Every year Russia becomes more and more attractive for doing business. In the World Bank Doing Business ranking, the country ranks 35th among states that create a favorable climate for the launch and development of projects. In turn, Moscow ranked second in the national ranking in terms of investment attractiveness and fifth among European cities according to the international publication Financial Times.

Both targeted government funding programs and small business assistance programs make a significant contribution to the development of the investment environment. In this material we will tell you step by step what kind of support Moscow offers entrepreneurs today for opening, running and developing their business:

Step 1. Registration. Consultations. Education. Choose one of 15 Business Service Centers (BSC), which are located in all districts of the capital and operate on the basis of the State Budgetary Institution Small Business of Moscow. All services there are provided free of charge. TsUB specialists will help prepare documents for registration as an individual entrepreneur (IP) or in the form of a company with limited liability(OOO). In 2017 alone, consulting support was provided to more than 80 thousand people. Aspiring entrepreneurs will be offered training at the MBM Startup School. You can also learn the basics of starting and developing your own business from successful entrepreneurs and professional business coaches online - at the MBM Online Academy. There are two training programs available at the Academy - Start and Progress. The content of the training program is based on best business practices and cases that are relevant in business.

The Central Management Bureau will also advise entrepreneurs on various issues of doing business: labor and civil legislation, accounting. Here they can prepare an application for the transition of an enterprise to a simplified or patent tax system.

Step 2. Choose premises for doing business. The center staff will help you get acquainted with various options and will talk about renting on preferential terms non-residential areas owned by the city of Moscow. Today, the initial preferential rental rate for such premises is 4.5 thousand rubles per sq. m. m per year and 1 thousand rubles per 1 sq. m per year for premises located in the basement. The Central Management Office will help you with information about the availability of vacant premises in city technology parks. There are more than 30 technology parks with various industry specializations in the capital. In addition, if at the beginning of your business journey you do not need large areas, you can get workplace in one of the six co-working centers of the State Budgetary Institution “Small Business of Moscow”.

Step 3. Decide on financing. TsUB specialists will advise on sources of obtaining business financing at different stages of its development, invite entrepreneurs to attend special educational programs and events where representatives speak financial structures. The city currently provides the following types of financial support; all details on them will be provided to the Central Management Bureau:

• Subsidy programs, among them subsidies for compensation interest rate for loans and leasing payments, for compensation of costs for the purchase of equipment, as well as for participation in congress and exhibition events, and others. If your organization meets the conditions and requirements for grants, they will help you prepare a set of documents and fill out an application.
• Warranty support program in the Capital Small Business Lending Fund. The fund will help you attract a loan successfully operating companies, if they do not have enough of their own collateral (collateral) for creditors. You can submit an application to the Fund or through the Central Educational Institution. An entrepreneur can independently contact any of the fund’s partner lenders, including 70 banks and 6 leasing companies. The Fund's guarantees cover up to 70% of the loan. Thus, in the first five months of 2018 alone, thanks to this program, entrepreneurs received financing totaling more than 9 billion rubles. It is important to understand that without government support, the lenders would have refused the vast majority of these borrowers.
• Preferential long-term investment loans in the amount of 5 to 100 million rubles, for a period of up to 5 years, the Moscow Fund for the Support of Industry and Entrepreneurship offers companies working in the field of production, scientific research or software development at a rate of 5% per annum, and for residents of technology parks and industrial complexes in Moscow at a rate 2% per annum.
• Financing for startups in the scientific and technical field offered by the capital's Venture Investment Development Fund. The fund provides preferential loans to innovative projects that are at the earliest stages of development and registered in Moscow. To do this, the project initiator must attract funds from a private investor, and then apply for additional funding from the Fund. Today, 57 private investors work with the organization. The co-investor must invest from 50% to 200% depending on the size of the Fund’s loan itself, which can range from 0.5 to 36 million rubles, respectively. The loan term is from 3 to 6 years with a repayment deferment of up to 2 years.

Step 4. Entering the government order market. Moscow pays significant attention to protecting the interests of small and medium-sized businesses when placing government orders: 90% of purchases are carried out electronically. The Moscow government created a showcase of city orders, where 91 thousand suppliers are registered, of which 70% are SME companies, 15 million contracts worth 80 billion rubles were concluded. On the portal you can use the subscription service for purchases of a certain category. Participants in government orders can also receive microloans and guarantee support from the funds already mentioned above.

Step 5. Enter foreign markets. When production in the capital is established, you can safely think about this. The Moscow Export Center will advise on all issues of the export cycle, train in foreign economic activity at the Moscow Exporter School, help with promotion on the international electronic marketplace Alibaba.com, as well as with international exhibition activities. In the latter case, the center can finance 100% of the costs of participation in the exhibition. One of the important tools for promoting Moscow manufacturers is a unified export catalog, which contains over 1.5 thousand product items from more than 500 metropolitan manufacturers. The Industrial and Guarantee Funds will also help with financing for export activities.

Step 6. If you encounter administrative barriers when doing business in Moscow, then in this case the city will help protect your legal rights and interests, it will come to the rescue, where the hotline operates +7 495 620-20-45 SOS.SHTAB@site

Entrepreneurs can additionally receive information about these and other areas of support at special financial conferences held by the State Budgetary Institution “Small Business of Moscow” in the series “Finance for Growing Businesses” and #MoscowforBusiness, for which you can register on the portal mbm.ru

The state daily declares its patronizing attitude towards small businesses. Not to large, not to medium, but precisely to small. Dozens of direct and indirect assistance programs are being approved, billions of rubles are being allocated to open small enterprises, tax holidays are in place - but what are the reasons for such concern? Why does every novice businessman already know how to get a subsidy from the state for business? Are there any factors influencing such a policy in relation to business entities?

