
• Overload. A full-fledged leisure is necessary for a person, and if physical and intellectual stress is accompanied by a refusal to sleep, the body is in a stressful state and begins to absorb all energy reserves. Some people try to solve accumulated problems at night, but, as a rule, they still lack concentration, and during the day the work is not done due to compensation for proper rest from waking time. If there is not enough time for quality sleep, it can sometimes be replaced with a relaxing technique or a light massage.
• The concern is not about the end goals. Why is there no energy in a person in most cases? The answer lies in the low purposefulness of the individual. Very often, the flows of the biofield flow away from the individual as a result of deeds that do not affect the final result. A purposeful subject always knows what his activity is aimed at, therefore he does not scatter himself on everyday household trifles that are not worth his energy costs. Therefore, by the way, the lack of a daily routine often leads to an uncontrolled outflow of energy.
• Bad habits. The vital energy of a person is significantly reduced when addictions occur. It has been proven that the performance of smokers is at a low level before each dose of tobacco, and as for alcohol and drugs, they worsen the nervous system and increase the level of irritability. Even the popular caffeine and with various kinds of energy drinks gives only an imaginary illusion of fullness of forces.
• Lack of contact with nature. The bustle of big cities requires a person to restore his reserves through the usual contemplation of peace and quiet. Nature helps the individual to deal with thoughts, get out of the routine of everyday life and throw out negative emotions. To refuse such a powerful source of energy is very stupid. Spending time in the fresh air, a person saturates the body with oxygen, he interacts with the active elements, learns to communicate with flora and fauna, to adopt pacifying vibrations from them too. It is through nature that a person directly receives the large-scale energy of the Cosmos.
• Unloved things. Duties, a sense of duty, responsibility - this is an integral part of adult life, which absorbs a lot of energy. If a person does not have an outlet, a favorite pastime that brings real pleasure. he loses the ability to draw vitality in himself even in difficult moments.

What gives energy to a person in life?

Having your own mission

It is very important to have a global goal for which the individual is on the planet. If a person knows his role in life, he understands why he needs energy and activates all internal reserves in himself. Such a person has a high vitality, constant activity in the body and fresh ideas in the head.

Own dreams always nourish the individual and develop him, but other people's tasks can only deplete reserves. The main thing, of course, is not to get hung up on your goal and not go head over heels for it, but simply always remember it and try to realize it as much as possible, to contribute to society.

Thoughts about innermost desires fill a person with joy, and when there is no mission, motivation is also absent, and a person cannot discover anything but apathy and sadness in everyday life.

The global goal of life is a great tool for adjusting energy and directing it in the right way.

Absolute love

Where does the energy come from in a person who is in love with life and the world? The highest and brightest feeling on the planet nourishes all the reserves of the individual and fills every day with joy and happiness. A harmonious individual must love not only other people, but also himself in order to maintain energy potential even in difficult periods. At the same time, you don’t need to be selfish, it’s enough just to free your heart from negativity, and love will appear by itself.

True love is unconditional, it is an unlimited source of energy, because it transforms the environment and the soul itself. Therefore, people who, for example, do charity work, are always full of energy and enthusiasm.

positive views

To get extra energy, you need to notice the good moments in life. It is always worth focusing in any matter on the pros, because they exude positive vibrations. If you get stuck on the minuses, the negative will only take strength, it does not have a high energy return.

Joyful thoughts always cause a desire to act, so you need to take care of the state of the soul and mind, keep there more light, and not pessimistic or dirty. Try to laugh more often, because it clears all human bioenergy channels from traffic jams and fills the body with pleasant vibrations. This source of energy is well supported by the individual's favorite hobbies.

You can dance, travel, read smart books, listen to good music, watch a good movie or paint. But the discussion of politics, the yellow press, films about violence and loud aggressive music only destroy the natural human biofield, make it smaller and thinner. Remember to keep a sense of faith throughout your life.

Be confident in yourself, your strengths and in the good care of the world for you. Also, try to thank the Creator as often as possible for every day spent on Earth.

