Methodological development

extracurricular activities on literature

in grades 5-6.

Literary game: “Traditions and culture of the Komi-Permyak people in riddles, proverbs and legends.”

Each nation has its own language, customs, psychology, way of life, and worldview. I think everyone will agree with me that, living in the Komi-Permyak Okrug, it is impossible not to be interested in its history and culture, even if you are Russian by nationality. And, first of all, works of oral history help us get acquainted with the traditions of the people folk art. Legends, riddles and proverbs occupy a special place in folklore. Today's lesson we will devote to working on some of them. As a source of work for us, we will use excerpts from Russian epics, Komi-Permyak legends, riddles, proverbs published in literary collections: “Steps of Hopes”, “Literature of Native Parma”, “Treasured Treasure”.

I "Riddles" stage

Guess the riddles.

The white ripple ran towards the river. (Goose)

The white girl smiles at night. (Moon)

Without arms, without legs, and he climbs onto a stake. (Hop)

The armless, legless man is rummaging through the gardens. (Wind)

The armless, legless man raises mountains. (Blizzard)

Headless, wingless flies over the river. (Cloud)

There are two different colored wines in a white barrel. (Egg)

Every hut has a crooked leg. (Poker)

They are chopping in the village, and the chips are flying into the villages. (Church bells)

Red goes into the water, but black comes out. (Iron)

Every house is very dry (damn). (Window)

They go to the forest and lay canvases; they go home and lay canvases. (Skis)

There's a bear's paw in the underground. (Pomelo)

In the forest, legless, headless Zakhar screams. (Echo)

In a dark forest there is a hut without a roof. (Woodpile)

You can see it, but you can’t reach it. (Sun, month)

The raven flies backwards. (Boat)

They will take it by the edges and put it on. (Stocking)

The bitter, tasty thing hung on the willow tree. (Hop)

Far, far away, a horse will neigh - here the soup will sparkle and fall. (Thunder and lightning)

A two-legged dog chews a bone. (Len crumples)

The long nose pecks the grain. (Pest)

She runs day and night, but she doesn’t know where. (River)

They did it and knitted it, but they lost the end. (Hedge)

In winter - a woman in a shawl, in summer - a girl with braids. (Earth)

In winter - a woman in a shawl, in summer - a man with his head uncovered. (Stump)

In winter in a white fur coat, in summer in a green sundress. (Earth)

Sleeps in winter, runs in summer. (River)

Winding and winding, where are you in a hurry? - He's cut and combed, why are you asking? (River and shore)

As soon as he gets up, he looks out the window. (Sun)

A red cockerel runs along a pole. (Fire)

The red cow licks the black one. (Fire and the stove brow)

Round, not the moon, with a tail, not a mouse. (Turnip)

A furry rope stuck to the wall. (Moss in the groove)

Kriven-verzny, what are you doing? - I'm wrapping pigs. (Hedge)

The crooked crooked woman climbs into the furry hair. (Horse head and collar)

The little daughter-in-law dresses everyone. (Needle)

The boundary is expensive, and the arable land is even more expensive. (Frame)

The furry ball shows off its long tail. (Clew)

Small, light, but you can’t hold it in your hands. (Ember)

We go to sleep, and he goes for a walk. (Month)

The beautiful young woman decorated the entire forest. (Frost)

The mohnashka opens up, the naked man bursts into her. (Mitten and hand)

The young woman blinked, the forest fell, the haystack stood up. (Spit, grass, haystack)

Snow falls on a hummock. (Flour is sifted)

In the attic the foals kick. (Threshing with flails)

He prints patterns on the snow. (bast shoes)

A slobbering old woman is sitting on the stove. (Kvashnya)

There is a crane's finger on the shelf. (Spindle)

"Round"

For the remaining riddles, each team is given one point if the team answers correctly:

Nothing hurts, but everything aches and whines. (Pig)

He has a lot of legs, but he rides from the field on his back. (Harrow)

There's a bear fist on the shelf. (Salt shaker)

A bear is dancing on the roof. (Smoke from the chimney)

Two dolls are sitting on the edge of the hayloft. (Eyes)

Not hair, but scratching. (Linen)

The nose is iron, the tail is wooden. (Icepick. Shovel. Arrow)

One clap-clap, another flutter-flutter; one hits and the other laughs. (Ruffled and flax)

The stove was dismantled, but they were unable to put it back together. (Eggshell)

The vessel is new, but there are holes all over it. (Sieve. Sieve)

In the middle of the floor, thin Timofey is dancing. (Venik-golik)