The reasons are obvious: the first of them is ensuring employment of the population, a kind of fight against unemployment, the official level of which in 2016 is 5.8%. In fact, the figure is much higher: a significant part of the population is not registered, while others are trying to survive by receiving minimum wages. The ideal may be to achieve a natural unemployment rate of 4%, at which everyone who wants to work finds a job, and free subsidies to small businesses may well serve as one of the available methods.

The second reason is related to the first - the influence of small businesses on the state of the economy. Each entrepreneur creates several new jobs and several new taxpayers, produces products and contributes his small share to GDP. Therefore, subsidies for small businesses in 2019 can be considered a kind of investment - a newly created business entity will, one way or another, return the money to the budget. For comparison: in 2016, about eleven billion rubles were allocated, and the amount returned in the form of taxes for the first quarter of the year was already seventy-seven.

The consequence of this policy is that a new entrepreneur can receive at least three types of direct financial assistance without much difficulty:

• Compensation for business registration costs up to 20 thousand rubles;
• Subsidy for starting a business in 2019 in the amount of 60 thousand rubles;
• Financial assistance for the development of an operating business up to 300 thousand rubles.

Help in starting a business

Financial is determined in the amount of unemployment benefits for 12 months - 60 thousand rubles excluding taxes. Of course, this is not such a large amount - but what kind of entrepreneur starts a business with millions in his pocket? Receiving a subsidy for starting a small business in 2019 is accompanied by loss of time and paperwork, and therefore everyone must determine the degree of importance of this assistance independently.

First steps

Since this type of subsidy is intended as a measure to combat unemployment, it is necessary to start from the employment center. Registering is not difficult, but you will have to show some creativity in communicating with employers.

In accordance with the law, certain categories of the population cannot receive unemployed status, that is, a subsidy from the employment center for opening a small business in 2019, respectively:

• Minors who are under sixteen years of age;
• Pensioners receiving old-age benefits;
• Citizens under investigation or in custody;
• Full-time students;
• Women on maternity leave;
• Citizens receiving benefits for health reasons (disabled);
• Co-owners of LLCs and other commercial companies.

To register at the employment center, you need to provide the required set of documents: passport, diploma, work book, INN – full list usually indicated on information boards or can be obtained from the administrator. Of course, the Employment Center is not interested in you joining the ranks of the unemployed, and therefore you will first be offered several applications from employers in accordance with your specialty.

The most important thing here: you cannot refuse. You will have to visit employers and undergo interviews, but you need to present yourself in such a way that they will reject your candidacy as not meeting the requirements of the vacancy. If you refuse, the next time the CZN will be ready to accept you only after 10 days - and will again offer several applications. Having successfully completed this stage, you will become officially unemployed.

Preparing a business plan

A realistic business plan for receiving subsidies from the state is detailed diagram work of your future enterprise, with preference given to social, production or innovation projects. The more economic calculations and initial data, the better, but you definitely need to indicate the following:

1. Line of business, field of activity;
2. Target audience, its purchasing power;
3. Initial and ongoing costs for the purchase of fixed assets, rent, taxes, wages, advertising, repayment of possible loans and payments under leasing agreements;
4. Investment plans, own and borrowed funds, expected subsidies for business from the state;
5. Profit forecasts, profitability calculations and business breakeven points;
6. The number of planned new jobs, taking into account workers attracted from the central labor center;
7. Proposed suppliers of raw materials and methods of marketing finished products;
8. Description of technologies used in production, their environmental safety;
9. A business development strategy that is understandable even to officials for at least a year.

The commission evaluating the project is guided by both the thoroughness of planning and the personality of the applicant. A person who is confident and understands what he is talking about has a higher chance of receiving a subsidy from the state. It is desirable that the project be socially important and socially useful: a pharmacy with low prices in a remote village has a better chance of winning than another boutique with fashionable clothes.

Only after approval of the business plan can you enter into an agreement with the central purchase price center, then register entity and apply for small business grants. At the same time, collect documents confirming registration costs and receive appropriate compensation in the amount of up to 20,000 rubles.

Refusals to receive subsidies

Before choosing a future field of activity, you should consider that the action government programs assistance does not apply to some areas of entrepreneurship. None of all possible subsidies for starting a small business in 2019, its development or compensation of expenses can be assigned to an enterprise for which the main source of income is:

• Production and sale of goods subject to excise duty;
• Credit, insurance activities and operations with collateral;
• Gambling business;
• Mining.

In addition, projects that are technically illiterate, socially useless and insufficiently developed, in which there are too many intuitive assumptions not supported by data, have very little chance of approval.

Subtleties of the process

The subsidy received as a result of these actions for starting a business in 2019 is completely free of charge, subject to two conditions:

1. The subsidized business must exist for at least a year;
2. The targeted expenditure of funds must occur within three months in accordance with the approved article of the business plan, of which documentary evidence must be provided to the employment center.

If any of these points are not met, the money will have to be returned in full, regardless of what part of it has already been spent and for what purpose.

As for the maximum size of the subsidy for starting a business, it is 60 thousand rubles without deduction of taxes for each employee employed in this project who is registered with the Central Employment Center. By hiring one additional officially unemployed person, you get another 60 thousand; by hiring two, you get 120 thousand. Of course, those employed in this way must work in the project for at least a year.