Quality communication

Any conversation should be useful and energetically saturated. Contact with a positive person always pushes for creativity, the dynamics of life and improves mood. Energy after such communication becomes twice as much. Conversely, a vampire can drain the life force with negativity, leaving the person feeling empty and unsettled.

It is necessary to avoid communication with those who annoy you, who pump out energy and simply take time. Try to minimize friendships with those who constantly whine and complain, but at the same time concentrate not on the shortcomings, but on the pluses of the person. Remember that for a person, the ways to receive energy are the people around him.

You should also avoid conflicts and quarrels, sorting things out, or begin to adapt to society, abandoning the previously chosen path. Sometimes you need to say “Yes” to people less often and say “Thank you” much more often.

Self improvement

In the course of his life, a person must develop. Only by building up new opportunities and fresh discoveries can you increase your energy and maintain a joyful outlook on the world.

Personality degradation is a very dangerous phenomenon that leads to complete energy stagnation or exhaustion.

At the same time, we are talking not only about the intellectual or spiritual fulfillment of life, but also about the physical. You can do, for example, meditation or breathing practices that teach the individual to remain calm and accumulate energy in himself, and not squander it into the external environment.

As usual mind training, you can use crossword puzzles or making plans for the next day.

Environment

The importance of nature for the energy of personality has already been indicated above. But where can a person get energy in the city? Here, of course, the environmental friendliness of the world plays an important role, but part of the necessary reserve can be obtained even without leaving home.

First, solar energy is of great importance for individuals. We consume it through food, but this is not enough, so you should try to let the light into the room where the person stays for a long time as much as possible. The sun adds beauty and well-being, it acts as a boundless generator of joy and warmth.

Secondly, the air plays an equally important role, so you need to ventilate regularly both at home and in work offices. And you can also receive an additional influx of energy from the earth. It is very useful, for example, to periodically walk barefoot and restore contact with the origins of humanity.

Feeling clean

First you need to maximize the comfort of the space. In order not to interfere with the movement of energy in life, a person must get rid of unnecessary things and rubbish, which takes away his strength and time. Then you need to pay attention to cleansing the body. Various methods cope with this, for example, yoga or taking special herbal decoctions.

The body needs to get rid of wastes and toxins, otherwise all bioenergy flows will begin to collide with huge blocks in the body. You should also cleanse the soul of negative energy. This can be done with the help of useful crystals that increase vitality. Jade, carnelian or jasper can become a talisman.

Finally, a mental cleansing effect can also be obtained through relaxation techniques. In particular, aromatherapy with essential oils not only improves the aura, but also adds energy to the body. To do this, you need to use pomace of citrus fruits, cinnamon, pine, bergamot, eucalyptus, etc.

Where does a person's energy come from? The answer to this question is always individual, if we turn not to the characteristics of the body, but to the secrets of the soul. It is best to listen to your inner voice and do things that bring positive emotions, as they are a sure sign of the necessary vitality. Just do not forget that even a constant influx of energy does not exclude the possibility of its leakage.

What makes a person move? What is energy exchange? Where does the body's energy come from? How long will it last? At what physical load, what energy is consumed? There are many questions, as you can see. But most of all they appear when you start to study this topic. I will try to make life easier for the most curious and save time. Go…

Energy metabolism - a set of reactions of splitting organic substances, accompanied by the release of energy.

To provide movement (actin and myosin filaments in the muscle), the muscle requires Adenosine TriPhosphate (ATP). When chemical bonds between phosphates are broken, energy is released, which is used by the cell. In this case, ATP goes into a state with a lower energy in Adenosine DiPhosphate (ADP) and inorganic Phosphorus (P)

If the muscle does work, then ATP is constantly split into ADP and inorganic phosphorus, while releasing Energy (about 40-60 kJ / mol). For long-term work, it is necessary to restore ATP at the rate at which this substance is used by the cell.

The energy sources used for short-term, short-term and long-term work are different. Energy can be generated both anaerobically (oxygen-free) and aerobically (oxidatively). What qualities does an athlete develop when training in the aerobic or anaerobic zone, I wrote in the article ““.

