Born into a poor family (April 3, 1894), with young years who worked at the mine, Khrushchev Nikita Sergeevich, whose years of government are associated by many with the exposure of the "cult of personality", made brilliant career rising to the heights of power. Of course, this was only possible thanks to the revolution.

Carier start

Nikita Sergeevich joined the Bolsheviks in 1918, when he was only 24 years old. He participated in the Civil, graduated from it as a political instructor of the Kuban army. After the end of the war, he became close with the representative of the party elite Kaganovich and very soon (1932) became the second, and three years later - the first secretary of the Moscow Regional Party Committee.

Joseph Stalin, contrary to popular belief, Nikita Sergeevich revered very much, never contradicted him, participated in repressions with great enthusiasm.

The one and only time he opposed supreme measure punishment for convicts - in the case of Rykov and Bukharin. Of course, this did not affect their future fate in any way, but characteristically, in many cases, the vindictive and petty Stalin did not take offense at Khrushchev.

Ukrainian period

In 1939 he was appointed First Secretary of the Ukrainian SSR. Strong, energetic, coming from the very bottom - many noted that he was in his place. The years of Nikita Khrushchev's rule in Ukraine (1938-1949) fell mainly on the war and subsequent reconstruction. He was not a timid man, he did not sit in the headquarters, he strove to communicate with people.

In military affairs, as in many other things, Nikita Sergeevich was incompetent. All his participation in strategic and tactical planning came down to the fact that he supported the Commander-in-Chief in everything. Some sources hold him responsible for a number of defeats of the Red Army on the territory of Ukraine.

Stalin died in March 1953. Part of the vast country plunged into mourning, part - into jubilation. Only the party elite was not up to emotions: a serious struggle for power began here. Malenkov and Beria had good chances, but the latter was eliminated in the usual way: he was accused of espionage and sabotage, declared an enemy of the people and shot.

In September 1953, the years of Khrushchev's reign in the USSR began. Many sources claim that Zhukov personally and his influence on some members of the Politburo and the Presidium helped Nikita Sergeevich to get the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU.

Both the Swiss and the reaper

As the head of the country, Khrushchev was involved in everything: politics, economics, culture. Lack of knowledge and a stubborn, eccentric character affected his activities in a rather serious way, sometimes turning into curiosities - funny and not very funny.

In the film beloved by many, “Only Old Men Go to Battle,” Bykov’s hero, being shot down on a captured Messer, gets to the infantrymen and proves that he is “his own”. They believed him only after poking the most active attacker with the words “Oh, you, the queen of the fields!”

This is one of the film's minor inaccuracies (which, however, do not spoil it): the curse appeared much later, when Khrushchev became the head of the country - the years of the General Secretary's rule were marked by numerous undertakings that took on a grotesque character.

One of these projects is considered to be the "corn epic": in 1955, after a visit to the United States, Nikita Sergeevich got the idea that this cereal should become the main one in the USSR. In countless articles, reports and speeches, she was referred to only as the "queen of the fields", and they began to cultivate it everywhere, even where she could not produce a crop in principle.

When the next grandiose campaign ended unsuccessfully, Khrushchev (whose years of rule were often marked by such failures) blamed anyone but himself for this. Subsequently, these endless throwing from side to side, with the same initial enthusiasm and subsequent accusations, was called voluntarism.

Khrushchev miracles...

The economic policy of the Soviet leader was not just unsuccessful - it was unfortunate, although there are different opinions about this. Nikita Sergeevich is credited, for example, with an attempt to turn to a market economic model (“Kosygin's reforms”). But I remember the years of Khrushchev's reign N.S. not this at all. The main failure, perhaps, can be considered agriculture. There was no end to the throwing of the leader of "the entire USSR".

In 1957, Nikita Sergeevich decided to "catch up and overtake America." The project was to increase economic indicators several times - and the real growth rates immediately ceased to suit the Secretary General. A year later, Khrushchev, whose years of rule turned out to be rather hungry, was especially concerned about the fact that the country did not have enough meat, and ordered that the situation be urgently corrected. He was pointed out that the deadlines were unrealistic, they gave the appropriate calculations - this did not impress the leader.