Assistance in business development

Application for a subsidy

The requirements for the set of documents on the basis of which the commission makes a decision may have slight differences depending on the region and the policies of local authorities, but the required minimum is as follows:

• An application containing a general description of the project, justification for its social importance, tasks to be solved, methods and strategies for achieving the goal, stages of implementation, volumes of own and attracted funding, expected results;
• A copy of the SPD registration certificate, statutory documents;
• Detailed business plan;
• Orders on the appointment of a director, chief accountant.

The following documents are used as attachments confirming your ability to implement such a project:

• Copies of lease agreements for premises for the implementation of the project;
• Copies of contracts with suppliers and buyers;
• Copies of necessary licenses, patents, expert opinions and permits from regulatory authorities;
• Certificate of absence of debts on taxes and budget payments;
• Financial statements, bank statement of accounts.

After reviewing the documentation, the commission can form an opinion about what your business is, what resources are available to you, how active it is, and how much help you need. Before receiving a subsidy for small business development in 2019, you must confirm the investment of your own funds, since assistance is provided through co-financing: 30–50% of the required amount is contributed by the state, and the rest by the entrepreneur himself.

Project protection

The competition commission includes not only officials who are far from business, but also entrepreneurs and banking specialists will make decisions on the allocation of financial assistance. Before you take out a subsidy for the development of a small business, you will have to pass a kind of exam to defend a business plan, show your knowledge of the basics of the economy, market trends and the needs of society.

The likelihood of receiving funding increases if:

1. The project creates several new jobs and allows for an increase in wages for already employed specialists;
2. The project is related to production, social, youth or innovation activities;
3. The seriousness of intentions is confirmed by personal investments, long-term lease agreements, contracts with business partners and the city administration;
4. The management of the enterprise has significant experience in this field;
5. The project is profitable for the budget and provides a fairly quick return on investment in the form of taxes.

Purpose of the subsidy

The subsidy received for the development of small businesses in 2019 must be spent in strict accordance with the article of the business plan approved by the commission. The intended purpose of these funds may be:

• Purchase of fixed assets, equipment, tools and technological lines;
• Purchase of raw materials, semi-finished products and materials for production;
• Search and rental of production premises.

Financial assistance must be used within a year. The balance of government money after the expiration of the period is subject to return. If you allow funds to be spent inappropriately, do not submit supporting documents, or miss deadlines for submitting reports, then you will have to return the full amount.

Video: How small businesses can receive free financial assistance from the state

15May

Hello! In this article we will talk about ways of government financing of small and medium-sized businesses in Russia.

Today you will learn:

1. How does the state help entrepreneurs?
2. How much money can you get to support your business?
3. How to properly introduce yourself to receive a grant.

The importance of small and medium enterprises

A large number of small private firms within the country bring great benefit for economic development.

Types of subsidies

The government has identified several programs to support small businesses:

• – the amount of money allocated for newcomers;
• Assistance in repaying business loans - compensation of part of the interest in the amount of the refinancing rate. For example, you took out a loan at 19% per annum. The rate of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation is 9.75%. In total, the state will pay 9.75% for you, and you will have to repay the loan at: 19 – 9.75 = 9.25%;
• Payment. The first installment is paid up to 30%, but not more than 1,000,000 rubles;
• Compensation for all or partial costs of training the organization’s personnel. This includes all kinds of;
• Assistance to people who decide to start farming;
• Searching for partners to conclude transactions with foreign representatives. The state encourages the export of production in this way;
• Development of business infrastructure. The state allocates equipment, materials, etc. to fill business development centers;
• Remote accounting (outsourcing).

The list is quite wide, which means that every interested company owner will be able to choose for himself the most optimal way to receive funds from the budget. To do this, you need to decide in advance what exactly you don’t have enough money for.

How much will the state pay?

Issue amounts may vary in each region. This information needs to be clarified. Nevertheless, the state tries to increase the cost of financing small and medium-sized businesses every year.

The following amounts of payments can be received:

• 58,800 rubles – for opening a small business (this amount is issued by the employment center as an annual unemployment benefit);
• up to 500,000 rubles – a grant for the development of a new enterprise registered less than a year ago;
• up to 1,000,000 rubles – for opening and development (as a loan amount at a preferential interest rate).
• up to 2,500,000 rubles – for promotion of innovations (obtaining a patent, etc.);
• up to 10,000,000 rubles – for;
• up to 15,000,000 rubles (but not more than the amount spent by the owner on the development of the company) - to increase the enterprise (to receive such large sum must meet all criteria put forward by the state).

It is important to consider that in many cases, in order to receive a grant, the future entrepreneur must officially be on the employment exchange, confirming the absence of a job. Money will only be allocated if the support fund is unable to find you a suitable vacancy.

Also, in order to receive a grant, you must have at least 25% of the requested amount. The state must have guarantees that you want to open a business and not spend money on personal needs.

The money is transferred to the applicant’s account within six months, and in some cases even a year. As they are spent, the entrepreneur must report for what purposes the funds were spent. If the cost items do not coincide with those originally indicated, then you will have to answer in court. Unused amounts will need to be returned.

Don't forget about paying taxes. The grant received will have to be paid at a rate of 13%.

What is funded by grants

The state tries to support those areas of life that benefit the entire country and contribute to the growth of economic interest of the population.

Among them are those for which grants are allocated in the first place:

• Trade (however, this area is already oversaturated and it will be possible to receive a grant for its development in a small percentage of cases).

The areas in which entrepreneurs intend to operate are also of particular importance.

The state is more loyal to the allocation of grants for development:

• Medicine;
• Construction;
• Tourism;
• Innovative business;
• Education;
• Catering;
• Natural Sciences.