Five sheep from one stack are plucking. (Spinning)

He's horned, he doesn't butt, and he lives in the house. (Grab)

He doesn’t see it himself, but shows people the way. (Language)

One nose, two tails. (bast shoes)

Horned on the outside, polled on the inside. (Izba)

The magpie is in the oven, and the tail is in the room. (Shovel)

They drag the old woman by her navel day and night. (Door)

Three quarters are hairy, one quarter is bare. (Broom)

White doves are sitting by the ice hole. (Teeth)

The more they hit, the more beautiful it becomes. (Len is being babbled)

Black, not Voronko, horned, not a bull. (Chafer)

What can't you find online? (Wind)

What can't anyone get? (Sun)

What can't you jump over? (To Kam)

What can't you wrap in a ball? (The road)

What reaches the sky? (Eye)

What can't you hang on a hanger? (Egg)

II "Proverbs" stage

Whose team will find matches between Komi-Permyak and Russian proverbs faster?

Komi-Permyak proverbs:

Where we live is where we are needed.

Two bast shoes - a pair.

A bast shoe is not a match for a boot.

Think twice, say once.

An uncaught fox is not skinned.

Don't measure an unwoven canvas.

You can't forge an ax out of nothing.

Some into the grove, some into the forest.

The eyes are afraid, but the legs are moving.

Raven and raven know each other.

Getting married is not putting on bast shoes.

Thanks won't make a fur coat.

Wait for the crane to neigh.

Wait for the deer to come running.

Every broom soars in its own way.

If you help someone else, they will help you too.

Wait for the crane to neigh.

Wait for the deer to come running.

Where the horse goes, so does the cart.

The way you work is the way you eat.

Not clay, you won't get wet.

Russian proverbs:

Where he was born, he fit in.

The eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing.

A dog recognizes a dog by its paw.

Two of a Kind.

Seven times measure cut once.

Every broom sweeps in its own way.

Sowing good means reaping good.

Wait for the cancer on the mountain to whistle.

Living life is not a field to cross.

You can't make porridge out of nothing.

Some go to the forest, some for firewood.

The goose is no friend to the pig.

Not sugary, you won't melt.

Share the skin of an unkilled bear.

Where the needle goes, so goes the thread.

Whatever we work for, we will eat.

What you trample is what you dig.

The apple never falls far from the tree.

Don't sit in your own sleigh.

What feature can be observed by reading these proverbs?

(different versions of the same proverb )

In Komi-Permyak proverbs, as well as in the proverbs of others

peoples, folk wisdom is expressed. They arose a long time ago, they summarize life experience Komi-Permyaks and their ancestors. What groups can these proverbs be divided into accordingly?

An efficient hunter has the animal closer.

A nimble hunter has an animal that lives closer to him.

There is a cow in the barn - the table is not bare.

By horse and harness

First get a squirrel, and then get a fresh one.

The hunter's feet feed him.

Bread does not grow on the boundary.

The barn is cramped, but the table is delicious.

The village is fed from the earth.

The village rests on the plow.

If you love the earth, it will love you too.

If you leave manure in the barn, the barn will be empty.

You can't catch bream with your hands.

From a thin fish and a thin ear.

Particularly interesting are the proverbs that contain

characteristics of a person.

(A lazy owner freezes on the stove.

Fast hands no need to customize.

If you can’t do it, don’t do it, but if you do, do it.

Skillful hands are not afraid of work.

You can't make money with your tongue.

If you get lazy, you'll be left without a shirt.

Don't turn your nose up - you're not a goose.

Hang a tail on him - he'll be no worse than a fox.

Mummy has water in his mouth.

A skinny sheep freezes in the summer.)

-What do you think human qualities valued by the people?

Also, Komi-Permyak proverbs are rich in various

techniques artistic expression.

Group the proverbs:

1 gr. - synonyms,

2 gr. - antonyms,

3 gr. - comparisons,

4 gr. - hyperbole,

5 gr. - metaphor.

Wine deprives you of your mind and destroys your family.

Trouble and grief live in people.

The tailless and the unclawed are always to blame.

On the foreign side and the native crow is happy.

The Gadfly feasts on Peter's Day, and grieves on Ilya's Day.

Good man fixes, but the bad one breaks.

You will find both good and bad in people.

Good and evil walk hand in hand.

You can explain it to a fool ten times, but he won’t understand, but a smart person doesn’t even need words.

Youth is a foal, and old age is a hunted horse.

At home, lie down either lengthwise or across.

Good word- like a soft broom in a bathhouse.

Looks like a squirrel (very keenly).