Then events began to develop in an unexpected way: the first secretary of the party committee of the Ryazan region, Larionov, undertook to triple the procurement in a year. Nikita Sergeevich was delighted and began to reward "real communists."

And their results

For the implementation of his adventurous enterprise, the region, perhaps, was overwhelmed: the annual offspring, dairy and breeding cattle were slaughtered. Private farms were deceived in the most unscrupulous way: having taken pets “for a while”, they let them go for consumption, not at all caring that they were supposed to be returned.

With all this, the measures were not enough - and then, with the money intended to improve the infrastructure of the region, they bought livestock in neighboring regions, and still delivered 150 thousand tons of meat (three times more than in the previous reporting period).

"Achievement" in the style of "because you can, whenever you want" was endlessly extolled by Khrushchev - the years of Nikita Sergeevich's rule are generally characterized by pompous praise and very sharp censures. And then thunder struck!

As a result of the implementation of "advanced ideas", the number of collective farm herds decreased three times - and in 1960 the region was able to procure only 30 thousand tons of meat (instead of the promised 180!). In addition, the offended peasants, who lost their cattle, refused to work - grain production fell by half.

In autumn it became impossible to hide the state of affairs. Larionov, seeking to avoid trial, shot himself, but the consequences for the region's economy could not be corrected as radically.

Another example of a dubious "achievement" is the notorious "virgin lands upturned", which did not solve the problems with grain production in the long term, but gave rise to new ones - in animal husbandry and ecology.

There is no bad without good

However, there have been undoubted successes. The policy of housing construction can and should be recognized as successful. Although there was no sound insulation in the “Khrushchevs”, the layout was (and is) monstrous, and the ergonomics were zero, but millions of Soviet citizens who got the opportunity to live in their own, and not in a communal apartment, could only be satisfied with Khrushchev’s policy in this direction.

Under Nikita Sergeevich, the space industry was actively developing - the first satellite was launched, the famous Gagarin flight took place.

Of course, the main achievement of Nikita Sergeevich is the exposure of Stalin's crimes and the rehabilitation of innocently convicted people. Was it a manifestation of personal courage or a desire to divert attention from their own unsuccessful policies - who knows. But the fact that this happened was a huge boon for Soviet society.

When today schoolchildren or students are asked: indicate the years of Khrushchev's rule, they cannot imagine how much behind these figures - 1954-1964 - there is a human joy from the fact that the long-awaited justice has nevertheless triumphed.

At this time, the Soviet regime trembled, took on an animated, human form.

This happened largely due to the personality of Nikita Sergeevich - he was charming and simple, he did not bother himself with diplomatic protocol. Numerous statements of the Soviet leader like "Kuzkin's mother" are known even to schoolchildren.

At the same time, the image of such a good-natured, albeit not very educated, uncle in the case of Khrushchev is deeply erroneous. He was a tough man, even cruel - during his time there was a shooting in Novocherkassk (26 people died), and the suppression of an uprising in Hungary.

Khrushchev earned a separate fame as a "patron" of art. In 1962, an exhibition of avant-garde artists opened in the Manezh, which Nikita Sergeevich visited - and, unfortunately, did not understand the creators' intention. He covered the artists and organizers of the exhibition with obscene language and ordered objectionable phenomena from Soviet art uproot.

One of a kind

Sunset political career Khrushchev was the result of a conspiracy of the party nomenklatura headed by Brezhnev. This attempt to get rid of the odious general secretary was already the second.

In 1957, Kaganovich, Molotov and Malenkov, at a meeting of the Presidium of the Central Committee, undertook the first. Then Zhukov supported Nikita Sergeevich, having achieved the transfer of the decision to the hastily convened Plenum - and for the first (and last) time, he did not support the Presidium. Years of Khrushchev N.S. didn't end there.