There are three energy systems that ensure the physical work of a person:

1. Alactate or phosphagenic (anaerobic). It is associated with the processes of ATP resynthesis mainly due to the high-energy phosphate compound - Creatine Phosphate (CrP).
2. Glycolytic (anaerobic). Provides resynthesis of ATP and CRF due to the reactions of anaerobic breakdown of glycogen and / or glucose to lactic acid (lactate).
3. Aerobic (oxidative). The ability to perform work due to the oxidation of carbohydrates, fats, proteins while increasing the delivery and utilization of oxygen in working muscles.

Sources of energy for short-term work.

Quickly available energy to the muscle is provided by the ATP molecule (Adenosine TriPhosphate). This energy is enough for 1-3 seconds. This source is used for instant work, maximum effort.

ATP + H2O ⇒ ADP + F + Energy

In the body, ATP is one of the most frequently updated substances; Thus, in humans, the lifespan of one ATP molecule is less than 1 minute. During the day, one ATP molecule goes through an average of 2000-3000 resynthesis cycles (the human body synthesizes about 40 kg of ATP per day, but contains approximately 250 g at any given moment), that is, there is practically no ATP reserve in the body, and for normal life it is necessary to constantly synthesize new ATP molecules.

It is replenished with ATP due to CRP (Creatine Phosphate), this is the second phosphate molecule, which has a high energy in the muscle. CrF donates the Phosphate molecule to the ADP molecule for the formation of ATP, thus providing the muscle with the ability to work for a certain time.

It looks like this:

ADP+ CrF ⇒ ATP + Cr

The stock of KrF lasts up to 9 sec. work. In this case, the peak power falls on 5-6 seconds. Professional sprinters try to increase this tank (CrF reserve) even more by training up to 15 seconds.

Both in the first case and in the second, the process of ATP formation occurs in an anaerobic mode, without the participation of oxygen. ATP resynthesis due to CRF is carried out almost instantly. This system has the greatest power in comparison with glycolytic and aerobic and provides work of an "explosive" nature with maximum muscle contractions in terms of strength and speed. This is how energy metabolism looks like during short-term work, in other words, this is how the alactic energy supply system of the body works.

Sources of energy for short periods of work.

Where does the energy for the body come from during short work? In this case, the source is an animal carbohydrate, which is found in the muscles and human liver - glycogen. The process by which glycogen promotes ATP resynthesis and energy release is called Anaerobic glycolysis(Glycolytic energy supply system).

glycolysis- This is the process of glucose oxidation, in which two molecules of pyruvic acid (Pyruvate) are formed from one molecule of glucose. Further metabolism of pyruvic acid is possible in two ways - aerobic and anaerobic.

During aerobic work pyruvic acid (Pyruvate) is involved in metabolism and many biochemical reactions in the body. It is converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, which is involved in the Krebs cycle providing respiration in the cell. In eukaryotes (cells of living organisms that contain a nucleus, that is, in human and animal cells), the Krebs cycle takes place inside the mitochondria (MX, this is the energy station of the cell).

Krebs cycle(tricarboxylic acid cycle) - a key step in the respiration of all cells using oxygen, it is the center of the intersection of many metabolic pathways in the body. In addition to the energy role, the Krebs cycle has a significant plastic function. By participating in biochemical processes, it helps to synthesize such important cell compounds as amino acids, carbohydrates, fatty acids, etc.

If oxygen is not enough, that is, the work is carried out in an anaerobic mode, then pyruvic acid in the body undergoes anaerobic cleavage with the formation of lactic acid (lactate)

The glycolytic anaerobic system is characterized by high power. This process begins almost from the very beginning of work and reaches power in 15-20 seconds. work of maximum intensity, and this power cannot be maintained for more than 3 - 6 minutes. For beginners, just starting to play sports, the power is hardly enough for 1 minute.

Energy substrates for providing muscles with energy are carbohydrates - glycogen and glucose. The total supply of glycogen in the human body for 1-1.5 hours of work.

As mentioned above, as a result of the high power and duration of glycolytic anaerobic work, a significant amount of lactate (lactic acid) is formed in the muscles.