As fast as a shuttle.

A lonely person is a lonely tree.

I went to lick the bottom of the cup.

The old one hears with his heart.

The old man sees through the ground.

The hunter's feet feed him.

Crashed on summer ice(said something that didn’t happen).

His wealth is a cat and a dog.

A lazy wife has an unwashed husband.

A skinny sheep freezes in the summer.

Dress the stump well, and it will become beautiful.

The mouth is not a bast shoe, it discerns sweets.

He will dive into Inve and emerge into Kama (about a sneaky, cunning person).

A hungry belly will lead you into a den.

You can swallow rotten food with honey.

The mosquito is small, but it eats the horse.

III "Legends" stage

-Which heroes of Russian epics do you know?

-Heroes of Komi-Permyak legends?

-What epics and legends do you know?

-What is the specificity of the image? national character hero of Komi-Permyak legends?

Firstly, this can be clearly seen in the description of him origin.

To do this, compare the origins of Russian and Komi-Permyak heroes (information on the slide).

-What are their differences?

Russian heroes happenfrom simple families . Ilya Muromets is from the family of peasant Ivan Timofeevich and Efrosinya Polikarpovna. Dobrynya Nikitich is from the Ryazan family of Nikita Romanovich and Afimya Alexandrovna. Alyosha Popovich is from the family of the cathedral priest, Father Levontius.

Kudym-Osh - son of Chudleader Andwise women named Pavsin. In some legends he is the son of a woman and a bear.

Pera the hero -son of Parma , the lands of the Komi-Permyaks, - thereforeit feels like part of living nature : “How much time passed, Parma gave birth to a young man, and they named him Pera. The owner of both the land and the forest grew up handsome and stately” (“Pera and Zaran”).

-Continuing the conversation about the specifics of depicting national character, let’s pay attention to the similaritiesAnd differences V about the appearance of Russian and Komi-Permyak heroes, P With the help of what artistic and expressive means is this achieved?(1 point for each correct answer to each team)

Card No. 1

Bogatyrs of Komi-Permyak legends.

Kudym-Osh: “Osh’s eyes were as sharp as those of a hawk, he saw better than an owl on a black night, he was three arshins tall, and the strength and intelligence were given to him three times over other people. In winter and summer, Osh walked with his head uncovered, and was not afraid of rain, snow, hot sun, or evil northern winds. That’s why they called him Osh, which means bear” (“Bogatyr Kudym-Osh”).

Pera: “Slender like a pine, curly like a cedar, Pera had heroic strength. There was no stronger hero among the Chud people” (“About the life of Pera and Mizi on the Lupie River”).

Russian bogatyrs.

Ilya Muromets: “He was evasive. He had twelve girths

silk with damask pins, with red-gold buckles, not for beauty, for pleasure, for the sake of heroic strength. He had a damask club with him, a long spear, and a battle sword girded around him” (“Ilya Muromets and Kalin the Tsar”).

Dobrynya Nikitich: “... wide in the shoulders, thin in the belt, black eyebrows sable, sharp-sighted falcon eyes, fair-haired curls curling in rings, scattered, his face is white and rosy, the color is exactly poppy, and his strength and grip have no equal, and he is affectionate , courteous” (“Dobrynya”); “Agile, evasive...” (“Dobrynya and the Serpent”).

Alyosha Popovich: “The guy grew up, maturing by leaps and bounds, as if the dough on the dough was rising, filling with strength and strength” (“Alyosha”).

Similarities: When describing Russian and Komi-Permyak heroes, the same epithets are used: “heroic "strength, eyes"keen-sighted falcons."

Differences: When describing the heroes of Komi-Permyak legends, their closeness to nature is emphasized. For example, incomparison , which is used to describe Pera the hero: “Slender, like a pine, curly, like a cedar, Pera had heroic strength,” or inhyperbole when describing Kudym-Osh: “... he was three arshins tall, and the strength and intelligence were given to him three times over other people. In winter and summer, Osh walked with his head uncovered, and was not afraid of rain, snow, hot sun, or evil northern winds. That’s why they called him Osh, which means bear.”

We will continue our further conversation about the features of depicting the national character of the hero of Komi-Permyak legends after reading one of the legends. It's called " About the life of Pera and Mizi on the Lupie River».

What else, in your opinion, is the specificity of the depiction of the national character of the heroes of Komi-Permyak legends?

Specifics of depicting national character heroes of Komi-Permyak legends appears andin the description of the life and activities of the Komi-Permyaks.

Work with text

- What is the significance of the first paragraph in this legend? What artistic means is this achieved?