Once again, Nikita Sergeevich "distinguished himself" in 1964, becoming the only Soviet leader who left his post alive. Here Zhukov could not help in any way - Khrushchev dismissed the marshal back in 1958, ranking him among the so-called. "anti-party group" (together with everyone who opposed him at the memorable Presidium).

Deprived of support, Khrushchev was removed from all positions and retired. There is evidence that it was supposed to be eliminated physically. But this, fortunately, did not happen. Nikita Sergeevich still managed to dictate multi-volume memoirs and died on September 11, 1971 at the age of 77.

Khrushchev led the Red Army in the Ukrainian SSR. Most researchers believe that it was he who became the culprit of the unsuccessful defense against Nazi German invaders and, as a consequence, the catastrophic encirclement of Kyiv and Kharkov, as well as the subsequent loss of Donbass. However, this did not prevent Nikita Sergeevich from successfully attaining the rank of lieutenant general at the end of World War II.

Khrushchev's main failures in domestic politics:

1. Agro-industrial policy and the widespread cultivation of corn (the idea came to Khrushchev after a visit to the USA). The idea was not bad, but not all regions of the USSR could boast of a climate suitable for this plant. In addition, corn, as it turned out, leaves behind depleted soil that requires intensive fertilization.
2. Transfer of Crimea(then the Crimean region) in 1954 of the RSFSR and the union city of Sevastopol in the bosom of the Ukrainian SSR. By the way, even Petliura's UNR in the years civil war, which expressed claims to some areas of the current Russian Federation, did not claim the Crimea, which was considered Russian even in those days. Khrushchev's motives are not known for certain. Then, of course, this did not cause heated discussions, since Crimea was not given to another state. All in all, the borders of the two republics were slightly changed. According to Khrushchev's son in 2014, his father gave Crimea Ukraine due to the construction of a water canal from the Dnieper, which was easier to carry out within the framework of one republic. This dubious version is rejected by many historians, leaning towards the fact that Khrushchev wanted to enlist the support of the leadership of the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR on the eve of his reforms.
3. Novocherkassk execution striking workers in 1962, which seemed strange after a recent report on Stalin's tyranny.
4. Restoration in 1957 of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, and Nikita Sergeevich gave the Chechens some areas of the Stavropol Territory with a predominantly Russian population. Almost 35 years later, this became one of the reasons for the start Chechen war .

Khrushchev's achievements in domestic politics:

1. Successful construction of housing for Soviet citizens. As a result of mass construction in brand new Khrushchev"Moved up to 60 thousand families who had previously lived almost in dugouts, in best case- utilities. For many of these families, “khrushchev”, as more affluent citizens called them, have become simply chic apartments.
2. Achievements of the Soviet Union in space race:
   • launch of the first artificial Earth satellite on October 4, 1957 (stayed in orbit for only 3 months, but dispelled the myth of the Americans about the "underdevelopment" of the USSR and became the reason for the growth of authority Soviet Union in the world);
   • the first astronaut dog Laika (November 3, 1957; unfortunately died from overheating) and astronaut dogs Belka and Strelka, the first to return alive on August 20, 1960;
   • legendary flight Yuri Gagarin into space on April 12, 1961 (who became the first person to fly into near-Earth orbit on the Vostok spacecraft), it was then that the authority of the Soviet Union in the world community skyrocketed;
   • first space flight of a female astronaut Valentina Tereshkova June 16, 1963;
   • the first photo of the far side of the moon taken by the Luna-3 station. Until that time reverse side our satellite has not been seen by any living organism since the time of the dinosaurs.
3. Economically sound reduction Soviet army(although not all researchers consider this an achievement).
4. Khrushchev thaw - reduction of censorship and rehabilitation of victims of Stalinist repressions (certain positive features had a massive de-Stalinization, according to many researchers).
5. The inclusion of the Karelian-Finnish SSR into the RSFSR is considered an achievement, since now there could be another independent state in the Baltic States - Karelia (together with Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania), and the Murmansk region would be as separated from the Russian Federation as Kaliningrad.
6. The development of science, in particular - genetics (previously forbidden) and cybernetics, as well as physics, mathematics, etc.
7. The growth of industrial production. New cars appeared (economical and practical “humpbacked Cossack”, GAZ-21, the first minibus RAF-977 and many others).
8. Creation of a new modern irrigation system in agriculture (mainly in the south of the Ukrainian SSR), which ensured a significant increase in the productivity of the agro-industrial complex.
9. The first nuclear power plant in the world (Obninsk NPP in the Kaluga region), launched on June 26, 1954, became the first symbol of " peaceful atom", that is, using nuclear energy for peaceful purposes.

Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev(April 17, 1894, Kalinovka village, Kursk province - September 11, 1971, Moscow) - First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee from 1953 to 1964, Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers from 1958 to 1964. Hero of the Soviet Union, Three times Hero of Socialist Labor.

He debunked the personality cult of Stalin, carried out a number of democratic transformations of the apparatus, improved relations between the USSR and the capitalist countries, and quarreled between the USSR and China, and rehabilitated some of the political prisoners.

Started the first mass programs housing construction(Khrushchev) and development outer space humanity.

short biography

Nikita Sergeevich Khrushchev was born in 1894 in the village of Kalinovka, Kursk province. In 1908 the Khrushchev family moved to Yuzovka. From the age of 12, he began working at factories and mines in Donbass.

In 1918 Khrushchev was accepted into the Bolshevik Party. He participates in the Civil War, and after its completion is in economic and party work.

In 1922, Khrushchev returned to Yuzovka and studied at the workers' faculty of the Don Technical School, where he became the party secretary of the technical school. In July 1925 he was appointed party leader of the Petrov-Maryinsky district of the Stalin province.

In 1929 he entered the Industrial Academy in Moscow, where he was elected secretary of the party committee.

From January 1931 he was secretary of the Bauman and then Krasnopresnensky district party committees, in 1932-1934 he worked first as second, then first secretary of the Moscow City Committee and second secretary of the MK of the CPSU (b). In 1938 he became the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Bolsheviks of Ukraine and a candidate member of the Politburo, and a year later a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.

During the Great Patriotic War, Khrushchev was a member of the military councils of the Southwestern direction, the Southwestern, Stalingrad, Southern, Voronezh and 1st Ukrainian fronts. He was one of the culprits of the catastrophic encirclement of the Red Army near Kyiv (1941) and near Kharkov (1942), fully supporting the Stalinist point of view. He ended the war with the rank of lieutenant general precisely because of the support of all Stalin's ideas.

In the period from 1944 to 1947 he worked as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Ukrainian SSR, then he was again elected First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CP (b) of Ukraine. Since December 1949, he is again the first secretary of the Moscow Regional and the secretary of the Central Party Committees.

In June 1953, after the death of Joseph Stalin, he was one of the main initiators of the removal from all posts and the arrest of Lavrenty Beria. In September 1953, Khrushchev was elected First Secretary of the Central Committee. Since 1958 - Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. He held these posts until October 14, 1964. The October plenum of the Central Committee, organized in the absence of Khrushchev, who was on vacation, relieved him of party and government posts "for health reasons." After that, Nikita Khrushchev was under virtual house arrest. Khrushchev died on September 11, 1971.

After Khrushchev's resignation, his name was actually banned for more than 20 years; in encyclopedias, he was accompanied by an extremely brief official description: In his activities there were elements of subjectivism and voluntarism. In Perestroika, the discussion of Khrushchev's activities again became possible; his role as a "predecessor" of perestroika was emphasized, while at the same time attention was drawn to his own role in the repressions, and to negative sides his guides. The only case of perpetuating the memory of Khrushchev is still the assignment of his name to the square in Grozny in 1991. During the life of Khrushchev, the city of builders of the Kremenchug hydroelectric power station (Kirovograd region of Ukraine) was briefly named after him, which, after his resignation, was renamed Kremges, and then Svetlovodsk.

Khrushchev's reforms

In area Agriculture: increase in purchase prices, reduction of the tax burden.