If you are interested in receiving a grant, it is better to organize your activities in the above areas. to receive a subsidy will help you avoid a negative decision on your application.

What exactly can the grant money be spent on?

Government agencies strictly control expenditure transactions on the account to which the amount was transferred as support for small and medium-sized businesses.

An entrepreneur must spend strictly in accordance with the business plan drawn up; other purposes are not allowed. Using money for other purposes is not allowed, otherwise such a businessman will be held accountable.

The following expense items may be reflected in the entrepreneur’s account:

• Purchase necessary equipment (important condition that this acquisition cannot be resold earlier three years use);
• , (up to 20% of the total amount grant);
• Purchasing a patent, license or special program;
• Purchase of means of production - materials, raw materials (no more than 20% of the grant);
• Equipment of workplaces.

After spending, you will need to report on them. Therefore, it is important to keep all checks, receipts, invoices and other supporting documents. If you cannot provide them, then you will not be able to justify the expenses, and this is already fraught with difficulties associated with inappropriate spending and the return of the grant.

Who will be approved for financial support?

To receive a subsidy for a small business from the budget, it is not enough to just have ambitions and a great desire; you also need to meet a number of requirements.

The established enterprise must:

• Be registered less than 1 year ago;
• Stand firmly on your feet (not in danger or).

If a not yet registered entrepreneur plans to receive government support, then he must meet the following criteria:

• Age from 18 to 30 years (upper limit is desirable);
• Employment on the employment exchange;
• Passing a psychology test with a high score;
• Availability of a ready-made high-quality business plan;
• Have an amount of at least 25% of the grant provided.

The state wants to see among entrepreneurs young people who have recently discovered business and have high goals. Without the above characteristics, it will be impossible to receive business support.

Another important, but not fundamental condition is the lack of receipt of a grant in the past. The country wants to see new heroes, and therefore considers for funding purposes only newly minted businessmen who are just beginning to master the basics of entrepreneurship.

Opportunities for socially disadvantaged groups

Any member of society can receive support from the state for the development of their enterprise. The authorities also give socially vulnerable citizens the opportunity to prove themselves, who can count on an increased rate.

Such persons include:

• Single parents raising minor children;
• People from orphanages;
• Former prisoners;
• Former military;
• Large families;
• Families including a disabled person.

The easiest way for any person to get 58,800 rubles is to go to the labor exchange and provide a business plan. If it is approved, then you can invest your own knowledge and experience in the development of entrepreneurship.

The state also encourages the opening of new companies in the field of folk crafts, children's educational institutions or leisure centers for children and adults as social projects.

Business plan for receiving a subsidy

An important rule for participating in a competition for financial assistance is drawing up a business plan. This is a document that carefully sorts out your entire business “piece by piece.” Various indicators, calculations and project effectiveness are displayed here.

Main components of the plan:

• The essence of the business being created;
• Required investments;
• What is produced or what services are provided;
• Organization of the process;
• Risk calculation.

It is also important to indicate in the draft the characteristics in which the state is interested:

• Number of workplaces;
• Expected profitability (in terms of tax deductions);
• Own funds of the entrepreneur.

A special commission studies your business plan within 60 days. It must contain clear wording. It should clearly follow from it the purposes for which production is created and what benefits it brings to society.

You must interest the authorities to pay the grant to you. A business plan can help with this if it is drawn up competently and competently. If you have never dealt with the preparation of such documents before, it is better to undergo special training and draw up a business plan at a high level.

Where to go for help

To become a participant in the state program for issuing money, you do not need to go somewhere or visit the capital. It is enough to contact the authorities.

You can visit:

• Employment Center;
• Local administration;
• Department of Entrepreneurship (a kind of support agency).

You can go to these representative offices at any stage of participation. Before or here they will tell you everything about the rules of the project, its participants, and the requirements for them. You will know the amounts you can count on.

As part of government programs, aspiring entrepreneurs are also trained in the basics of business. You will master the basics of economics, learn how to write a business plan and meet future leaders just like you.

Here you can find out everything about government support: its conditions, development by region and what chances you personally have to receive a grant. Communication with experienced businessmen provides an opportunity to gain some important theoretical knowledge.

All information is provided in the public domain: anyone can take training, attend seminars and get answers to their questions. The state is trying to make this process as convenient as possible for future entrepreneurs.

The importance of the Federal Portal

To familiarize yourself with subsidies for starting a business, a website called “Federal Portal of Small and Medium Enterprises” has been created. Any individual entrepreneur, legal entity or just an individual can come here.

The site includes information for each region. You can study statistics on the number of enterprises by different periods or view government support payments.

Also displayed here:

• Number of enterprises that received grants;
• Regulatory regulatory framework;
• Regional news;
• Measures of legal support provided and their availability by region;
• A question-and-answer form in which you can find out something for yourself;
• Calculator (if purchasing a patent).

How to apply for a subsidy

To apply for government support, you will need:

• Take a three-day course for entrepreneurs (if necessary. Here they will talk about the features of drawing up a business plan. The course lasts several days, upon completion of which you will be issued a certificate confirming your readiness to receive a grant);
• Draw up a competent plan for precisely the area of ​​life for which a business subsidy is issued;
• Collect all documents and take them to the local administration or business support center. Write an application as a project participant;
• Waiting for the commission's decision to approve your project (within 60 days from the date of adoption of the business plan);
• Upon approval of your application, open a legal entity or individual entrepreneur (if you are not yet registered in this status);
• Open a bank account (here the entrepreneurship department should appear as a party to the agreement, which will allocate funds to you. If they are used improperly, they will be written off in favor of the state);
• Take the banking agreement, a certificate of absence of debts to credit organizations and a certificate of registration of the entrepreneur with the tax authorities to the entrepreneurship department;
• Within six months, funds will be credited to your account, and you will be able to manage them to benefit your business.