“Grey-haired and old as the Earth, the Urals were covered with dense forests. The man made his way with difficulty through the forests, mostly along rivers in dugout boats. Our places were desolate, there were standing all around dark forest. There was a lot of different game in the forests. There are tons of animals and birds. Some animals were the masters of the Ural Parmas.”

(Epithets: gray-haired, old, thick, with difficulty, dark.

Comparison: like the Earth.

Difficult word: darkness-darkness.)

-What are the features of life and activities of the Komi-Permyaks?

Legend, card No. 2

“In those old years, our land was inhabited by the Chud people. Villages were scattered in forests and along rivers. Chud did not build a home for herself; she took refuge from bad weather in dugout pits. They did not cultivate the land, they did not raise cows or horses, but they found food in the forests: they harvested animals and birds. They caught fish in the rivers, collected pine nuts and herbs in swamps and forests.

In the Ural forests they harvested animals and poultry: whoever caught it - black grouse or hazel grouse, elk or bear, squirrel or marten - everything went for food, everything went for establishing a farm.

They knew neither guns nor gunpowder; They were wooding with bows and arrows, and the horsemen were betting on the animals. The Chud people will find a tusyapu tree in the forest, steam it, bend it like an arc, tie it with elk tendons - and the weapon is ready” (“About the life of Pera and Mizi on the Lupie River”).

"It was a long time ago. There was no winter in our area then. The weather was clear and warm all the time, and a dense, beautiful forest grew. This forest, this land was called Parma. There were many different animals and birds in Parma. People have not yet inhabited these places” (“Pera and Zaran”).

“A long time ago, when the Inva River flowed in a different direction than it does now - they were looking for a shorter path - a mighty people - the Chud - lived on the banks of the Inva River. The Chud lived in the remote taiga, where foreign tribes did not know the way and ended up in these lands by accident.

The miracles lived in pits and dugouts, like moles and mice; they knew neither bread, nor salt, nor a knife, nor an ax. Rivers and forests provided them with food and clothing. Warmth and light are the sun, and the good god Oypel protected them from illness. Damage and misfortune" ("Kudym-Osh").

WITH Komi-Permyak villages were located along the rivers; they lived in dugout pits; engaged in hunting and fishing; They hunted with bows and arrows because there were no guns.

-What qualities does Pera the hero have? Give examples.(Strength, agility - he is a good hunter, cares about his people)

Conclusion: Having studied the Komi-Permyak legends and comparing them, if possible, with Russian epics, we can conclude that the content, images, and ideological orientation of these works are largely similar to each other.

The heroes of Komi-Permyak legends and Russian epics are heroes who defend their land from enemies. They are hardworking and selfless, open and sincere, and have remarkable strength.

But also, distinctive features have been identified between Komi-Permyak legends and Russian epics. Home distinctive feature Komi-Permyak legends is the feeling of man as a part of living nature. In Komi-Permyak legends, a person’s spiritually poetic attitude to nature and the animal world is manifested through origin, appearance, the activities of the heroes, through a description of the life of the heroes.

Appearance

Classes

Through the origin, appearance, occupation of the heroes, description of everyday life, it is revealed________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Literature:

V.V. Klimov Collection-reading book “Treasured Treasure”.

N.A. Maltseva Reader “Literature of my native Parma”. Kudymkar, 2002

V.V. Klimov Reader “Steps of Hope”. NPF Gort LLP, 1995.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

Nature and man.

§ Spring is cheerful, but poor,

Autumn is boring, but rich.

§ You oversleep in the spring - in the fall

you'll get a tan.

§ Spring nights with a hare's tail.

§ The wagtail has thin legs,

But she breaks the ice.

§ You won’t work in the summer,

The cow will have nothing to give.

§ The heat does not ache your bones.

§ After autumn, summer does not come.

§ Autumn is like a loaded ship.

§ Everything comes in due time.

§ You can’t turn back the past.

§ The day is big-eyed, the night is big-eared.

§ The boat will not float against the current on its own.

§ There is a lot of wealth in the forest and in the water.

§ The bear always has a weapon with him.

§ The dog chases the hare,

And the hare's meat is eaten by its owner.

§ The forest is our breadwinner and drinker.

§ The boat leaves no traces on the water.

§ The fox is hunted,

But the fox itself also hunts.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

About people.

· The man is good, and the glory is good.

· Eyes betray guilt.

· Baked from the same dough.

· Don’t rejoice at the find, don’t grieve over the loss.

· He will share the last piece.

· Conscience has no teeth, but gnaws.

· He who mumbles his food works slowly.