The issuance of passports to collective farmers began - under Stalin they did not have freedom of movement.

The creation of economic councils is a failed attempt to change the departmental principle of economic management to a territorial one.

The development of virgin lands began, the introduction of corn into the culture. The passion for corn was accompanied by extremes, for example, they tried to grow it in Karelia.

resettlement communal apartments- for this, the mass construction of "Khrushchev" began.

Khrushchev announced in 1961 at the XXII Congress of the CPSU that communism would be built in the USSR by 1980 - "The current generation of Soviet people will live under communism!" At that time, the majority of the people of the socialist bloc (together with China, more than 1 billion people) enthusiastically accepted this statement.

During the reign of Khrushchev, the preparation of the "Kosygin reforms" began - attempts to introduce certain elements of a market economy into a planned socialist economy.

A significant moment in the development of the economy of the USSR was also the refusal to introduce the National Automated System - a system of centralized computer control of the entire economy of the country, developed by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and brought to the stage of pilot implementation at individual enterprises.

Despite the ongoing reforms, the welfare of the majority of Soviet people left much to be desired.

Major political actions

• Fight against Stalin's personality cult.


• Release from prisons and camps and rehabilitation of millions of victims Stalinist repressions.


• Transfer of the Crimean peninsula to the Ukrainian SSR.


• Full or partial rehabilitation of a number of repressed peoples, restoration of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1957.


• The beginning of the space program - the launch of Sputnik No. 1 and the flight into space of Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin.


• Deployment of nuclear missiles in Cuba, which was the beginning of the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962.


• The construction of the Berlin Wall.


• Forceful suppression of the uprising in Hungary (1956).


• Meeting with US Vice President Richard Nixon in Iowa.

X Ruschev Nikita Sergeevich - Soviet statesman and party leader, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, lieutenant general.

Born on April 5 (17), 1894 in the village of Kalinovka, Dmitrievsky district, Kursk province, now Khomutovsky district, Kursk region, in a working class family. Russian. Member of the RCP(b)/CPSU since 1918.

From childhood, he worked as a laborer for the landowner. From 1909 he was a locksmith apprentice at the Bosse plant in Yuzovka (now Donetsk), from 1912 he was a locksmith at the mines in Yuzovka, from 1915 he was a locksmith in workshops there. In 1917 he returned to his homeland, chairman of the committee of the poor in his native village of Kalinovka.

Member of the Civil War, since 1918 in the Red Army: Red Army soldier, chairman of the regiment's party cell, battalion commissar in the 9th Infantry Division of the 12th Army, instructor of the political department in the 9th Kuban Army, political worker in the Donetsk Labor Army. He fought on the Southern Front and in the Kuban.

In 1922 he was demobilized, he was an assistant to the manager of the mine of the Rutchenkovka mine administration in Yuzovka.

In 1925 he graduated from the workers' faculty in Yuzovka, during his studies he was the secretary of the party cell there. Since 1925 - First Secretary of the Petrov-Maryinsky District Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in Yuzovka, since 1926 - Head of the Organizational Department, then Deputy Secretary of the District Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks in Stalino. Since 1928 - deputy head of the organizational and administrative department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine in Kharkov and Kyiv.

Since 1929 he studied at the Industrial Academy named after I.V. Stalin in Moscow. From January 1931 - first secretary of the Baumansky, from July 1931 - the Krasnopresnensky district party committee in Moscow. Since January 1932 - the second secretary of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU (b).

From January 1934 - First Secretary of the Moscow City Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. From March 1935 - First Secretary of the Moscow Committee and the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU (b). From February 1938 - First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine.