There is nothing complicated about applying for and receiving a grant. The most difficult moment is drawing up a business plan. Upon completion, a special commission will be familiarized with the conditions of your project. After which its representatives will ask you several questions regarding the effectiveness of implementing the development into practice.

If you successfully pass this “interview”, then the money will definitely be transferred to your account.

Collecting documents

To apply for a grant, you will need to collect a package of papers. It may vary slightly in each region.

Mainly required:

• The statement itself;
• Business plan with all calculations, calculations and forecasts;
• If you have already registered and function as an entrepreneur, you may be asked for copies of agreements with partners;
• Copies of premises rental agreements or certificates of ownership (if necessary);
• Copies of existing licenses and permits for work, production, etc.;
• Certificate from the bank stating that you have accounts;
• For LLC - a copy;
• A copy of an extract from the register of legal entities or individual entrepreneurs;
• A copy of the certificate of registration as an entrepreneur;
• Certificate from the tax office confirming the absence of debts and overdue payments;
• A receipt from the participant stating that he was not previously an entrepreneur (they may ask for your work record book confirming that you worked only for hire).

Depending on the terms of the grant, this list may vary to a greater or lesser extent. In any case, the preparation of documents must be approached responsibly. A certain period of time is given for collection. If you don’t meet it, then you won’t see money from the state.

Why can they refuse?

Receiving a subsidy from the state has a large list of requirements for a beginning entrepreneur. Failure to comply with at least one point may result in refusal to issue funds.

Let's consider these points:

• Choosing an inappropriate business niche. There are areas that the state does not finance; it is better to choose those that receive R regional support for small businesses in the first place;
• The amount declared is too large. You must understand that the state does not give away funds, but only gives them to those who are ready to invest themselves. Therefore, if the business plan indicates a lot of money required from the budget, a refusal will definitely follow;
• Errors in your project. If the business plan contains any inaccuracies or phrases that cause ambiguity, then the commission has the right to refuse. It should contain only specific calculations and substantive information. Quick payback and the significance of your business for the region - that’s what government officials look at;
• Resubmission of application. If you have previously received money from the state, then you are unlikely to succeed a second time. The government wants to sponsor newly-minted entrepreneurs;
• If you already have a registered business, you may be denied due to tax debts, untimely payment to subordinates, when employee income is less than the subsistence level.

Who can't count

The state is not ready to sponsor every idea of ​​a newly arrived entrepreneur. Only socially significant projects that will benefit the country or a particular region are of interest. In addition, the business plan must be realistic and not be the fruit of pipe dreams.

There are areas that will never receive project support from the state. If you are a representative of one of these areas, then do not count on grants.

These include:

• Tobacco production;
• Alcohol spill;
• Credit activities;
• Insurance Company;
• Frauds on and;
• Network business;
• Pawnshops.

Opening and sponsoring enterprises in these industries will have to be done exclusively at your own expense or by obtaining loans. These areas are not of large-scale significance for the regions; moreover, they are oversaturated with supply and demand.

Also, if you don’t have a penny for your own ideas, then the state will not cooperate. In some cases, the conditions for participation in the competition require at least 25% of the amount to support business development.

If you personally or your company has debts on bank loans, especially overdue ones, you don’t even have to bother submitting documents - the state will still refuse.

Do you want to become an entrepreneur

The problem of most people who want to open their own business is the psychological fear of something new and the worry that they can lose everything at the initial stage. This is a common phenomenon that only goes away with time. If you think and worry all the time, nothing will happen.

To open your own business, you need to make every effort, not to spare time and yourself personally. Another problem of modern young people is that they think, right away, it’s better to get them for free. It's unlikely that anything will work out with this approach.

An entrepreneur must improve his skills in the area in which he has extensive knowledge. You need to concentrate not on money, but on business.

Mastering suitable literature, attending various seminars and courses is an important stage in preparing yourself as a future leader. One of the most effective approaches to starting your own business correctly is to communicate with experienced entrepreneurs.

You must count on your strength. It is important to understand that any stop in business can lead to loss of invested funds, and restoring again is an even more difficult process.

In order for the government to allocate funds for your business free of charge, give maximum influence to your business plan. Decide on the niche that the enterprise will occupy. Further calculations and the issuance of the grant depend on this.

• Ask for a small amount the first time and only for the most necessary things, this will attract the attention of the commission, which will be sure that you really are;
• Create an original project, it must be unique. Its advantageous difference from others will allow it to be approved by the commission;
• Specify the correct goals of the project. Their goals cannot be to get money or cars for themselves. You must formulate proposals that do not concern you personally and your earnings. They can be aimed at developing the region, helping the population, developing exports, etc., that is, on what is important for the country and its economic growth.

You have decided to step into entrepreneurship, and all you have to do is find start-up capital. Or for more? Everyone knows that without investments the business will not get off the ground. Should you seek help from friends or try asking for money from the government? Small businesses in 2017 can count on some types of grants and subsidies.

In any region, a start-up entrepreneur is provided with at least two types of government assistance:

1. Subsidy under the self-employment program at the employment center. Unemployed citizens will be allocated 58,800 rubles for these purposes.
2. A grant of 300 thousand rubles from the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation.