· Wherever it sits, it gets dirty.

· You should not pluck an uncaught black grouse.

· The water in my mouth is frozen.

· Not a clay doll, you won't get wet.

· Pushed off from one shore,

But he didn’t bother the other one.

· The heart is not a stone.

· Dogs are not allowed to sell meat.

Youth. Old age.

§ It’s young and green, I’m told to take a walk.

§ Old people are hardy people.

§ Man lives life to the fullest Then,

When can he work?

§ Don’t hurt the old, you’ll grow old yourself.

§ Among the young, even the old man is getting younger.

§ Youth has passed - it has not said goodbye,

Old age came without asking.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

About smart and stupid.

That's what a head is for, to think.

Have fun, but wisely.

He who travels a lot knows a lot.

There is a desire, but is there enough skill?

A fool has stupid conversations.

Where one sheep goes, so do the rest.

They didn’t take you to where the mind was divided.

For a fool, what is bad is funny.

Modesty. Delicacy.

Ø Quieter than water, below the grass.

Ø Lives by biting his tongue.

Ø There is no harm from good.

Ø A person of good character

Without bread the mouth will not open,

Without the wind, the hair will not move.

Beauty. Ugliness.

v It’s beautiful on top, but rotten on the inside.

v He looks good, but you don’t know the inside of a person.

v The marten is black, but expensive,

The hare is white, but cheap.

v Don't look at the face, look at the mind.

v Even if you gild it, it won’t be any more beautiful.

Courage. Cowardice.

ü Both want and fear.

ü Desire overcomes fear.

ü If you are afraid of everyone,

It's better not to live in the world.

ü Not one of the cowardly dozen.

ü Even a hare will scare a cowardly person

and the puppy bites.

ü A coward is like a hare,

He is afraid of his shadow.

Health. Diseases.

· There would be bones, but the meat would grow.

· A person’s most valuable asset is health.

· Illness ages a person.

· It will heal before the wedding.

· If there is strength and health,

We will not become beggars.

· Health is most valuable:

You can't buy it for any money.

About life.

ü Life flows like a fast river.

ü Life is not a fairy tale.

ü Living life is not about crossing a fence.

ü You live and live, but you have nothing to tell people about.

ü In life you will have to eat all sorts of fish soup.

ü Life depends on you.

ü For some it is sweet, and for some it is bitter.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

About hard workers and lazy people.

§ Hard work is fun to look at.

§ If you don’t know how, don’t try it, don’t fly without wings.

§ If you had a hand, there would be a job.

§ The eyes are afraid, but the hands will do it.

§ For poor work, they iron you against the grain.

§ If you know how to dance, you can also work.

§ The lazy person always has tomorrow and the day after tomorrow.

§ If you fuss about, the oven will cool down.

§ Without labor, even a sliver will not break off.

§ Laziness was born before you.

§ You won’t get enough of chatter.

§ Everything works out in skillful hands.

§ He can speak, but he cannot work.

§ Good job will glorify far.

About clothes.

Ø Don’t wear bad clothes - you won’t see new ones.

Ø Get dressed... You'll ruin the weather.

Ø You wear clothes for work.

Ø You can’t tell a person’s insides by clothes.

Ø What is the weather, so are the clothes.

Ø Fits like a pig's silk scarf.

About food.

§ For a hungry person, work is difficult.

§ You won’t be full of air.

§ If there was health, there would always be food.

§ It’s not the fur coat that warms you, but the bread.

Bread is father, water is mother.

§ On the road, bread is not a burden.

§ Don’t rush when eating, it will go down the wrong throat.

§ Soup and porridge are our food.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

Studies.

Everything needs to be learned.

Young people need education

Like food for a hungry man.

You won't make it into the public without training.

There is no need to teach a master.

A literate person is sighted,

Illiterate is blind.

Live forever and learn.

Himself and people, one’s own and someone else’s.

v You can’t do things yourself

Why do you scold others?

v He is good himself and is good to you.

v Don’t praise yourself, let people praise you.

v Don’t learn to ride on someone else’s neck.

v Don’t rejoice in someone else’s misfortune.

v Don’t hide behind someone else’s back.

v Don’t envy someone else’s life.

Punishment, shame.

Know how to do something wrong, know how to answer.

I found what I was looking for.

You won't get a pat on the back for bad deeds.

Set up a hot bath. Lather your neck.

His wings need to be trimmed, but there is no one to do it.

Teach to sleep on the edge.

Plant it on an anthill.

You will give free rein to your hands,

You'll beat yourself up.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

Truth and friendship.