During the Great Patriotic War, N.S. Khrushchev was a member of the Military Councils of the Southwestern direction (08/10/1941 - 06/23/1942), Southwestern (09/26/1941 - 07/12/1942), Stalingrad (07/12/1942 - 12/31/1942 ), Southern (01/1/1943 - 02/28/1943), Voronezh (03/2/1943 - 10/20/1943), 1st Ukrainian (10/20/1943 - 08/1/1944) fronts. Participated in Kyiv and Sumy-Kharkov defensive operations, Barvenkovo-Lozovskaya and Kharkov (May 1942) offensive operations., the last of which ended in a disastrous defeat for the Red Army, participated in the defensive and offensive stages Battle of Stalingrad, Rostov offensive operation, in Battle of Kursk and in the battle for the Dnieper, in the Proskurov-Chernivtsi offensive operation.

In February 1944 - December 1947 - Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars (since 1946 - the Council of Ministers) of the Ukrainian SSR. From December 26, 1947 - First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (b) of Ukraine. From December 16, 1949 - Secretary of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks and at the same time (until March 10, 1953) First Secretary of the Moscow Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks. From December 16, 1949 to January 25, 1950 - simultaneously the first secretary of the Moscow City Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks.

Later, holding the post of First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, N.S. Khrushchev, from March 27, 1958, was simultaneously the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

At Kazom of the Presidium Supreme Council USSR dated April 16, 1954 for outstanding services to the Communist Party and the Soviet people, in connection with the 60th anniversary of his birth Khrushchev Nikita Sergeevich awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal (No. 6759).

At by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 8, 1957, noting the outstanding services of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU Comrade Khrushchev N.S. in the development and implementation of measures for the development of virgin and fallow lands, he was awarded the Order of Lenin and the second gold medal "Hammer and Sickle".

At kazam of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 17, 1961 for outstanding services in leading the creation and development of the rocket industry, science and technology and the successful implementation of the world's first space flight of a Soviet man on the Vostok satellite ship, which discovered new era in space exploration, was awarded the Order of Lenin and the third gold medal "Hammer and Sickle".

At Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of April 16, 1964 for outstanding services to the Communist Party and the Soviet state in building a communist society, strengthening the economic and defense might of the Soviet Union, developing fraternal friendship among the peoples of the USSR, in pursuing the Leninist peace-loving policy and noting exceptional achievements in the fight against Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War, in connection with the 70th anniversary of the birth Khrushchev Nikita Sergeevich was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal (No. 11220).

Member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks (03/22/1939 - 10/05/1952), member of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee (10/16/1952 - 10/14/1964).

At the plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU on October 14, 1964, N.S. Khrushchev was relieved of his duties as the first secretary of the CPSU Central Committee and a member of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee. The next day, October 15, Khrushchev was also relieved of his duties as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

Personal pensioner of allied significance. Died September 11, 1971. He was buried in Moscow at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

Lieutenant General (02/12/1943). Awarded 7 orders of Lenin (05/13/1935, 04/16/1944, 01/23/1948, 04/16/1954, 04/08/1957, 06/17/1961, 04/16/1964), orders of Suvorov 1st degree (05/2/1945), Kutuzov 1st degree (08/27/1943), Suvorov 2nd degree (04/09/1943), Patriotic War 1st degree (02/1/1945), Red Banner of Labor (02/7/1939), medals "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree, "For the defense of Stalingrad", "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic war 1941-1945", "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945", other medals, foreign awards: Orders of the White Lion (Czechoslovakia, 1964), "Star of the Socialist Republic of Romania" (1964), Georgy Dimitrov ( Bulgaria, 1964), Karl Marx (German Democratic Republic, 1964), Sukhbaatar (Mongolia, 1964), “Nile Necklace” (Egypt, 1964), medal “20 Years of the Slovak National Uprising” (Czechoslovakia, 1964). Hero of the People's Republic of Bulgaria (1964).

Honorary citizen of the cities of Sofia (Bulgaria, 1962), Varna (Bulgaria, 1962). Monuments of N.S. Khrushchev installed in Krasnodar Territory and the city of Vladimir. In September 2009, a marble bust was installed in his native village of Kalinovka, Khomutovsky district. A memorial plaque was installed on the building of the Donetsk National Polytechnic University, where N.S. Khrushchev studied.

Essay:
Memories. Selected Fragments. - M.: "Vagrius", 1997.