Subsidies

Each region of our country has certain quotas for the provision of subsidies. You can find out their number at the employment center. If there are few subsidies in your region, consider whether it is worth fighting for - the amount is low. There are regions where, since 2015, such subsidies have been allocated only to residents of single-industry towns or existing entrepreneurs.

It is possible to obtain the approval of the commission - it consists of no more than 6 people. Half of them are employees of the employment center, and the other part are invited guests. You will have about 7 minutes to answer questions from guests. There is no need to talk about the project, because experts get acquainted with it in advance. The main thing for them is that you understand the intricacies of your business.

You will have about 7 minutes to answer questions from guests.

Business ideas that are not eligible for subsidies:

• stock exchange fraud;
• network marketing;
• sale of alcohol;
• pawnshop.

Grants

Having received money from the employment center, you can safely go for a grant. Or you can go there right away - this time the Ministry of Economic Development will help you. The federal program operates throughout the country, but local authorities are responsible for the distribution of funds. This means that you don’t need to go to Moscow - contact local funds to support small and medium-sized businesses.

There are chances

1. You registered as an entrepreneur for the first time, and less than a year has passed since that moment.
2. You have completed the basics training entrepreneurial activity. For those who have a legal or economic education, it’s even easier - you don’t need to complete any courses.
3. You are ready to invest at least 25% of your own funds from the amount of the desired grant. By the way, the percentage is different for each region. You need to check this with your fund.

No chance

1. The company is at the stage of bankruptcy, reorganization or liquidation.
2. You have overdue debt on tax and non-tax payments, fees, and insurance premiums.
3. Your company has wage arrears.
4. You pay your employees wages below the cost of living.

According to specialists from the Ministry of Economic Development, first of all they pay attention to the social significance of the project and the real possibilities of recoupment. The state does not want to give out money left and right. It is important for them that the company does not go bankrupt in a couple of months, but develops and grows. If the company develops, then stable budget replenishment is guaranteed. Each region identifies its own priority areas. Somewhere it is agriculture, in another place it is industry or handicraft production.

Package of documents

If you have decided, then start collecting documents:

1. Application for a subsidy. The application form is different everywhere - look on the website of the Ministry of Economy of your region.
2. Business plan.
3. Costings.
4. Documents that confirm the availability of production space (if premises are needed for the implementation of the project).
5. List of creditors and debtors.
6. Copies of contracts or draft contracts.
7. Copies of required licenses or permits.
8. Copies of documents for hiring the manager and chief accountant.
9. Questionnaire for an individual entrepreneur or head of a legal entity.
10. Certificate of availability and status of a bank account.
11. Copies constituent documents, if they are.
12. Copies of extracts from the Unified State Register of Legal Entities or.
13. Copies of registration certificate of individual entrepreneur or legal entity.
14. Certificate of absence of tax arrears.
15. Certificate of completion of training.

Do not forget that collecting documents will take some time. Pay attention to the “expiration date”. For example, a tax certificate is only valid for 10 days. Call the Small and Medium Enterprise Support Fund and find out about the start date of the competition. Applications from participants are accepted for 1 month, so you need to submit documents on time.

What's in a business plan?

Entrepreneurs should remember that they need to not only collect Required documents, but also provide a business plan for your activities. This is a complex document that requires detailed study. It will be easier for those who have an economic education. And for those who have never had to compile one, entrepreneurial training courses will help.

The business plan must include:

• production features;
• calculations of investment amounts;
• presentation of products or services;
• description of organizational processes at the enterprise, taking into account the calendar plan;
• forecasting risks and finding ways to minimize them.

Remember that the commission will evaluate each indicator and assign its own points. For example, the more people you can employ in your company, the higher the score you will receive. If you are under 30 years old, this is one more point for your project.

That's what you get points for.

What are they giving for?

There are some statistics on the issuance of grants. Judging by it, among the entrepreneurs who received the grant, about 30% are engaged in the provision of services, 20% have their own production, 12% are from the trade sector.

The easiest way is to get money for the purchase of fixed assets, for renting premises and for the necessary raw materials. As a grantee, you will benefit greatly from being willing to invest your own funds in purchasing the equipment. This will convince the commission that you are serious and believe in success.

As a rule, the state more often finances projects in the field of production and Agriculture, science (mostly natural sciences) and education.

Among the entrepreneurs who received the grant, about 30% are engaged in the provision of services, 20% have their own production, 12% are from the trade sector.

Agricultural Grants

Agricultural grants occupy a special place in the system. As part of the state program for the development of agriculture for 2013-2020, the subprogram “Support for small businesses” was adopted, aimed specifically at helping small businesses.

There are several options here:

1. Grants for beginning farmers.

Available for specific purposes:

• acquisition of plots of agricultural land;
• development project documentation for the construction (reconstruction) of industrial and warehouse buildings, premises intended for the production, storage and processing of agricultural products;
• acquisition, construction, repair and reconstruction of industrial and warehouse buildings, premises, extensions, utility networks, barriers and structures, as well as their registration;
• construction of roads and access roads to production and warehouse facilities;
• connecting production and warehouse buildings, premises, extensions and structures to utility networks: electrical, water, gas and heat networks, road infrastructure;
• purchase of farm animals;
• obtaining agricultural machinery and equipment, trucks, equipment for the production and processing of agricultural products;
• purchasing seeds and planting material for planting perennial plantings;
• obtaining fertilizers and pesticides.

To receive a grant, you need to contact the regional competition commission for supporting beginning farmers, where grants are distributed on a competitive basis. The Commission annually publishes the terms of the competition before January 15.