· Better than good there is nothing.

· Good is not repaid with evil.

· The truth hurts my eyes.

· We drink water from one well.

· Debt good turn deserves another.

· The world is not without good people.

· Bread and salt make people related.

· Seven do not wait for one.

Homeland. My house.

Ø One’s homeland – one’s own mother.

Ø In its homeland, every tree smiles.

Ø A native nest is dear to everyone.

Ø I’m glad to see my own crow in a foreign land.

Ø At home - as you want, but in public - as you are forced to do.

Ø No matter how good it is, it’s still not home.

Ø When you return home,

The road seems shorter.

Family.

· Choose your bride at work, not at a party.

· Decent people don’t have a wedding in the middle of summer.

· Without a nest, alone, only the cuckoo lives.

· Without a man in the house, knives and axes are dull.

· Without a mistress, a house is not a home.

· The mother's hand is soft.

· The most difficult thing is to raise a person.

Loneliness and team.

v The more, the merrier.

v What more hands, the faster the work goes.

v For the team, any trouble is nothing.

v A single rod is easy to break,

Try to break the broom.

v The lonely one is gored by cancer.

v How many heads, so many minds.

One log will not burn for long.

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Komi proverbs and sayings.

Nature and man.

• Spring is cheerful, but poor,

Autumn is boring, but rich.

• In the spring you will oversleep - in the fall

You'll get a tan.

• Spring nights with a hare's tail.
• The wagtail has thin legs,

But she breaks the ice.

• You won't work in the summer

The cow will have nothing to give.

• The heat does not ache your bones.
• After autumn, summer does not come.
• Autumn is like a loaded ship.
• Everything comes in due time.
• You can't turn back the past.
• The day is big-eyed, the night is big-eared.
• The boat will not float against the current on its own.
• There is a lot of wealth in the forest and in the water.
• The bear always has a weapon with him.
• The dog is chasing a hare

And the hare's meat is eaten by its owner.

But the fox itself also hunts.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

About people.

• The man is good, and the glory is good.
• The eyes betray guilt.
• Baked from the same dough.
• Don’t rejoice at the find, don’t grieve over the loss.
• He will share the last piece.
• Conscience has no teeth, but gnaws.
• He who mumbles his food works slowly.
• Wherever it sits, it will get dirty.
• You should not pluck an uncaught black grouse.
• The water in my mouth froze.
• Not a clay doll, you won't get wet.
• Pushed off from one shore,

But he didn’t bother the other one.

• The heart is not a stone.
• Dogs are not allowed to sell meat.

Youth. Old age.

When can he work?

• Don't hurt the old, you'll grow old yourself.
• Among the young, even the old man is getting younger.
• Youth has passed - it has not said goodbye,

Old age came without asking.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

About smart and stupid.

• That's what a head is for, to think.
• Have fun, but wisely.
• He who travels a lot knows a lot.
• There is a desire, but is there enough skill?
• A fool has stupid conversations.
• Where one sheep goes, so do the rest.
• They didn’t take you to where the mind was divided.
• For a fool, what is bad is funny.

Modesty. Delicacy.

Without bread the mouth will not open,

Without the wind, the hair will not move.

Beauty. Ugliness.

• It's beautiful on the outside, but rotten on the inside.
• He looks good, but you don’t know the inside of a person.
• The marten is black, but expensive,

The hare is white, but cheap.

• Don't look at the face, look at the mind.
• Even if you gild it, it won’t be any more beautiful.

Komi folk proverbs and sayings.

Courage. Cowardice.

• And I want and I’m afraid.
• Desire overcomes fear.
• If you are afraid of everyone,

It's better not to live in the world.

• Not one of the cowardly dozen.
• The hare will scare a cowardly man

And the puppy bites.

• A coward is like a hare

He is afraid of his shadow.

Health. Diseases.

• There would be bones, but the meat would grow.
• A person’s most valuable asset is health.
• Illness ages a person.
• It will heal before the wedding.
• If there is strength and health,

We will not become beggars.

• Health is most valuable:

You can't buy it for any money.

About life.

• Life flows like a fast river.
• Life is not a fairy tale.
• To live life is not to cross a fence.
• You live and live, but you have nothing to tell people about.
• In life you will have to eat all sorts of fish soup.
• Life depends on you.
• Some are sweet, some are bitter.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

About hard workers and lazy people.