Glycogen ⇒ ATP + Lactic acid

Lactate from the muscles penetrates into the blood and binds to the buffer systems of the blood to preserve the internal environment of the body. If the level of lactate in the blood rises, then the buffer systems at some point may not be able to cope, which will cause a shift in the acid-base balance to the acid side. With acidification, the blood becomes thick and the cells of the body cannot receive the necessary oxygen and nutrition. As a result, this causes the inhibition of key enzymes of anaerobic glycolysis, up to the complete inhibition of their activity. The rate of glycolysis itself, the alactic anaerobic process, and the power of work decrease.

The duration of work in anaerobic mode depends on the level of lactate concentration in the blood and the degree of resistance of muscles and blood to acid shifts.

The buffering capacity of the blood is the ability of the blood to neutralize lactate. The more trained a person is, the more buffer capacity he has.

Energy sources for continuous operation.

The sources of energy for the human body during prolonged aerobic work, necessary for the formation of ATP, are muscle glycogen, blood glucose, fatty acids, intramuscular fat. This process is triggered by prolonged aerobic work. For example, fat burning (fat oxidation) in novice runners begins after 40 minutes of running in the 2nd heart rate zone (ZZ). In athletes, the oxidation process starts already at 15-20 minutes of running. Fat in the human body is enough for 10-12 hours of continuous aerobic work.

When exposed to oxygen, the molecules of glycogen, glucose, fat are broken down, synthesizing ATP with the release of carbon dioxide and water. Most reactions occur in the mitochondria of the cell.

Glycogen + Oxygen ⇒ ATP + Carbon Dioxide + Water

The formation of ATP using this mechanism is slower than with the help of energy sources used in short-term and short-term work. It takes 2 to 4 minutes before the cell's need for ATP is completely satisfied by the aerobic process discussed. This delay is because it takes time for the heart to begin increasing its supply of oxygen-rich blood to the muscles at the rate necessary to meet the muscle's ATP needs.

Fat + Oxygen ⇒ ATP + Carbon Dioxide + Water

The body's fat oxidation factory is the most energy intensive. Since the oxidation of carbohydrates, 38 ATP molecules are produced from 1 molecule of glucose. And with the oxidation of 1 molecule of fat - 130 molecules of ATP. But it happens much more slowly. In addition, the production of ATP through fat oxidation requires more oxygen than carbohydrate oxidation. Another feature of the oxidative, aerobic factory is that it gains momentum gradually, as oxygen delivery increases and the concentration of fatty acids released from adipose tissue in the blood increases.

You can find more useful information and articles.

If we imagine all energy-producing systems (energy metabolism) in the body in the form of fuel tanks, then they will look like this:

1. The smallest tank is Creatine Phosphate (it's like 98 gasoline). It is, as it were, closer to the muscle and starts to work quickly. This "gasoline" is enough for 9 seconds. work.
2. Medium tank - Glycogen (92 gasoline). This tank is located a little further in the body and the fuel from it comes from 15-30 seconds of physical work. This fuel is enough for 1-1.5 hours of work.
3. Large tank - Fat (diesel fuel). This tank is far away and it will take 3-6 minutes before the fuel begins to flow from it. Stock of fat in the human body for 10-12 hours of intensive, aerobic work.

I did not come up with all this myself, but took extracts from books, literature, Internet resources and tried to convey it concisely to you. If you have any questions - write.

The life of a modern person is organized in such a way that its infrastructure support involves many components with different technical and functional properties. These include electricity. An ordinary consumer does not see and does not feel exactly how it performs its tasks, but the end result is quite noticeable in the work of household appliances, and not only. At the same time, questions regarding where electricity comes from remain unsolved in the minds of many users of the same household appliances. To expand knowledge in this area, it is worth starting with the concept of electricity as such.

What is electricity?

The complexity of this concept is quite understandable, since energy cannot be described as an ordinary object or phenomenon accessible to visual perception. At the same time, there are two approaches to answering the question of what electricity is. The definition of scientists says that electricity is a stream of charged particles, which is characterized by directional movement. As a rule, particles are understood as electrons.