To participate in the competition, you must submit an application in the prescribed form. Contacts of regional competition commissions can be obtained from state agricultural authorities in the regions.

This grant can only be received once. At the same time, it must repay no more than 90% of your costs for the acquisition of material resources for the development of the farm.

2. Grant for home improvement.

WITH funds can be used to build housing, purchase furniture and other items for a farmer’s home. However, such a grant does not provide for the purchase of secondary housing. It is assumed that the beginning farmer builds a house himself or buys a new one.

Each region has different terms and conditions of the competition. To participate, you need to track information on the websites of relevant regional departments, as well as regional ministries of agriculture.

3. Grant for a family livestock farm.

The grant can be spent on:

• development of design documentation for a family livestock farm;
• construction, reconstruction or modernization of a family livestock farm;
• construction, reconstruction or modernization of production facilities for processing livestock products;
• supplying family livestock farms and livestock processing facilities with equipment and machinery, as well as their installation;
• purchase of farm animals.

The grant amount cannot exceed 60% of your costs. To receive a grant, you must submit an application in the prescribed form for a grant to the commission under the governing body agro-industrial complex subject of the Russian Federation.

With the participation of the Russian Ministry of Agriculture, an agricultural consulting system has been created in the country. The system's consultants will assist beginning farmers in applying for grants and resolving other issues.

Rules for "granting"

1. Money is given to the organization to perform these tasks, and not to the entrepreneur personally.
2. According to statistics, preference is given to the most realistic or most original projects.
3. Not all grants are right for you. Spend maximum time studying the information: how much money is allocated, for what exactly. Otherwise, you risk being rejected - most often they are rejected precisely because the application does not correspond to the subject of the grant.
4. If you really need money, then try to adapt your own tasks to the goals of the grant. But even here, be prepared for refusal: it is unlikely that a fireworks retailer will be given a grant as an organization producing agricultural products.

The purpose and amount of the grant are finalized in the business plan and then do not change.

1. Money never arrives all at once, but comes gradually - in tranches. Each stage of the project will be financed separately. Moreover, where it is necessary to supply you with equipment, for example, office equipment, they will supply it, and will not give you money to buy it.
2. Even paying off a bank loan can be delayed, but spending grant funds on other purposes is unacceptable. Any mistake is an indelible stain on your reputation.
3. Complete all reports correctly and on time. Do everything as described in the instructions and do not violate deadlines.
4. There is no need to wait for maximum grants for the first time. Ask for the minimum for what you can’t do without. Such an application has a much greater chance of being selected: it will immediately be clear that you will be busy with business, and not with furnishing your own office, for example.
5. There is no free cheese here either: you will still have to pay income tax on the grant, so be prepared for this.

Remember that problems in the economy are not a reason why you should refuse to start your own business. You can always find optimal solutions. The main thing is to move forward towards your goal, and it’s up to you to decide whether to turn to the state for help or rely on your own strength.

There are people whose power lies in the money they loaned. And there are others whose power lies in the money they borrowed. Auguste Deteuf, economist, writer

An important part of the economic policy of the Russian Federation is the state business assistance program. This program is aimed at financial support for all small and medium-sized businesses. It has been operating for several years, but not all beginning entrepreneurs know how to get a subsidy to open or develop their own business. Read on to learn how to get a subsidy for small businesses, what kind of assistance is provided to small businesses under various state programs, and how much money an individual business entity can receive under these state programs.

To support start-up entrepreneurs, the government is organizing state programs to help young enterprises. You can receive a subsidy for starting a business through two main government programs: federal and municipal. Various government departments (Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Education and Science, Ministry of Economic Development) also have their own subsidy programs for entrepreneurs and to support new organizations in relevant sectors of the economy. Sometimes it is possible to provide individual assistance to small businesses for some of its entities at the discretion of regional authorities, but this is not the main goal of the program.

There is a special program of the Ministry of Economic Development for new entrepreneurs Russian Federation to provide funds for opening new enterprises and supporting new entrepreneurs. The maximum amount of subsidies for starting a business under this program is 58,800 rubles - this is the annual amount. Every adult citizen of the Russian Federation who is recognized as unemployed and is also registered with the Employment Center can receive such small support.

Any business entity has the opportunity to receive a special government grant - a free subsidy for the development of small businesses. The maximum grant amount is no more than 300,000 rubles. The terms of the grant under the program to help start-up entrepreneurs differ by region; an enterprise that has existed for no more than two years and has not previously received financial assistance from the state can count on such support.

Particularly popular among some organizations is the state program for a small partial return of interest on the loan. There is another similar government program - providing subsidies to reimburse leasing costs. To receive assistance under these programs, an enterprise must meet a number of conditions, and the debt period must not exceed three months before submitting the application. The maximum amount of assistance under the loan interest reimbursement program is 5,000,000 rubles.

The basis of state support for private entrepreneurship in our country is programs for financing enterprises from the state budget, designed for beginning entrepreneurs, designed to help develop their own business. According to them, any entrepreneur in Russia can count on various support measures, for example, free support for small businesses.

The subsidized entrepreneur is obliged to draw up regular reports on the expenditure of targeted funds from the budget, and in case of their misuse, he must return them to the state.

Subsidy for starting your own business

A future entrepreneur can receive financial support from the state to open an individual entrepreneur. To do this, he needs to be registered with the Employment Center, obtain unemployed status, write, and then present to the commission a special plan for the development of the future enterprise drawn up in advance. After this, you need to register a legal entity and enter into an agreement with the Employment Center to provide a subsidy when opening an individual entrepreneur. Receiving subsidies for individual entrepreneurs and providing assistance from the state when opening a small business is only possible if the labor exchange cannot provide for the citizen suitable job, and he himself already receives the corresponding cash allowance.