• Hard work is nice to look at.
• If you don’t know how, don’t try it, don’t fly without wings.
• If only you had a hand, there would be a job.
• The eyes are afraid, but the hands will do it.
• For bad work they stroke you against the grain.
• If you know how to dance, you can also work.
• The lazy person always has tomorrow and the day after tomorrow.
• If you fuss about, the oven will cool down.
• Without labor, even a sliver will not break off.
• Laziness was born before you.
• You won't get enough of chatter.
• Everything works out in skillful hands.
• He can speak, but he cannot work.
• Good work will bring fame far.

About clothes.

• Don't wear bad clothes - you won't see new ones.
• Get dressed... You'll ruin the weather.
• You wear clothes for work.
• You can't tell a person's insides by their clothes.
• What is the weather, so are the clothes.
• It fits like a pig's silk scarf.

About food.

• A hungry man has no work to do.
• You won't be full of air.
• If there was health, there would always be food.
• It is not the fur coat that warms you, but the bread.

Bread is father, water is mother.

• On the road, bread is not a burden.
• Don't be in a hurry when eating, it will go down the wrong throat.
• Soup and porridge are our food.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

Studies.

• Everything needs to be learned.
• Young people need education

Like food for a hungry man.

• You won't make it into the public without training.
• There is no need to teach a master.
• A literate person is sighted,

Illiterate is blind.

• Live forever and learn.

Himself and people, one’s own and someone else’s.

• You can't do it yourself

Why do you scold others?

• He is good himself and is good to you.
• Don't praise yourself, let people praise you.
• Don't learn to ride on someone else's neck.
• Don't rejoice in someone else's misfortune.
• Don't hide behind someone else's back.
• Don't envy someone else's life.

Punishment, shame.

You'll beat yourself up.

Komi proverbs and sayings.

Truth and friendship.

• There is nothing better than goodness.
• Good is not repaid with evil.
• The truth hurts my eyes.
• We drink water from one well.
• Debt good turn deserves another.
• The world is not without good people.
• Bread and salt make people related.
• Seven do not wait for one.

Homeland. My house.

• One's own homeland - one's own mother.
• In its homeland, every tree smiles.
• A native nest is dear to everyone.
• In a foreign land I am glad to see my own crow.
• At home - as you want, but in public - as they force you to do.
• No matter how good it is, it’s still not home.
• When you return home

The road seems shorter.

Family.

• Choose your bride at work, not at a party.
• Decent people don't have a wedding in the middle of summer.
• Without a nest, alone, only the cuckoo lives.
• Without a man in the house, knives and axes are dull.
• A house is not a home without a mistress.
• The mother's hand is soft.
• The hardest thing is to raise a person.

Loneliness and team.

• The more the merrier.
• The more hands there are, the faster the work goes.
• For the team, any trouble is nothing.
• A single rod is easy to break,

Try to break the broom.

• The lonely one is gored by cancer.
• So many heads, so many minds.

One log will not burn for long.

A collection of proverbs and sayings of the Komi people, collected and systematized by Fyodor Vasilyevich Plesovsky, candidate of philological sciences, researcher at the Komi branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, once again convinces the reader that this unique genre of folk poetry, in the words of A. M. Gorky, figuratively shapes the entire life , socio-historical experience of the working people.

PREFACE

Komi proverbs and sayings

Uj da sy dinӧ attitude yilys

Lӧsӧdis F.V. Plesovsky.
Komi Book Publishing House,
Syktyvkar, 1956. p.217-244.

1. Ujav tomdyryi, pӧrysman - serman.

2. Kydz verman tulysyn kӧdz-gӧr nyӧr vundigkosti, sorman - yӧrman.

3. Tulysyn uzyan, aryn shogӧ usyan.

4. Kӧdz-gӧr pasya dukӧsӧn, and vundy dӧrӧm kezhys.

5. Kӧdz kӧt pӧimӧ, yes pӧraӧ.

6. Vodzhyk kodzan - ydzhyd soryom techan.

7. Mutӧ kӧ radeitan, and siyӧ tenӧ radeitas.

8. My kodzan, siyӧ and petas.

9. Muyastӧ kuyӧdӧn tyrtan - ozyr harvest barnӧ pyrtan.

10. Kutshӧma kӧdzan, setshӧma and wundan; kutshӧma wundan, setshӧma and shoyan.

11. Yuryn - abu on turun, soryomyn - abu on nyan.

12. Kor syuys loӧ, seki and merays loӧ.

13. Gozhӧmyn koktӧ kyskalan - tӧvnas kynӧmtӧ kyskas.

14. Kodi kyakӧd chechchӧ, sylӧn olӧmys sudzsӧ.

15. Ӧtuvya uj yonjika sodӧ.