In the energy industry itself, electricity is more often considered as a product generated by substations. From this point of view, the elements that are directly involved in the process of formation and transmission of current are also important. That is, in this case, we consider an energy field created around a conductor or other charged body. To bring this understanding of energy closer to real observation, one must deal with the following question: where does electricity come from? There are different technical means for the production of current, and all of them are subordinated to one task - the supply of end consumers. However, before the moment when users can provide their devices with energy, it must go through several stages.

Electricity generation

To date, about 10 types of stations are used in the energy sector, which provide electricity generation. This is a process, as a result of which a certain type of energy is converted into a current charge. In other words, electricity is generated during the processing of other energy. In particular, at specialized substations they use thermal, wind, tidal, geothermal and others as the main working resource. Answering the question of where electricity comes from, it is worth noting the infrastructure that each substation is provided with. Any power generator is provided with a complex system of functional nodes and networks that allow you to accumulate the generated energy and prepare it for further transmission to distribution nodes.

Traditional power plants

Although in recent years, trends in the energy sector have been changing rapidly, it is possible to single out the main ones working according to classical principles. First of all, these are thermal generation facilities. The development of the resource is carried out as a result of combustion and subsequent transformation of the allocated. At the same time, there are different types of such stations, including heating and condensing. The main difference between them is the ability of objects of the second type to also generate heat flows. That is, when answering the question of where electricity comes from, one can also note stations that simultaneously produce other types of energy. In addition to thermal production facilities, hydro and nuclear power stations are quite common. In the first case, it is assumed from the movement of water, and in the second - as a result of the fission of atoms in special reactors.

Alternative energy sources

This category of energy sources usually includes solar rays, wind, subsoil, etc. Especially common are various generators focused on the accumulation and conversion of solar energy into electricity. Such installations are attractive in that they can be used by any consumer in the volumes required to supply his home. However, the high cost of equipment, as well as nuances in operation, due to the dependence of working photocells on

At the level of large energy companies, wind alternative sources of electricity are actively developing. Already today, a number of countries are using programs for the gradual transition to this type of energy supply. However, there are some obstacles in this direction, due to the low power of generators at a high cost. A relatively new alternative energy source is the natural heat of the Earth. In this case, the stations convert the thermal energy received from the depths of underground channels.

Electricity distribution

After the generation of electricity, the stage of its transmission and distribution begins, which is provided by energy sales companies. Resource providers organize the appropriate infrastructure, which is based on electrical networks. There are two types of channels through which electricity is transmitted - overhead and underground cable lines. These networks are the ultimate source and the main answer to the question of where electricity comes from for various needs of users. Supplier organizations are laying special routes for the distribution of electricity, using different types of cables.

Consumers of electricity

Electricity is required for a wide variety of tasks in both domestic and industrial sectors. A classic example of the use of this energy carrier is lighting. Today, however, electricity in the home serves to power a wider range of appliances and equipment. And this is only a small part of society's needs for energy supply.

This resource is also required to maintain the operation of the transport infrastructure: to maintain the lines of trolleybuses, trams and metro, etc. Separately, it is worth noting industrial enterprises. Factories, combines and processing complexes often require the connection of huge capacities. We can say that these are the largest consumers of electricity, using this resource to ensure the operation of technological equipment and local infrastructure.

Electricity facilities management

In addition to the organization of the electric grid economy, which technically provides the possibility of transmission and distribution of energy for end consumers, the operation of this complex is impossible without control systems. To implement these tasks, suppliers use operational dispatch centers, whose employees implement centralized control and management of the work of the electric power facilities entrusted to them. In particular, such services control the parameters of networks to which consumers of electricity are connected at different levels. Separately, it is worth noting the departments that perform network maintenance, preventing wear and tear and repairing damage in certain sections of the lines.

Conclusion

Over the entire period of its existence, the energy industry has undergone several stages of its development. Recently, there have been new changes due to the active development of alternative energy sources. The successful development of these areas already today makes it possible to use electricity in the house, received from individual household generators, regardless of the central networks. However, there are certain difficulties in these sectors. First of all, they are associated with financial costs for the purchase and installation of appropriate equipment - the same solar panels with batteries. But since the energy generated from alternative sources is completely free, the prospects for further advancement of these areas remain relevant for different categories of consumers.