Required documents to register as unemployed:

• statement about the need for government assistance to find a job;
• passport or temporary identity card of a citizen of the Russian Federation;
• certificate, diploma or other document certifying professional qualifications;
• work record (except for citizens who have never worked anywhere before);
• a certificate of earnings received for the last three months before dismissal.

A business development plan consists of a description of the area of ​​activity of the enterprise, a list of the basic principles of operation of the future enterprise, and justification for the feasibility of opening a new organization. And also: a detailed development strategy for this organization, a payback forecast, an estimate of resource costs, a spending plan for the first three months of those targeted funds that were allocated to the entrepreneur under the subsidy program. Receiving subsidies for entrepreneurs from the Employment Center presupposes the creation of jobs, so the plan must include the expected number of newly created jobs.

The received subsidy for opening a small business involves targeted spending of the funds allocated for opening an individual entrepreneur. A project to use state assistance in creating a new SPD must have a social orientation, must be publicly useful and cannot engage in activities in the following four areas:

• banking and loans are prohibited;
• you cannot engage in the mining industry;
• financing of gambling activities is prohibited;
• The production and sale of excisable goods is unacceptable.

The Employment Center provides consulting support to aspiring entrepreneurs, conducts seminars on the basics of entrepreneurship, and helps them in legal issues, provides financing for newly created enterprises, reimbursement of registration costs, and even provides businesses with workers from among unemployed citizens. The main goal of the program is to employ already unemployed citizens and create new jobs.

Grants for the development of an existing enterprise

You can receive a subsidy for opening a small business, as well as developing an existing small enterprise, through regional state programs for the development of entrepreneurial activity. Targeted funds are distributed through a competition between different organizations. The money should be used for the development of the organization, but not for its current activities. Requirements that must be met to receive a subsidy for the development of small businesses: the enterprise must have been operating for less than two years, must have no more than 250 employees, and must not have tax arrears. Funds from subsidies for starting a small business and subsidies for business development must be used in one year, unspent funds must be returned to the budget of the city or region.

Your local Small Business Development Department can help you obtain small business grants. The entrepreneur must provide a full package of documents, take part in the state competition, prepare and defend a project plan for spending the received budget funds.

Package of documents:

• Statement of the need to receive assistance in developing small businesses;
• Passport or other identification document;
• Completed entrepreneur application form;
• A copy of the state registration certificate, constituent documents;
• Certificates required to conduct business in a specific industry;
• Certificate from the tax office confirming the absence of debt;
• Financial documentation on the current activities of the organization;
• Prepared business plan.

In 2017, the Russian Ministry of Agriculture program “Support for Beginning Farmers” was launched, under which organizations in the agricultural sector can expect to receive a subsidy for small businesses from the state in the amount of up to 3,000,000 rubles. To participate in a competition for such a program, you must provide the same package as to receive a development grant existing organization in other sectors of the economy. The competition is held by the local Ministry of Agriculture. The purposes of spending budget funds may be:

• Purchase of equipment, equipment, animals, raw materials, seeds, fertilizers;
• Land lease, land purchase;
• Construction of buildings, renovation of premises;
• Construction of roads, infrastructure facilities, territory redevelopment.

Grant is state financial assistance to business, provided free of charge to business entities that have existed for less than 24 months, meet the criteria for issuing state subsidies for small businesses, have no debt to the state and have not previously received subsidies for start-up entrepreneurs.

The goal of the program is a one-time subsidy for small businesses on a competitive basis with the aim of developing a specific enterprise.

Other measures to support SPD

Help for small businesses from the state is not limited to monetary support alone. In addition to direct subsidies to business entities, assistance is provided to entrepreneurs in various other forms of support. Government bodies can help new entrepreneurs with preferential rent of premises and purchase of technical equipment, provide entrepreneurs with government contracts, as well as infrastructural, accounting, and legal support for those who need it.

Since 2015, the Federal SME Corporation has been implementing a state program to support entrepreneurs. This state program is designed to help beginners individual entrepreneurs create new enterprises. It provides information and methodological support to all aspiring entrepreneurs, organizes investment programs and provides the opportunity to start a business.

Different regions have their own programs to help small businesses. In addition to direct subsidies under federal state programs, municipal authorities of different regions organize their own state programs to support enterprises.

Sample list of regional support programs for small businesses:

The exact list of regional state programs for entrepreneurship development should be checked with the local Department of Entrepreneurship Development. The list is constantly changing, and is also strongly tied to the characteristics of the region. For example, in the south of the country more funds are allocated to support farmers.

The issuance of subsidies for small businesses from the state occurs not only under federal programs to assist new business entities, but also under many regional programs. In addition to subsidies for small businesses, it is also possible to receive other forms of assistance when starting a business and the subsequent development of the enterprise. Individual corporations and foundations also provide SOPs for own programs support for entrepreneurs.

Under the entrepreneurship development program, 7 billion rubles were allocated in 2017, and this money was directed from the state to the development of small businesses in our country. Any small business can receive support under these programs.

The general goals of all government programs to support entrepreneurship: providing conditions for the development of entrepreneurial activity, reducing unemployment, reorienting the economy to increase the share of small businesses in the overall structure of the economy.

Assistance from the state to start-up entrepreneurs is provided by providing business subsidies. In addition, there are also other assistance to small businesses from the state.