16. Bur ujӧn and bur morttuyӧn nekor, nekytchӧ on vosh.

17. Udzhyd vesig kӧrtlys sim byrӧdӧ.

18. Kituytӧg en ujav, bordtӧg en labav.

19. Tuvsov ujyas in gӧgӧr verdӧny.

20. Uj baryn shoychchӧg - mӧd ujly otsӧg.

21. Uj serti and nim da honor.

22. Bura kӧ ujalan - ylӧdz and nimalan.

23. Bӧryy gӧtyrputӧ uj vylyn, and en rytyysyanyn.

24. Kydzkӧ yes myykӧsyyd potshӧstӧ he potsh.

25. Artalan kӧ stӧcha, stavsӧ bura vӧchan.

26. Yonjika ucalan, topydjika uzyan.

27. Valleys honey kiyas, a udzhyd, maybyr, syuras.

Komi proverbs and sayings

became available on the Internet

The book “Komi voityrlön shusögyas da kyvyözyas” (“Proverbs and sayings of the Komi people”) appeared on the Internet. Deputy of the Republican Parliament Anatoly Rodov, editor-in-chief and publisher of the book, launched a website dedicated to his literary project, – pogovorkikomi.ru.

On the website you can download “Proverbs and sayings of the Komi people” in PDF format or read online. Let us note that the site contains not just text, but a book – with all the illustrations.
Let us remember that the presentation of the printed version of the book took place in October last year. At the presentation it was said that a similar collection was last published in Syktyvkar back in Soviet time- in 1983. Therefore, it is not surprising that the release of the new book delighted all those who are interested in the Komi Republic. folk culture and folklore. The book was printed in a circulation of one thousand copies at the Komi Republican Printing House and distributed as a gift to all schools and libraries of the republic.
To publish the book, Anatoly Rodov assembled a team capable of creating a collection of interest to a wide range of readers. The scientific editor and compiler was folklorist Pavel Limerov, and the publication was illustrated by ethnofuturist artist Yuri Lisovsky.
The collection contains for the first time the research of two famous folklorists in Russia. The first, which is also the main part of the book, is a reissue of the collection of Fyodor Plesovsky. The collection of proverbs, sayings and riddles is supplemented by an article by Plesovsky, as well as a study about his life and scientific activity. And the second part includes proverbs and sayings from a handwritten collection compiled back in the forties of the nineteenth century by one of the literate Zyryans at the request of the linguist and ethnographer Pavel Savvaitov. The author of the manuscript preserved in the Russian National Library (St. Petersburg) is unknown. All proverbs, sayings and riddles are given with translation into Russian, and in the footnotes you can find out the meanings of outdated words.
– Folk wisdom, clothed in proverbs and sayings, reminds a person of his purpose and fair attitude towards the world and those who live nearby, noted Anatoly Rodov. - Are you reading these clots? historical memory- and you feel a sense of belonging to your people, to the North, the boundaries of time are erased, and with all your soul you understand: this is mine, dear, ours, we are in this endless series of generations.
This is far from the only project of Anatoly Rodov dedicated to the development of Komi culture and language. Not long ago he implemented a debut project music album Syktyvkar singer Ekaterina Kurochkina, who performs musical works in Komi and Russian languages. The implementation of the “Lovya Kyv” (“Living Word”) project is nearing completion. The essence of this project is to create an Internet resource that will contain works by writers of the republic in the Komi language in audio format.
Arthur ARTEEV
Photo by the author
and Dmitry NAPALKOV

Read the proverbs of the Komi and Udmurts. Match them with proverbs of the peoples of your region that are suitable in meaning. Write them down.

Help yourself first, and then accept help from a friend.

Russians

• Get lost yourself, and help your comrade.
• To save a friend is to save yourself.
• Rely on your friend and help him out yourself.
• He who has his face to everyone, does not have his back to good people.
• He who helps each other overcomes the enemy.

Personal benefit is like dew on the grass, brotherly benefit is like the sky high.

Proverbs that fit the meaning:

• The happiness of the Motherland is more valuable than life.
• If friendship is great, the Motherland will be strong.
• Unity and brotherhood - great power. (ukr)

In a beautiful forest the pine trees are beautiful

Proverbs that fit the meaning:

• It is not the place that makes the person, but the person that makes the place.
• The place is famous for its people. (Azerb.)
• Every pine tree makes noise in its own forest.
• Where the pine tree is mature, there it is red.
• There are many different lands, but the native one is the most distant.

What do these proverbs teach: Proverbs teach to love people, to help them, to put common interests first and then your own, to love your homeland.